无需安装即可在 Windows 中启动 postgresql 和 pgadmin
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starting postgresql and pgadmin in windows without installation
提问by user3263117
How can I start PostgreSQL and pgAdmin III in windows without installation. I do not have admin rights in a system. so I need to start the application without installing . How can I do that?
如何在不安装的情况下在 Windows 中启动 PostgreSQL 和 pgAdmin III。我在系统中没有管理员权限。所以我需要启动应用程序而不安装 . 我怎样才能做到这一点？
回答by a_horse_with_no_name
- Download the ZIP file from https://www.enterprisedb.com/products-services-training/pgbindownload
- Unzip the archive into a directory of your choice (the archive is created such that unzipping it, it will create a directory
pgsqlwith everything else below that) Run
initdb(this can be found in the subdirectorypgsql\bin)initdb -D c:\Users\Arthur\pgdata -U postgres -W -E UTF8 -A scram-sha-256This will create the postgres "data directory" (aka the "cluster") in
c:\Users\Arthur\pgdata. You need to make sure that the user running this command has full read/write privileges on that directory.-U postgrescreates the superuser aspostgres,-Wwill prompt you for the password of the superuser,-E UTF8will create the database withUTF-8encoding and-A md5enables the password authentication.To start Postgres, run:
pg_ctl -D c:\Users\Arthur\pgdata startthis has(!) to be done as the user who ran
initdbto avoid any problems with the access to the data directory.To shutdown Postgres, run:
pg_ctl -D c:\Users\Arthur\pgdata stoppsql.exe(the command line client) is located in thebindirectory. Starting with Postgres 9.6 the pgAdmin executablepgAdmin4.exeis located in the sub-directory"pgAdmin 4\bin".Optionally create a Windows service to automatically run Postgres (mustbe run using a Windows administrator account)
pg_ctl register -N postgresql -D c:\Users\Arthur\pgdata stop
- 从https://www.enterprisedb.com/products-services-training/pgbindownload下载 ZIP 文件
- 将存档解压缩到您选择的目录中（创建存档时解压缩它，它将创建一个目录，
pgsql其中包含其他所有内容） 运行
initdb（这可以在子目录中找到pgsql\bin）initdb -D c:\Users\Arthur\pgdata -U postgres -W -E UTF8 -A scram-sha-256这将在
c:\Users\Arthur\pgdata. 您需要确保运行此命令的用户对该目录具有完全读/写权限。-U postgres创建超级用户 aspostgres，-W将提示您输入超级用户的密码，-E UTF8将使用UTF-8编码创建数据库并-A md5启用密码验证。要启动 Postgres，请运行：
pg_ctl -D c:\Users\Arthur\pgdata start这必须（！）作为运行的用户来完成，
initdb以避免访问数据目录时出现任何问题。要关闭 Postgres，请运行：
pg_ctl -D c:\Users\Arthur\pgdata stoppsql.exe（命令行客户端）位于bin目录中。从 Postgres 9.6 开始，pgAdmin 可执行文件pgAdmin4.exe位于子目录中"pgAdmin 4\bin"。可以选择创建一个 Windows 服务来自动运行 Postgres（必须使用 Windows 管理员帐户运行）
pg_ctl register -N postgresql -D c:\Users\Arthur\pgdata stop
回答by Chinmayee Seth
Thank you. This worked for me. But, i was getting error while starting psql.exe
谢谢你。这对我有用。但是，我在启动 psql.exe 时出错
The error was "psql: FATAL : role [user] does not exist."
错误是“psql：致命：角色 [用户] 不存在。”
To resolve this, i followed the below steps:
为了解决这个问题，我按照以下步骤操作：
- Be on the same folder path (where you have initdb.exe) i.e. source-folder/pgsql/bin
- Run "psql -U postgres". This will ask for password.
- Now enter the password that was set during postgres intialization. This will open the psql command prompt.
- 位于相同的文件夹路径（您有 initdb.exe 的位置），即 source-folder/pgsql/bin
- 运行“psql -U postgres”。这将要求输入密码。
- 现在输入在 postgres 初始化期间设置的密码。这将打开 psql 命令提示符。
Hope this helps.. :)
希望这可以帮助.. ：）
回答by Vikram S
I tried above method its working fine, but when i tried to connect it via JDBC i used to get
我试过上面的方法它工作正常，但是当我尝试通过 JDBC 连接它时，我曾经得到
"The authentication type 10 is not supported. Check that you have configured the pg_hba.conf file to include the client's IP address or subnet, and that it is using an authentication scheme supported by the driver."
“不支持身份验证类型 10。检查您是否已将 pg_hba.conf 文件配置为包含客户端的 IP 地址或子网，并且它正在使用驱动程序支持的身份验证方案。”
This happens because scram-sha-256has some issue(refer here), i couldn't understand in depth, so i changed it to md5, All started to work smoothly.hope it helps
发生这种情况是因为scram-sha-256有一些问题（请参阅此处），我无法深入理解，所以我将其更改为 md5，一切开始顺利。希望对您有所帮助
.\initdb -D D:\database\dbdata -U postgres -W -E UTF8 -A md5
.\initdb -DD:\database\dbdata -U postgres -W -E UTF8 -A md5
