如何在 Linux shell 脚本中提示是/否/取消输入？
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How do I prompt for Yes/No/Cancel input in a Linux shell script?
提问by Myrddin Emrys
I want to pause input in a shell script, and prompt the user for choices.
The standard Yes, No, or Canceltype question.
How do I accomplish this in a typical bash prompt?
我想在 shell 脚本中暂停输入，并提示用户进行选择。
标准Yes、No或Cancel类型问题。
如何在典型的 bash 提示符下完成此操作？
采纳答案by Myrddin Emrys
The simplest and most widely available method to get user input at a shell prompt is the readcommand. The best way to illustrate its use is a simple demonstration:
在 shell 提示符下获取用户输入的最简单和最广泛可用的方法是read命令。说明其使用的最佳方式是一个简单的演示：
while true; do
read -p "Do you wish to install this program?" yn
case $yn in
[Yy]* ) make install; break;;
[Nn]* ) exit;;
* ) echo "Please answer yes or no.";;
esac
done
Another method, pointed outby Steven Huwig, is Bash's selectcommand. Here is the same example using select:
另一种方法，指出了由史蒂芬Huwig，是bash的select命令。这是使用 的相同示例select：
echo "Do you wish to install this program?"
select yn in "Yes" "No"; do
case $yn in
Yes ) make install; break;;
No ) exit;;
esac
done
With selectyou don't need to sanitize the input – it displays the available choices, and you type a number corresponding to your choice. It also loops automatically, so there's no need for a while trueloop to retry if they give invalid input.
随着select你并不需要净化输入-它显示可用的选项，你键入相应的你的选择一个号码。它还会自动循环，因此while true如果它们提供无效输入，则无需循环重试。
Also, Léa Grisdemonstrated a way to make the request language agnostic in her answer. Adapting my first example to better serve multiple languages might look like this:
此外，Léa Gris在她的回答中展示了一种使请求语言不可知的方法。调整我的第一个示例以更好地服务于多种语言可能如下所示：
set -- $(locale LC_MESSAGES)
yesptrn=""; noptrn=""; yesword=""; noword=""
while true; do
read -p "Install (${yesword} / ${noword})? " yn
case $yn in
${yesptrn##^} ) make install; break;;
${noptrn##^} ) exit;;
* ) echo "Answer ${yesword} / ${noword}.";;
esac
done
Obviously other communication strings remain untranslated here (Install, Answer) which would need to be addressed in a more fully completed translation, but even a partial translation would be helpful in many cases.
显然，其他通信字符串在此处仍未翻译（安装、回答），这需要在更完整的翻译中解决，但在许多情况下，即使是部分翻译也会有所帮助。
Finally, please check out the excellent answerby F. Hauri.
回答by Pistos
echo "Please enter some input: "
read input_variable
echo "You entered: $input_variable"
回答by SumoRunner
inquire () {
echo -n " [y/n]? "
read answer
finish="-1"
while [ "$finish" = '-1' ]
do
finish="1"
if [ "$answer" = '' ];
then
answer=""
else
case $answer in
y | Y | yes | YES ) answer="y";;
n | N | no | NO ) answer="n";;
*) finish="-1";
echo -n 'Invalid response -- please reenter:';
read answer;;
esac
fi
done
}
... other stuff
inquire "Install now?"
...
回答by Osama Al-Maadeed
I suggest you use dialog...
我建议你使用对话框...
Linux Apprentice: Improve Bash Shell Scripts Using Dialog
The dialog command enables the use of window boxes in shell scripts to make their use more interactive.
Linux 学徒：使用对话框改进 Bash Shell 脚本
dialog 命令允许在 shell 脚本中使用窗口框，以使其使用更具交互性。
it's simple and easy to use, there's also a gnome version called gdialog that takes the exact same parameters, but shows it GUI style on X.
它简单易用，还有一个名为 gdialog 的 gnome 版本，它采用完全相同的参数，但在 X 上显示 GUI 样式。
回答by Steven Huwig
回答by serg
read -p "Are you alright? (y/n) " RESP
if [ "$RESP" = "y" ]; then
echo "Glad to hear it"
else
echo "You need more bash programming"
fi
回答by yPhil
You can use the built-in readcommand ; Use the -poption to prompt the user with a question.
您可以使用内置的读取命令；使用该-p选项来提示用户一个问题。
Since BASH4, you can now use -ito suggest an answer :
从 BASH4 开始，您现在可以使用-i来建议答案：
read -e -p "Enter the path to the file: " -i "/usr/local/etc/" FILEPATH
echo $FILEPATH
(But remember to use the "readline" option -eto allow line editing with arrow keys)
（但请记住使用“readline”选项-e以允许使用箭头键进行行编辑）
If you want a "yes / no" logic, you can do something like this:
如果您想要“是/否”逻辑，您可以执行以下操作：
read -e -p "
List the content of your home dir ? [Y/n] " YN
[[ $YN == "y" || $YN == "Y" || $YN == "" ]] && ls -la ~/
回答by ThatLinuxGuy
Use the readcommand:
使用read命令：
echo Would you like to install? "(Y or N)"
read x
# now check if $x is "y"
if [ "$x" = "y" ]; then
# do something here!
fi
and then all of the other stuff you need
然后你需要的所有其他东西
回答by mpen
Here's something I put together:
这是我整理的一些东西：
#!/bin/sh
promptyn () {
while true; do
read -p " " yn
case $yn in
[Yy]* ) return 0;;
[Nn]* ) return 1;;
* ) echo "Please answer yes or no.";;
esac
done
}
if promptyn "is the sky blue?"; then
echo "yes"
else
echo "no"
fi
I'm a beginner, so take this with a grain of salt, but it seems to work.
我是初学者，所以请谨慎对待，但它似乎有效。
回答by jlettvin
yn() {
if [[ 'y' == `read -s -n 1 -p "[y/n]: " Y; echo $Y` ]];
then eval ;
else eval ;
fi }
yn 'echo yes' 'echo no'
yn 'echo absent no function works too!'
