.NET WCF错误生成不正确的SOAP 1.1错误代码值
我正在尝试使用FaultException和FaultException <T>确定我们应用程序中的最佳用法模式。我们需要支持WCF以及非WCF服务使用者/客户端,包括SOAP 1.1和SOAP 1.2客户端。
仅供参考:将FaultExceptions与wsHttpBinding一起使用会导致SOAP 1.2语义,而将FaultExceptions与basicHttpBinding一起使用会导致SOAP 1.1语义。
我正在使用以下代码抛出FaultException <FaultDetails>:
throw new FaultException<FaultDetails>( new FaultDetails("Throwing FaultException<FaultDetails>."), new FaultReason("Testing fault exceptions."), FaultCode.CreateSenderFaultCode(new FaultCode("MySubFaultCode")) );
FaultDetails类只是一个简单的测试类,其中包含字符串" Message"属性,如下所示。
使用wsHttpBinding时,响应为:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?> <Fault xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope"> <Code> <Value>Sender</Value> <Subcode> <Value>MySubFaultCode</Value> </Subcode> </Code> <Reason> <Text xml:lang="en-US">Testing fault exceptions.</Text> </Reason> <Detail> <FaultDetails xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/ClassLibrary" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <Message>Throwing FaultException<FaultDetails>.</Message> </FaultDetails> </Detail>
根据SOAP 1.2规范,这看起来不错。主/根代码是发件人,其子代码为MySubFaultCode。如果服务使用者/客户端使用WCF,则客户端的FaultException也将模拟相同的结构,其中faultException.Code.Name为Sender,faultException.Code.SubCode.Name为MySubFaultCode。
使用basicHttpBinding时,响应为:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?> <s:Fault xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <faultcode>s:MySubFaultCode</faultcode> <faultstring xml:lang="en-US">Testing fault exceptions.</faultstring> <detail> <FaultDetails xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/ClassLibrary" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> <Message>Throwing FaultException<FaultDetails>.</Message> </FaultDetails> </detail> </s:Fault>
这看起来不对。看一下SOAP 1.1规范,当我使用FaultCode.CreateSenderFaultCode(new FaultCode(" MySubFaultCode"))时,我期望看到的故障代码的值为s:Client.MySubFaultCode。此外,WCF客户端的结构也不正确。 faultException.Code.Name为MySubFaultCode而不是Sender,faultException.Code.SubCode为null而不是faultException.Code.SubCode.Name为MySubFaultCode。另外,faultException.Code.IsSenderFault为false。
使用FaultCode.CreateReceiverFaultCode(new FaultCode(" MySubFaultCode"))时出现类似问题:
- 可以像SOAP 1.2预期的那样工作
- 生成s:MySubFaultCode而不是s:Server.MySubFaultCode,并且对于SOAP 1.1,faultException.Code.IsReceiverFault为false
此项目也在2006年由其他人发布在http://forums.microsoft.com/MSDN/ShowPost.aspx?PostID=669420&SiteID=1上,没有人回答。我很难相信没有人遇到过这种情况。
这是其他有类似问题的人:http://forums.microsoft.com/msdn/ShowPost.aspx?PostID=3883110&SiteID=1&mode=1
Microsoft Connect错误:https://connect.microsoft.com/wcf/feedback/ViewFeedback.aspx?FeedbackID=367963
故障应该如何工作的描述:http://blogs.msdn.com/drnick/archive/2006/12/19/creating-faults-part-3.aspx
我是在做错什么,还是WCF中的错误?
解决方案
回答
这是我当前的解决方法:
/// <summary> /// Replacement for the static methods on FaultCode to generate Sender and Receiver fault codes due /// to what seems like bugs in the implementation for basicHttpBinding (SOAP 1.1). wsHttpBinding /// (SOAP 1.2) seems to work just fine. /// /// The subCode parameter for FaultCode.CreateReceiverFaultCode and FaultCode.CreateSenderFaultCode /// seem to take over the main 'faultcode' value in the SOAP 1.1 response, whereas in SOAP 1.2 the /// subCode is correctly put under the 'Code->SubCode->Value' value in the XML response. /// /// This workaround is to create the FaultCode with Sender/Receiver (SOAP 1.2 terms, but gets /// translated by WCF depending on the binding) and an agnostic namespace found by using reflector /// on the FaultCode class. When that NS is passed in WCF seems to be able to generate the proper /// response with SOAP 1.1 (Client/Server) and SOAP 1.2 (Sender/Receiver) fault codes automatically. /// /// This means that it is not possible to create a FaultCode that works in both bindings with /// subcodes. /// </summary> /// <remarks> /// See http://stackoverflow.com/questions/65008/net-wcf-faults-generating-incorrect-soap-11-faultcode-values /// for more details. /// </remarks> public static class FaultCodeFactory { private const string _ns = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2005/05/envelope/none"; /// <summary> /// Creates a sender fault code. /// </summary> /// <returns>A FaultCode object.</returns> /// <remarks>Does not support subcodes due to a WCF bug.</remarks> public static FaultCode CreateSenderFaultCode() { return new FaultCode("Sender", _ns); } /// <summary> /// Creates a receiver fault code. /// </summary> /// <returns>A FaultCode object.</returns> /// <remarks>Does not support subcodes due to a WCF bug.</remarks> public static FaultCode CreateReceiverFaultCode() { return new FaultCode("Receiver", _ns); } }
可悲的是,我没有一种使用子代码而不破坏SOAP 1.1或者1.2客户端的方法。
如果使用Code.SubCode语法,则可以创建与SOAP 1.1兼容的故障代码值,但它会破坏SOAP 1.2.
如果我们在.NET中使用适当的子代码支持(通过静态FaultCode方法或者通过重载之一),它将破坏SOAP 1.1,但可以在SOAP 1.2中使用。
回答
微软的回应:
如http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms789039.aspx中所述,Soap 1.1规范中概述了两种用于自定义故障代码的方法:
(1)使用我们描述的"点"符号
(2)定义全新的故障代码
不幸的是,应该避免使用"点"符号,因为在WS-I Basic Profile规范中不鼓励使用它。本质上,这意味着使用Soap 1.1时,Soap 1.2故障子代码没有真正的等效项。
因此,在生成故障时,我们必须了解绑定中定义的MessageVersion,并相应地生成故障代码。
由于"发件人"和"接收者"不是Soap 1.1的有效故障代码,并且没有真正等同的故障子代码,因此在为Soap 1.1生成自定义故障代码时,不应使用CreateSenderFaultCode和CreateReceiverFaultCode方法。
相反,我们需要使用自己的名称空间和名称来定义自己的故障代码:
FaultCode customFaultCode =新的FaultCode(localName,faultNamespace);