C++ Cmake 找不到 Boost 库
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Cmake cannot find Boost libraries
提问by user1382494
I am new to Cmake and boost libraries in C++. I am working on a project that needs boost and Cmake. I am using Cmake version 2.8.11, MS Visual Studio 2013 and Boost 1.54.0. When I try to configure from Cmake, it is giving the following error:
我是 Cmake 和 C++ 中的 boost 库的新手。我正在做一个需要 boost 和 Cmake 的项目。我使用的是 Cmake 2.8.11 版、MS Visual Studio 2013 和 Boost 1.54.0。当我尝试从 Cmake 进行配置时，出现以下错误：
CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1106 (message):
Unable to find the requested Boost libraries.
Boost version: 1.54.0
Boost include path: D:/boost_1_54_0
The following Boost libraries could not be found:
boost_thread
boost_system
boost_log
boost_log_setup
boost_program_options
No Boost libraries were found. You may need to set BOOST_LIBRARYDIR to the
directory containing Boost libraries or BOOST_ROOT to the location of Boost.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
CMakeLists.txt:20 (find_package)
I have seen quite a few questions related to mine and tried, but all went in vain. My Cmakelists.txt file looks like this:
我已经看到很多与我相关的问题并尝试过，但都是徒劳的。我的 Cmakelists.txt 文件如下所示：
################################
# Boost
################################
ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DBOOST_LOG_DYN_LINK)
ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DBoost_USE_STATIC_LIBS=ON)
set_property(GLOBAL PROPERTY FIND_LIBRARY_USE_LIB64_PATHS ON)
set(Boost_INCLUDE_DIR D:/boost_1_54_0)
set(Boost_LIBRARY_DIR D:/boost_1_54_0/stage/lib)
find_package( Boost 1.54.0 REQUIRED thread system log log_setup program_options)
find_package( Threads )
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES( ${Boost_INCLUDE_DIR} )
LINK_DIRECTORIES(${Boost_LIBRARY_DIR})
The CMake output after setting Boost_DEBUG ON is as follows:
设置Boost_DEBUG ON后的CMake输出如下：
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:476 ] _boost_TEST_VERSIONS = 1.56.0;1.56;1.55.0;1.55;1.54.0;1.54
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:478 ] Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED = TRUE
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:480 ] Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS = TRUE
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:482 ] Boost_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME =
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:484 ] Boost_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS =
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:486 ] Boost_NO_SYSTEM_PATHS =
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:538 ] Declared as CMake or Environmental Variables:
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:540 ] BOOST_ROOT = D:/boost_1_54_0
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:542 ] BOOST_INCLUDEDIR =
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:544 ] BOOST_LIBRARYDIR =
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:546 ] _boost_TEST_VERSIONS = 1.56.0;1.56;1.55.0;1.55;1.54.0;1.54
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:615 ] Include debugging info:
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:617 ] _boost_INCLUDE_SEARCH_DIRS = D:/boost_1_54_0/include;D:/boost_1_54_0;PATHS;C:/boost/include;C:/boost;/sw/local/include
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:619 ] _boost_PATH_SUFFIXES = boost-1_56_0;boost_1_56_0;boost/boost-1_56_0;boost/boost_1_56_0;boost-1_56;boost_1_56;boost/boost-1_56;boost/boost_1_56;boost-1_55_0;boost_1_55_0;boost/boost-1_55_0;boost/boost_1_55_0;boost-1_55;boost_1_55;boost/boost-1_55;boost/boost_1_55;boost-1_54_0;boost_1_54_0;boost/boost-1_54_0;boost/boost_1_54_0;boost-1_54;boost_1_54;boost/boost-1_54;boost/boost_1_54
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:639 ] location of version.hpp: D:/boost_1_54_0/boost/version.hpp
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:663 ] version.hpp reveals boost 1.54.0
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:739 ] guessed _boost_COMPILER = -vc120
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:749 ] _boost_MULTITHREADED = -mt
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:792 ] _boost_RELEASE_ABI_TAG = -
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:794 ] _boost_DEBUG_ABI_TAG = -gd
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:842 ] _boost_LIBRARY_SEARCH_DIRS = D:/boost_1_54_0/lib;D:/boost_1_54_0/stage/lib;D:/boost_1_54_0/lib;D:/boost_1_54_0/../lib;D:/boost_1_54_0/stage/lib;PATHS;C:/boost/lib;C:/boost;/sw/local/lib
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:930 ] Searching for THREAD_LIBRARY_RELEASE: libboost_thread-vc120-mt-1_54;libboost_thread-vc120-mt;libboost_thread-mt-1_54;libboost_thread-mt;libboost_thread;libboost_thread-vc120-mt-s-1_54;libboost_thread-vc120-mt-s;libboost_thread-mt-s-1_54;libboost_thread-mt-s
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:966 ] Searching for THREAD_LIBRARY_DEBUG: libboost_thread-vc120-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_thread-vc120-mt-gd;libboost_thread-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_thread-mt-gd;libboost_thread-mt;libboost_thread;libboost_thread-vc120-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_thread-vc120-mt-s-gd;libboost_thread-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_thread-mt-s-gd
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:930 ] Searching for SYSTEM_LIBRARY_RELEASE: libboost_system-vc120-mt-1_54;libboost_system-vc120-mt;libboost_system-mt-1_54;libboost_system-mt;libboost_system;libboost_system-vc120-mt-s-1_54;libboost_system-vc120-mt-s;libboost_system-mt-s-1_54;libboost_system-mt-s
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:966 ] Searching for SYSTEM_LIBRARY_DEBUG: libboost_system-vc120-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_system-vc120-mt-gd;libboost_system-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_system-mt-gd;libboost_system-mt;libboost_system;libboost_system-vc120-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_system-vc120-mt-s-gd;libboost_system-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_system-mt-s-gd
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:930 ] Searching for LOG_LIBRARY_RELEASE: libboost_log-vc120-mt-1_54;libboost_log-vc120-mt;libboost_log-mt-1_54;libboost_log-mt;libboost_log;libboost_log-vc120-mt-s-1_54;libboost_log-vc120-mt-s;libboost_log-mt-s-1_54;libboost_log-mt-s
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:966 ] Searching for LOG_LIBRARY_DEBUG: libboost_log-vc120-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_log-vc120-mt-gd;libboost_log-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_log-mt-gd;libboost_log-mt;libboost_log;libboost_log-vc120-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_log-vc120-mt-s-gd;libboost_log-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_log-mt-s-gd
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:930 ] Searching for LOG_SETUP_LIBRARY_RELEASE: libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt-1_54;libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt;libboost_log_setup-mt-1_54;libboost_log_setup-mt;libboost_log_setup;libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt-s-1_54;libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt-s;libboost_log_setup-mt-s-1_54;libboost_log_setup-mt-s
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:966 ] Searching for LOG_SETUP_LIBRARY_DEBUG: libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt-gd;libboost_log_setup-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_log_setup-mt-gd;libboost_log_setup-mt;libboost_log_setup;libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_log_setup-vc120-mt-s-gd;libboost_log_setup-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_log_setup-mt-s-gd
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:930 ] Searching for PROGRAM_OPTIONS_LIBRARY_RELEASE: libboost_program_options-vc120-mt-1_54;libboost_program_options-vc120-mt;libboost_program_options-mt-1_54;libboost_program_options-mt;libboost_program_options;libboost_program_options-vc120-mt-s-1_54;libboost_program_options-vc120-mt-s;libboost_program_options-mt-s-1_54;libboost_program_options-mt-s
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:966 ] Searching for PROGRAM_OPTIONS_LIBRARY_DEBUG: libboost_program_options-vc120-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_program_options-vc120-mt-gd;libboost_program_options-mt-gd-1_54;libboost_program_options-mt-gd;libboost_program_options-mt;libboost_program_options;libboost_program_options-vc120-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_program_options-vc120-mt-s-gd;libboost_program_options-mt-s-gd-1_54;libboost_program_options-mt-s-gd
[ C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1017 ] Boost_FOUND = 1
CMake Error at C:/Program Files/CMake 2.8/share/cmake-2.8/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:1106 (message):
Unable to find the requested Boost libraries.
Boost version: 1.54.0
Boost include path: D:/boost_1_54_0
The following Boost libraries could not be found:
boost_thread
boost_system
boost_log
boost_log_setup
boost_program_options
No Boost libraries were found. You may need to set BOOST_LIBRARYDIR to the
directory containing Boost libraries or BOOST_ROOT to the location of
Boost.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
CMakeLists.txt:26 (find_package)
I have also tried writing set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON), but unfortunately it did not help. Suggestions are most welcome. Thanks.
我也试过写 set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)，但不幸的是它没有帮助。建议是最受欢迎的。谢谢。
回答by Alexander Shukaev
Your configuration looks a bit weird and dirty. Especially things like:
你的配置看起来有点奇怪和脏。尤其是这样的事情：
ADD_DEFINITIONS(-DBoost_USE_STATIC_LIBS=ON)
It's not a C/C++ preprocessor definition! It's a CMake variable which is used to control how CMake will define the linkage stage of your project with Boost libraries.
它不是 C/C++ 预处理器定义！它是一个 CMake 变量，用于控制 CMake 如何定义项目与 Boost 库的链接阶段。
If you properly compiled Boost and didn't mess up anything, then the directory structure usually looks like this:
如果你正确编译了 Boost 并且没有弄乱任何东西，那么目录结构通常如下所示：
<boost-dir>
include
boost
accumulators
...
aligned_storage.hpp
...
lib
libboost_atomic-mt-s.a
...
NOTE:The root directory of Boost, <boost-dir>, appears to be D:/boost_1_54_0in your case.
注意：Boost 的根目录<boost-dir>, 似乎是D:/boost_1_54_0您的情况。
If in your case it does not look like above, then I'd suggest to rearrange it manually to the one above since, once again, this is how it should be.
如果在您的情况下它看起来不像上面那样，那么我建议手动将其重新排列为上面的那个，因为再一次，这应该是这样的。
When done, let's do some CMake configuration. I suggest to keep things simple and clean in the first place, and obey the CMake conventions. Test the following:
完成后，让我们做一些 CMake 配置。我建议首先保持简单和干净，并遵守 CMake 约定。测试以下内容：
set(BOOST_INCLUDEDIR D:/boost_1_54_0/include)
set(BOOST_LIBRARYDIR D:/boost_1_54_0/lib)
NOTE:You can find thorough description of both of these variables at the top of FindBoost.cmake.
注意：您可以在FindBoost.cmake.
set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)
set(Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED ON)
NOTE:This is how you enforce static linkage by setting the CMake variable properly, but not like you did by setting a non-existent C/C++ preprocessor definition.
注意：这是通过正确设置 CMake 变量来强制执行静态链接的方式，但与设置不存在的 C/C++ 预处理器定义不同。
find_package(Boost
1.54.0
COMPONENTS thread
system
log
log_setup
program_options
REQUIRED)
include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
target_link_libraries(<target_name> ${Boost_LIBRARIES})
NOTE:Instead of <target_name>, put the name of the target that you wish to build (executable, static/shared library, etc.).
注意：代替<target_name>，输入您希望构建的目标的名称（可执行文件、静态/共享库等）。
回答by Vertexwahn
Boost 1.54.0 cannot be built with VS2013 without applying some patches. See also here How do I build boost with new Visual Studio 2013 preview?
Boost 1.54.0 不能在不应用一些补丁的情况下用 VS2013 构建。另请参阅此处如何使用新的 Visual Studio 2013 预览版构建提升？
If you build it correctly, everything else should work.
如果您正确构建它，其他一切都应该正常工作。
回答by Eryue
In the lib folder, rename:libboost_thread-vc100-mt-1_49.libto boost_thread-vc100-mt-1_49.liblibboost_thread-vc100-mt-gd-1_49.libto boost_thread-vc100-mt-gd-1_49.lib
... and so on. Then they can be found.
在lib文件夹，重命名：libboost_thread-vc100-mt-1_49.lib要boost_thread-vc100-mt-1_49.liblibboost_thread-vc100-mt-gd-1_49.lib以boost_thread-vc100-mt-gd-1_49.lib
...等等。然后可以找到它们。
