PHP - 将文件系统路径转换为 URL
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PHP - Convert File system path to URL
提问by Xeoncross
I often find that I have files in my projects that need to be accessed from the file system as well as the users browser. One example is uploading photos. I need access to the files on the file system so that I can use GD to alter the images or move them around. But my users also need to be able to access the files from a URL like example.com/uploads/myphoto.jpg.
我经常发现我的项目中有需要从文件系统和用户浏览器访问的文件。一个例子是上传照片。我需要访问文件系统上的文件，以便我可以使用 GD 更改图像或移动它们。但是我的用户还需要能够从像example.com/uploads/myphoto.jpg.
Because the upload path usually corresponds to the URL I made up a function that seems to work most of the time. Take these paths for example:
因为上传路径通常对应于 URL，所以我编写了一个似乎大部分时间都可以工作的函数。以这些路径为例：
File System /var/www/example.com/uploads/myphoto.jpg
文件系统 /var/www/example.com/uploads/myphoto.jpg
If I had a variable set to something like /var/www/example.com/then I could subtract it from the filesystem path and then use it as the URL to the image.
如果我有一个变量设置为类似的东西，/var/www/example.com/那么我可以从文件系统路径中减去它，然后将它用作图像的 URL。
/**
* Remove a given file system path from the file/path string.
* If the file/path does not contain the given path - return FALSE.
* @param string $file
* @param string $path
* @return mixed
*/
function remove_path($file, $path = UPLOAD_PATH) {
if(strpos($file, $path) !== FALSE) {
return substr($file, strlen($path));
}
}
$file = /var/www/example.com/uploads/myphoto.jpg;
print remove_path($file, /var/www/site.com/);
//prints "uploads/myphoto.jpg"
Does anyone know of a better way to handle this?
有谁知道处理这个问题的更好方法？
回答by Tyler Carter
Assume the directory is /path/to/root/document_root/user/fileand the address is site.com/user/file
假设目录是/path/to/root/document_root/user/file，地址是site.com/user/file
The first function I am showing will get the current file's name relative to the World Wide Web Address.
我展示的第一个函数将获取当前文件相对于万维网地址的名称。
$path = $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'] . $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'];
and would result in:
并会导致：
site.com/user/file
The second function strips the given path of the document root.
第二个函数删除文档根的给定路径。
$path = str_replace($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'], '', $path)
Given I passed in /path/to/root/document_root/user/file, I would get
鉴于我通过了/path/to/root/document_root/user/file，我会得到
/user/file
回答by George
More accurate way (including host port) would be to use this
更准确的方法（包括主机端口）是使用这个
function path2url($file, $Protocol='http://') {
return $Protocol.$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].str_replace($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'], '', $file);
}
回答by Philippe Gerber
IMHO such automation is really error prone. You're far better off using some explicit path helpers (eg. one for uploads, one for user pics, etc) or just encapsulate for example an uploaded file with a class.
恕我直言，这种自动化真的很容易出错。您最好使用一些显式路径助手（例如，一个用于上传，一个用于用户图片等）或者只是封装例如带有类的上传文件。
// Some "pseudo code"
$file = UploadedFile::copy($_FILES['foo']);
$file->getPath(); // /var/www/example.org/uploads/foo.ext
$file->getUri(); // http://example.org/uploads/foo.ext
回答by random
Make it easy on yourself and just define the correct locations for both the filesystem and web folders and prepend the image filename with them.
让自己轻松一点，只需为文件系统和 web 文件夹定义正确的位置，并在图像文件名前加上它们。
Somewhere, you'd declare:
在某个地方，你会声明：
define('PATH_IMAGES_FS', '/var/www/example.com/uploads/');
define('PATH_IMAGES_WEB', 'uploads/');
Then you can just swap between paths depending on your need:
然后您可以根据需要在路径之间交换：
$image_file = 'myphoto.jpg';
$file = PATH_IMAGES_FS.$image_file;
//-- stores: /var/www/example.com/uploads/myphoto.jpg
print PATH_IMAGES_WEB.$image_file;
//-- prints: uploads/myphoto.jpg
回答by 5teve23
Try this:
尝试这个：
$imgUrl = str_replace($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'], '', $imgPath)
回答by Daban
I've used this and worked with me:
我已经使用过它并与我一起工作：
$file_path=str_replace('\','/',__file__);
$file_path=str_replace($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'],'',$file_path);
$path='http://'.$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].'/'.$file_path;
And if you need the directory name in url format add this line:
如果您需要 url 格式的目录名称，请添加以下行：
define('URL_DIR',dirname($path));
回答by Fandi Susanto
The code below is well commented:
下面的代码有很好的注释：
function pathToURL($path) {
//Replace backslashes to slashes if exists, because no URL use backslashes
$path = str_replace("\", "/", realpath($path));
//if the $path does not contain the document root in it, then it is not reachable
$pos = strpos($path, $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']);
if ($pos === false) return false;
//just cut the DOCUMENT_ROOT part of the $path
return substr($path, strlen($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']));
//Note: usually /images is the same with http://somedomain.com/images,
// So let's not bother adding domain name here.
}
echo pathToURL('some/path/on/public/html');
回答by T.Todua
For example, i used this one to convert C:\WAMP\WWW\myfolder\document.txtto http://example.com/myfolder/document.txtuse this one:
例如，我使用这个转换C:\WAMP\WWW\myfolder\document.txt为http://example.com/myfolder/document.txt使用这个：
$file_path=str_replace('\','/',$file_path);
$file_path=str_replace($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'],'',$file_path);
$file_path='http://'.$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].$file_path;
回答by Anderson Krüger
This simple snippet can convert the file path to file's url on the server. Some settings like protocol and port should be kept.
这个简单的片段可以将文件路径转换为服务器上文件的 url。应该保留一些设置，如协议和端口。
$filePath = str_replace('\','/',$filePath);
$ssl = (!empty($_SERVER['HTTPS']) && $_SERVER['HTTPS'] == 'on') ? true : false;
$sp = strtolower($_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL']);
$protocol = substr($sp, 0, strpos($sp, '/')) . (($ssl) ? 's' : '');
$port = $_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'];
$stringPort = ((!$ssl && $port == '80') || ($ssl && $port == '443')) ? '' : ':' . $port;
$host = isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_HOST']) ? $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_HOST'] : isset($_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']) ? $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] : $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'];
$fileUrl = str_replace($_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] ,$protocol . '://' . $host . $stringPort, $filePath);
回答by Nandiin Borjigin
I always use symlinks in my local development environment and @George's approach fails in this case:
我总是在本地开发环境中使用符号链接，@George 的方法在这种情况下失败：
The DOCUMENT_ROOTis set to /Library/WebServer/Documentsand there is a symlink /Library/WebServer/Documents/repo1 -> /Users/me/dev/web/repo1
该DOCUMENT_ROOT设置为/Library/WebServer/Documents，有一个符号链接/Library/WebServer/Documents/repo1 -> /Users/me/dev/web/repo1
Assume that following codes are in /Users/me/dev/web/repo1/example.php
假设以下代码在 /Users/me/dev/web/repo1/example.php
$_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] == "/Library/WebServer/Documents" //default on OS X
while
尽管
realpath('./some/relative.file') == "/Users/me/dev/web/repo1/some/relative.file"
Thus, replacing DOCUMENT_ROOTwith HTTP_HOSTdoesn't work.
因此，替换DOCUMENT_ROOT为HTTP_HOST不起作用。
I come up with this little trick:
我想出了这个小技巧：
function path2url($path) {
$pos = strrpos(__FILE__, $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']);
return substr(realpath($path), $pos);
}
// where
__FILE__ == "/Users/me/dev/web/repo1/example.php"
$_SERVER['PHP_SELF'] == "/web/repo1/example.php"
realpath("./some/relative.file") == "/Users/me/dev/web/repo1/some/relative.file"
// If I cut off the pre-fix part from realpath($path),
// the remainder will be full path relative to virtual host root
path2url("./some/relative.file") == "/web/repo1/some/relative.file"
I think it's good practice to fore-prevent the potential bugs even we are not likely to use symlinks in production environment.
我认为即使我们不太可能在生产环境中使用符号链接，预防潜在的错误也是一种很好的做法。
