在 Python 脚本中执行 curl 命令
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原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/26000336/
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Execute curl command within a Python script
提问by Kiran Vemuri
I am trying to execute a curl command within a python script.
我正在尝试在 python 脚本中执行 curl 命令。
If I do it in the terminal, it looks like this:
如果我在终端中这样做，它看起来像这样：
curl -X POST -d '{"nw_src": "10.0.0.1/32", "nw_dst": "10.0.0.2/32", "nw_proto": "ICMP", "actions": "ALLOW", "priority": "10"}' http://localhost:8080/firewall/rules/0000000000000001
I've seen recommendations to use pycurl, but I couldn't figure out how to apply it to mine.
我已经看到了使用的建议pycurl，但我不知道如何将它应用到我的。
I tried using:
我尝试使用：
subprocess.call([
'curl',
'-X',
'POST',
'-d',
flow_x,
'http://localhost:8080/firewall/rules/0000000000000001'
])
and it works, but is there a better way?
它有效，但有更好的方法吗？
采纳答案by Uxio
You could use urllib as @roippi said:
你可以像@roippi 所说的那样使用 urllib：
import urllib2
data = '{"nw_src": "10.0.0.1/32", "nw_dst": "10.0.0.2/32", "nw_proto": "ICMP", "actions": "ALLOW", "priority": "10"}'
url = 'http://localhost:8080/firewall/rules/0000000000000001'
req = urllib2.Request(url, data, {'Content-Type': 'application/json'})
f = urllib2.urlopen(req)
for x in f:
print(x)
f.close()
回答by hyades
If you are not tweaking the curl command too much you can also go and call the curl command directly
如果你没有过多地调整 curl 命令，你也可以直接调用 curl 命令
import shlex
cmd = '''curl -X POST -d '{"nw_src": "10.0.0.1/32", "nw_dst": "10.0.0.2/32", "nw_proto": "ICMP", "actions": "ALLOW", "priority": "10"}' http://localhost:8080/firewall/rules/0000000000000001'''
args = shlex.split(cmd)
process = subprocess.Popen(args, shell=False, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
stdout, stderr = process.communicate()
回答by OJFord
Don't!
别！
I know, that's the "answer" nobody wants. But if something's worth doing, it's worth doing right, right?
我知道，这就是没人想要的“答案”。但如果某件事值得做，那就值得做对，对吧？
This seeming like a good idea probably stems from a fairly wide misconception that shell commands such as curlare anything other than programs themselves.
这似乎是一个好主意，可能源于一种相当广泛的误解，即 shell 命令curl不是程序本身。
So what you're asking is "how do I run this other program, from within my program, just to make a measly little web request?". That's crazy, there's got to be a better way right?
所以你要问的是“我如何从我的程序中运行这个其他程序，只是为了发出一个微不足道的网络请求？”。这太疯狂了，一定有更好的方法吧？
Uxio's answerworks, sure. But it hardly looks very Pythonic, does it? That's a lot of work just for one little request. Python's supposed to be about flying! Anyone writing that is probably wishing they just call'd curl!
Uxio 的答案当然有效。但它看起来很难像Pythonic，是吗？仅仅为了一个小小的要求，就需要大量的工作。Python 应该是关于飞行的！任何写作的人可能都希望他们只是call'd curl！
it works, but is there a better way?
它有效，但有更好的方法吗？
Yes, there isa better way!
是的，有是一个更好的办法！
Requests: HTTP for Humans
请求：HTTP for Humans
Things shouldn't be this way. Not in Python.
事情不应该这样。不是在 Python 中。
Let's GET this page:
让我们获取这个页面：
import requests
res = requests.get('https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26000336')
That's it, really! You then have the raw res.text, or res.json()output, the res.headers, etc.
就是这样，真的！然后res.text，您将获得原始或res.json()输出res.headers、 等。
You can see the docs (linked above) for details of setting all the options, since I imagine OP has moved on by now, and you - the reader now - likely need different ones.
您可以查看文档（上面链接）以获取有关设置所有选项的详细信息，因为我认为 OP 现在已经开始发展，而您 - 现在的读者 - 可能需要不同的选项。
But, for example, it's as simple as:
但是，例如，它很简单：
url = 'http://example.tld'
payload = { 'key' : 'val' }
headers = {}
res = requests.post(url, data=payload, headers=headers)
You can even use a nice Python dict to supply the query string in a GET request with params={}.
您甚至可以使用一个不错的 Python dict 在 GET 请求中提供查询字符串params={}。
Simple and elegant. Keep calm, and fly on.
简单而优雅。保持冷静，继续飞行。
回答by Ganesh prasad
Rephrasing one of the answers in this post, instead of using cmd.split(). Try to use:
改写本文中的一个答案，而不是使用 cmd.split()。尝试使用：
import shlex
args = shlex.split(cmd)
Then feed args to subprocess.Popen.
然后将 args 提供给 subprocess.Popen。
Check this doc for more info: https://docs.python.org/2/library/subprocess.html#popen-constructor
查看此文档了解更多信息：https: //docs.python.org/2/library/subprocess.html#popen-constructor
回答by Nitin Nain
Use this tool(hosted herefor free) to convert your curl command to equivalent Python requests code:
使用此工具（此处免费托管）将您的 curl 命令转换为等效的 Python 请求代码：
Example: This,
例子：这个，
curl 'https://www.example.com/' -H 'Connection: keep-alive' -H 'Cache-Control: max-age=0' -H 'Origin: https://www.example.com' -H 'Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br' -H 'Cookie: SESSID=ABCDEF' --data-binary 'Pathfinder' --compressed
Gets converted neatly to:
整齐地转换为：
import requests
cookies = {
'SESSID': 'ABCDEF',
}
headers = {
'Connection': 'keep-alive',
'Cache-Control': 'max-age=0',
'Origin': 'https://www.example.com',
'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
}
data = 'Pathfinder'
response = requests.post('https://www.example.com/', headers=headers, cookies=cookies, data=data)
回答by Ramesh Ponnusamy
Try with subprocess
尝试使用子流程
CurlUrl="curl 'https://www.example.com/' -H 'Connection: keep-alive' -H 'Cache-
Control: max-age=0' -H 'Origin: https://www.example.com' -H 'Accept-Encoding:
gzip, deflate, br' -H 'Cookie: SESSID=ABCDEF' --data-binary 'Pathfinder' --
compressed"
Use getstatusoutputto store the results
使用getstatusoutput存储结果
status, output = subprocess.getstatusoutput(CurlUrl)
