在 Python 2.7 中模拟按键事件
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Simulating a key press event in Python 2.7
提问by Piotr Dabkowski
What I want to do is to press any keyboard key from the Python script level on Windows. I have tried SendKeys but it works only on python 2.6. Other methods that I have tried including
我想要做的是从 Windows 上的 Python 脚本级别按下任何键盘键。我试过 SendKeys，但它只适用于 python 2.6。我尝试过的其他方法包括
import win32com.client
win32com.client.Dispatch("WScript.Shell").SendKeys('String to be typed')
allow only to type strings from the script level but dont allow to press ENTER and other 'special' keys.
只允许从脚本级别输入字符串，但不允许按 ENTER 和其他“特殊”键。
Therefore my question is: How can I simulate any keyboard key press event from python script level including 'special' ones like ENTER, CTRL, ESC etc.
因此，我的问题是：如何从 python 脚本级别模拟任何键盘按键事件，包括“特殊”事件，如 ENTER、CTRL、ESC 等。
It would be also very helpful if it is possible to hold a key pressed down for any specified time and press a combination of keys like Alt+F4.
如果可以在任何指定时间内按住某个键并按下 Alt+F4 等组合键，这也将非常有用。
采纳答案by Piotr Dabkowski
I wrote this code more than 1 year ago so it is not perfect but it works:
我在一年多前写了这段代码，所以它并不完美，但它有效：
from win32api import keybd_event
import time
import random
Combs = {
'A': [
'SHIFT',
'a'],
'B': [
'SHIFT',
'b'],
'C': [
'SHIFT',
'c'],
'D': [
'SHIFT',
'd'],
'E': [
'SHIFT',
'e'],
'F': [
'SHIFT',
'f'],
'G': [
'SHIFT',
'g'],
'H': [
'SHIFT',
'h'],
'I': [
'SHIFT',
'i'],
'J': [
'SHIFT',
'j'],
'K': [
'SHIFT',
'k'],
'L': [
'SHIFT',
'l'],
'M': [
'SHIFT',
'm'],
'N': [
'SHIFT',
'n'],
'O': [
'SHIFT',
'o'],
'P': [
'SHIFT',
'p'],
'R': [
'SHIFT',
'r'],
'S': [
'SHIFT',
's'],
'T': [
'SHIFT',
't'],
'U': [
'SHIFT',
'u'],
'W': [
'SHIFT',
'w'],
'X': [
'SHIFT',
'x'],
'Y': [
'SHIFT',
'y'],
'Z': [
'SHIFT',
'z'],
'V': [
'SHIFT',
'v'],
'Q': [
'SHIFT',
'q'],
'?': [
'SHIFT',
'/'],
'>': [
'SHIFT',
'.'],
'<': [
'SHIFT',
','],
'"': [
'SHIFT',
"'"],
':': [
'SHIFT',
';'],
'|': [
'SHIFT',
'\'],
'}': [
'SHIFT',
']'],
'{': [
'SHIFT',
'['],
'+': [
'SHIFT',
'='],
'_': [
'SHIFT',
'-'],
'!': [
'SHIFT',
'1'],
'@': [
'SHIFT',
'2'],
'#': [
'SHIFT',
'3'],
'$': [
'SHIFT',
'4'],
'%': [
'SHIFT',
'5'],
'^': [
'SHIFT',
'6'],
'&': [
'SHIFT',
'7'],
'*': [
'SHIFT',
'8'],
'(': [
'SHIFT',
'9'],
')': [
'SHIFT',
'0'] }
Base = {
'0': 48,
'1': 49,
'2': 50,
'3': 51,
'4': 52,
'5': 53,
'6': 54,
'7': 55,
'8': 56,
'9': 57,
'a': 65,
'b': 66,
'c': 67,
'd': 68,
'e': 69,
'f': 70,
'g': 71,
'h': 72,
'i': 73,
'j': 74,
'k': 75,
'l': 76,
'm': 77,
'n': 78,
'o': 79,
'p': 80,
'q': 81,
'r': 82,
's': 83,
't': 84,
'u': 85,
'v': 86,
'w': 87,
'x': 88,
'y': 89,
'z': 90,
'.': 190,
'-': 189,
',': 188,
'=': 187,
'/': 191,
';': 186,
'[': 219,
']': 221,
'\': 220,
"'": 222,
'ALT': 18,
'TAB': 9,
'CAPSLOCK': 20,
'ENTER': 13,
'BS': 8,
'CTRL': 17,
'ESC': 27,
' ': 32,
'END': 35,
'DOWN': 40,
'LEFT': 37,
'UP': 38,
'RIGHT': 39,
'SELECT': 41,
'PRINTSCR': 44,
'INS': 45,
'DEL': 46,
'LWIN': 91,
'RWIN': 92,
'LSHIFT': 160,
'SHIFT': 161,
'LCTRL': 162,
'RCTRL': 163,
'VOLUP': 175,
'DOLDOWN': 174,
'NUMLOCK': 144,
'SCROLL': 145 }
def KeyUp(Key):
keybd_event(Key, 0, 2, 0)
def KeyDown(Key):
keybd_event(Key, 0, 1, 0)
def Press(Key, speed=1):
rest_time = 0.05/speed
if Key in Base:
Key = Base[Key]
KeyDown(Key)
time.sleep(rest_time)
KeyUp(Key)
return True
if Key in Combs:
KeyDown(Base[Combs[Key][0]])
time.sleep(rest_time)
KeyDown(Base[Combs[Key][1]])
time.sleep(rest_time)
KeyUp(Base[Combs[Key][1]])
time.sleep(rest_time)
KeyUp(Base[Combs[Key][0]])
return True
return False
def Write(Str, speed = 1):
for s in Str:
Press(s, speed)
time.sleep((0.1 + random.random()/10.0) / float(speed))
Example:
例子：
>>> Write('Hello, World!', speed=3)
Hello, World!
>>> Press('ENTER')
If you want to implement some more keys then you can find their codes here. And just add these keys to the Base dictionary.
如果你想实现更多的键，那么你可以在这里找到它们的代码。只需将这些键添加到 Base 字典中即可。
