Linux 在 Bash 中，如何在文件中的每一行后添加一个字符串？

In Bash, how do I add a string after each line in a file?

提问by Jason Volkoz

How do I add a string after each line in a file using bash? Can it be done using the sed command, if so how?

如何使用 bash 在文件中的每一行后添加一个字符串？可以使用 sed 命令完成吗，如果可以，怎么做？

采纳答案by Tom DeGisi

If your sedallows in place editing via the -iparameter:

如果您sed允许通过-i参数进行就地编辑：

sed -e 's/$/string after each line/' -i filename

If not, you have to make a temporary file:

如果没有，您必须制作一个临时文件：

typeset TMP_FILE=$( mktemp )

touch "${TMP_FILE}"
cp -p filename "${TMP_FILE}"
sed -e 's/$/string after each line/' "${TMP_FILE}" > filename

回答by hendry

Sed is a little ugly, you could do it elegantly like so:

Sed 有点难看，你可以像这样优雅地做到：

hendry@i7 tmp$ cat foo 
bar
candy
car
hendry@i7 tmp$ for i in `cat foo`; do echo ${i}bar; done
barbar
candybar
carbar

回答by martin clayton

If you have it, the lam(laminate) utility can do it, for example:

如果你有它，lam（层压）实用程序可以做到，例如：

$ lam filename -s "string after each line"

回答by Optimus Prime

I prefer using awk. If there is only one column, use $0, else replace it with the last column.

我更喜欢使用awk. 如果只有一列，请使用$0，否则将其替换为最后一列。

One way,

单程，

awk '{print 
awk '
suffix=foobar
while read l ; do printf '%s\n' "$l" "${suffix}" ; done < file | 
sponge file
=
suffix=foobar
xargs -L 1 printf "%s${suffix}\n" < file | sponge file
"string to append after each line"' file > new_file
, "string to append after each line"}' file > new_file

or this,

或这个，

suffix=foobar
join file file -e "${suffix}" -o 1.1,2.99999 | sponge file

回答by agc

1. Pure POSIX shelland sponge:

   suffix=foobar
   paste file <(yes "${suffix}" | head -$(wc -l < file) ) | sponge file
   

2. xargsand printf:

   suffix=foobar
   while read l ; do printf '%s\n' "$l" "${suffix}" ; done < file | 
   sponge file
   

3. Using join:

   suffix=foobar
   xargs -L 1 printf "%s${suffix}\n" < file | sponge file
   

4. Shell tools using paste, yes, head& wc:

   suffix=foobar
   join file file -e "${suffix}" -o 1.1,2.99999 | sponge file
   

   Note that pasteinserts a Tabchar before $suffix.

1. 纯POSIX 外壳和sponge：

   suffix=foobar
   paste file <(yes "${suffix}" | head -$(wc -l < file) ) | sponge file
   

2. xargs和printf：

   cat file | while read line; do echo ${line}$string; done
   

3. 使用join：

   ##代码##

4. 使用paste, yes, head& 的Shell 工具wc：

   ##代码##

   请注意，在 之前paste插入一个Tab字符$suffix。

Of course spongecan be replaced with a temp file, afterwards mv'd over the original filename, as with some other answers...

当然sponge可以用临时文件替换，然后替换mv原始文件名，就像其他一些答案一样......

回答by 欢乐的Xiaox

I prefer echo. using pure bash:

我更喜欢echo。使用纯 bash：

##代码##