C++：获取临时文件，跨平台
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5586355/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
C++: Getting a temporary file, cross-platform
提问by orlp
I'm looking for a cross-platform way of getting designated a temporary file. For example in linux that would be in the /tmpdir and in Windows in some crappy named Internet Explorer temp dir.
我正在寻找一种跨平台的方式来指定一个临时文件。例如，在 linux 中，该/tmp目录位于dir 中，而在 Windows 中，则位于一些蹩脚的 Internet Explorer 临时目录中。
Does a cross-platform (Boost?) solution to this exist?
是否存在跨平台（Boost？）解决方案？
EDIT:
编辑：
I need this file to exist until the program terminates. tmpfile()does not guarantee that. Quoting from ccpreference:
我需要这个文件存在直到程序终止。tmpfile()不保证。从 ccpreference 引用：
The temporary file created is automatically deleted when the stream is closed (fclose)or when the program terminates normally.
创建的临时文件在流关闭（fclose）或程序正常终止时自动删除。
回答by Robbie Morrison
The Boost Filesystemlibrary, from version 3 of that library, can be used to create a temporary file name. It also offers a crisp solution. Indeed, the following C++ code should be platform independent:
在提高文件系统库，该库的版本3，可用于创建一个临时文件名。它还提供了一个清晰的解决方案。实际上，以下 C++ 代码应该与平台无关：
// Boost.Filesystem VERSION 3 required
#include <string>
#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
boost::filesystem::path temp = boost::filesystem::unique_path();
const std::string tempstr = temp.native(); // optional
The filesystem path object tempcan be used to open a file or create a subdirectory, while the string object tempstroffers the same information as a string. See http://www.boost.orgfor more details.
文件系统路径对象temp可用于打开文件或创建子目录，而字符串对象tempstr提供与字符串相同的信息。有关更多详细信息，请参阅http://www.boost.org。
回答by Naszta
If you use Qt: QTemporaryFileclass is perfect.
如果您使用 Qt：QTemporaryFile类是完美的。
回答by Karel Petranek
The standard C library contains a function called tmpfile, it probably does what you need: http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/clibrary/cstdio/tmpfile/
标准 C 库包含一个名为 的函数tmpfile，它可能满足您的需求：http: //www.cplusplus.com/reference/clibrary/cstdio/tmpfile/
You can use it in C++ programs as well.
您也可以在 C++ 程序中使用它。
EDIT:
If you need only file name, you can use tmpnam, it doesn't delete the file when fclose is called. It returns full file path, including the temp directory.
编辑：
如果您只需要文件名，则可以使用tmpnam，它不会在调用 fclose 时删除文件。它返回完整的文件路径，包括临时目录。
The C way:
C方式：
const char *name = tmpnam(NULL); // Get temp name
FILE *fp = fopen(name, "w"); // Create the file
// ...
fclose(fp);
remove(name);
回答by James McNellis
You can use the C Standard Library function tmpfile.
您可以使用 C 标准库函数tmpfile。
回答by jwd
Edit:Espeically since you seem to like the idea of Boost, Robbie Morrison's answeris probably better for you.
编辑：特别是因为您似乎喜欢 Boost 的想法，Robbie Morrison 的回答可能更适合您。
My original answer remains below, but anyone reading this: please beware that tmpnam is unsafe. Further, some platforms (such as Windows) may have broken, buggy, braindead, or even missing implementations.
我的原始答案仍然在下面，但阅读本文的任何人：请注意 tmpnam 是不安全的。此外，某些平台（例如 Windows）可能已损坏、有问题、脑残，甚至缺少实现。
How about tmpnam, if you don't like tmpfile?
如何使用tmpnam，如果你不喜欢TMPFILE？
From the link:
从链接：
The file created this way, unlike those created with tmpfile is not automatically deleted when closed; You should call remove to delete this file once closed.
以这种方式创建的文件，与使用 tmpfile 创建的文件不同，关闭时不会自动删除；一旦关闭，您应该调用 remove 删除此文件。
Especially if you need another program to know the name of the file, this seems more appropriate, since tmpfile doesn't give you a name at all.
特别是如果您需要另一个程序来知道文件的名称，这似乎更合适，因为 tmpfile 根本不给您名称。
I believe it is not as secure though, if that's a concern. Here is a link describing some of those issues.
我相信它不是那么安全，如果这是一个问题。这是描述其中一些问题的链接。
Aside: Even if you wanted to use tmpfile, you should consider the more secure tmpfile_s(the MS docseven go so far as to call tmpfile "deprecated" though I doubt it would be removed from the C++ standard any decade soon). Regardless, neither of those retain the named file, which you require.
旁白：即使您想使用 tmpfile，您也应该考虑更安全的tmpfile_s（MS 文档甚至将 tmpfile 称为“已弃用”，尽管我怀疑它是否会在未来十年内从 C++ 标准中删除）。无论如何，它们都不会保留您需要的命名文件。
回答by havogt
Since C++17, you can use std::filesystem::temp_directory_path().
从 C++17 开始，您可以使用std::filesystem::temp_directory_path()。
回答by Mark B
There are much better ways to communicate between programs than random temporary files. Could you use a pipe for the communication instead? What about using a localhost socket?
有比随机临时文件更好的程序间通信方式。您可以使用管道进行通信吗？使用本地主机套接字怎么样？
If you insist on using files, just have your program use a name, possibly based on startup time.
如果您坚持使用文件，只需让您的程序使用一个名称，可能基于启动时间。
