bash 列出名称中只有数字的文件
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List files that only have number in names
提问by PerseP
I have a directory with these files:
我有一个包含这些文件的目录：
1.html 22.html 333.html zxc.html
I want to get a list of the html files that only have digits in their name:
我想获取名称中仅包含数字的 html 文件列表：
1.html 22.html 333.html
I thought this would work
我以为这会奏效
find . -regex '^[0-9]+\.html'
or
或者
ls -al | grep -E '^[0-9]+\.html$'
But I get nothing. My idea is to get the html files with only digits in their names and pass them to sed to do a substitution.I'm using linux and bash
但我什么也得不到。我的想法是获取名称中只有数字的 html 文件，并将它们传递给 sed 进行替换。我正在使用 linux 和 bash
回答by Biffen
find's -regexmatches against the whole path, not just the filename (I myself seem to forget this once for every time I use it).
find的-regex匹配整个路径，而不仅仅是文件名（我自己似乎每次使用它时都会忘记一次）。
Thus, you can use:
因此，您可以使用：
find . -regex '.*/[0-9]+\.html'
(^and $aren't necessary since it always tests against the whole path.)
（^并且$不是必需的，因为它总是针对整个路径进行测试。）
Using findalso has advantages when you want to do something with the files, e.g. using the built-in -exec, -print0and pipe to xargs -0or even (using Bash):
find当您想对文件做一些事情时，使用也有优势，例如使用内置的-exec,-print0和管道xargs -0甚至（使用 Bash）：
while IFS='' read -r -d '' file
do
# ...
done < <(find . -regex '.*/[0-9]+\.html' -print0)
echowith a glob, ls|grep, etc. tend to stop working when filenames contain spaces (or even newlines) (which I realise won't happen in this case; it's more of a matter of future-proofing and making good habits).
echols|grep当文件名包含空格（甚至换行符）时，使用 glob、等往往会停止工作（我意识到在这种情况下不会发生这种情况；这更像是一个面向未来和养成良好习惯的问题）。
回答by Tom Fenech
Use an extended glob:
使用扩展的 glob：
$ shopt -s extglob
$ echo +([0-9]).html
1.html 22.html 333.html
With extglobenabled, +(pattern)matches one or more of pattern. Note that I am just using echoto show which files match - how you use the glob depends on what you want to do with it.
与extglob启用，+(pattern)相匹配的一种或多种pattern。请注意，我只是echo用来显示哪些文件匹配 - 您如何使用 glob 取决于您想用它做什么。
To print each file on a separate line, you can use:
要在单独的行上打印每个文件，您可以使用：
printf '%s\n' +([0-9]).html
Each file matching the pattern is passed as a separate argument to printfso you don't have to worry about things like spaces or other interesting characters in filenames.
每个与模式匹配的文件都作为单独的参数传递给，printf因此您不必担心文件名中的空格或其他有趣字符之类的问题。
To iterate over these files, it's as simple as:
要遍历这些文件，就像这样简单：
for file in +([0-9]).html; do
echo "$file"
done
Again, the shell takes care of any potential problems with interesting filenames, so you don't have to worry about it.
同样，shell 会处理有趣的文件名的任何潜在问题，因此您不必担心。
