C++ Win32 键盘事件
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C++ Win32 keyboard events
提问by Ferruccio
I am working on my keystroke logger for personal interest and asked a question related to this about yesterday; While loop using a lot of CPU.
为了个人兴趣，我正在研究我的击键记录器，昨天问了一个与此相关的问题；使用大量 CPU 的 while 循环。
The issue with the program was that it took too much CPU Usage, and people have suggested to make the inputs key-event based.
该程序的问题在于它占用了太多的 CPU 使用率，人们建议使输入基于键事件。
Since I'm new to the Win32 API, I try to look for references and tutorials that will tell me how to create keyboard inputs as event-based, rather than poll based. But the problems is I could not found any solid examples or references, as it was quite difficult to understand for a complete newbie.
由于我是 Win32 API 的新手，因此我尝试寻找参考资料和教程，它们将告诉我如何将键盘输入创建为基于事件而不是基于轮询。但问题是我找不到任何可靠的例子或参考资料，因为对于一个完整的新手来说很难理解。
Most of them mentioned that the event-based programming resided in GUI application, yet I want this keystroke logger application to be a console application.
他们中的大多数人提到基于事件的编程驻留在 GUI 应用程序中，但我希望这个击键记录器应用程序是一个控制台应用程序。
My two main questions from all this is:
我对这一切的两个主要问题是：
- Can I write a event-based console keystroke logger with the Win32 API? If not, what are my options?
- 我可以使用 Win32 API 编写基于事件的控制台击键记录器吗？如果没有，我有什么选择？
and
和
- Does anyone have any reference websites that will help me understand how to capture keystrokes event-based?
- 有没有人有任何参考网站可以帮助我了解如何捕获基于事件的击键？
If additional information is needed, I am using Code Blocks under Windows XP with a GCC compiler.
如果需要其他信息，我将在 Windows XP 下使用带有 GCC 编译器的代码块。
回答by Nick Dandoulakis
Key logger applications use mechanisms such as Win32 Hooks. Specifically you need to set a WH_KEYBOARDhook.
按键记录器应用程序使用诸如Win32 Hooks 之类的机制。具体来说，你需要设置一个WH_KEYBOARD钩子。
There are move advanced techniques, like creating your own keyboard driver but for a start hooks are a good choice.
有一些高级技术，比如创建自己的键盘驱动程序，但对于开始钩子是一个不错的选择。
Edit:To get an idea of how a hook procedure looks like, I post a fragment from my personal utility.
编辑：为了了解钩子过程的样子，我从我的个人实用程序中发布了一个片段。
// ...
thehook = SetWindowsHookEx( WH_KEYBOARD_LL, hook_proc, hwnd, 0 );
// ...
/**
*
* wParam, one of the: WM_KEYDOWN, WM_KEYUP, WM_SYSKEYDOWN, or WM_SYSKEYUP
lParam: pointer to a KBDLLHOOKSTRUCT structure
(*) "The hook procedure should process a message in less time than the
data entry specified in the LowLevelHooksTimeout value in the following registry key:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\Desktop
The value is in milliseconds. If the hook procedure does not
return during this interval, the system will pass the message to the next hook."
*
*/
LRESULT CALLBACK
hook_proc( int code, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
static long ctrl_cnt = 0;
static bool mmode = false;
static DWORD time;
KBDLLHOOKSTRUCT* kbd = (KBDLLHOOKSTRUCT*)lParam;
if ( code < 0
|| (kbd->flags & 0x10) // ignore injected events
) return CallNextHookEx( thehook, code, wParam, lParam );
long ret = 1; // by default I swallow the keys
if ( mmode ) { // macro mode is ON
if ( WM_KEYDOWN == wParam )
PostMessage(mainwnd, WM_MCR_ACCUM, kbd->vkCode, 0);
if ( WM_KEYUP == wParam )
switch (kbd->vkCode) {
case VK_ESCAPE:
mmode = false;
keys.removeall();
PostMessage(mainwnd, WM_MCR_HIDE, 0, 0);
break;
case VK_RETURN:
PostMessage(mainwnd, WM_MCR_EXEC, 0, 0);
break;
case VK_LCONTROL:
mmode = false;
PostMessage(mainwnd, WM_MCR_HIDE, 0, 0);
PostMessage(mainwnd, WM_MCR_EXEC, 0, 0);
break;
}
/* Which non printable keys allow passing? */
switch( kbd->vkCode ) {
case VK_LCONTROL:
case VK_CAPITAL:
case VK_LSHIFT:
case VK_RSHIFT:
ret = CallNextHookEx( thehook, code, wParam, lParam );
}
}
else { // macro mode is OFF
/* Ctrl pressed */
if ( kbd->vkCode == VK_LCONTROL && WM_KEYDOWN == wParam ) {
ctrl_cnt = 1;
time = kbd->time;
}
/* Prevent ctrl combinations to activate macro mode */
if ( kbd->vkCode != VK_LCONTROL )
ctrl_cnt = 0;
/* Ctrl released */
if ( ctrl_cnt == 1 && WM_KEYUP == wParam ) {
if ( kbd->time - time > 40 ) {
mmode = true;
PostMessage(mainwnd, WM_MCR_SHOW, 0, 0);
}
}
ret = CallNextHookEx( thehook, code, wParam, lParam ); // let it pass
}
return ret;
}
回答by Ferruccio
Take a look at the SetWindowsHookExAPI.
查看SetWindowsHookExAPI。
You can do this is a console app as well as a windowed app. You will need to put your keyboard hook in a DLL so that you can capture keystrokes in processes other than your own.
您可以在控制台应用程序和窗口应用程序中执行此操作。您需要将键盘挂钩放在 DLL 中，以便您可以在您自己的进程以外的进程中捕获击键。
There is some sample code here.
有一些示例代码在这里。
