bash 从某一行开始对文件进行排序
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Sort file beginning at a certain line
提问by user148813
I'd like to be able to sort a file but only at a certain line and below. From the manual sort isn't able to parse content so I'll need a second utility to do this. read? or awk possibly? Here's the file I'd like to be able to sort:
我希望能够对文件进行排序，但只能在某一行及以下进行排序。手动排序无法解析内容，因此我需要第二个实用程序来执行此操作。读？或 awk 可能吗？这是我希望能够排序的文件：
tar --exclude-from=$EXCLUDE_FILE --exclude=$BACKDEST/$PC-* \
-cvpzf $BACKDEST/$BACKUPNAME.tar.gz \
/etc/X11/xorg.conf \
/etc/X11/xorg.conf.1 \
/etc/fonts/conf.avail.1 \
/etc/fonts/conf.avail/60-liberation.conf \
So for this case, I'd like to begin sorting on line three. I'm thinking I'm going to have to do a function to be able to do this something like
所以对于这种情况，我想从第三行开始排序。我想我将不得不做一个功能才能做到这一点
cat backup.sh | while read LINE; do echo $LINE | sort; done
Pretty new to this and the script looks like it's missing something. Also, not sure how to begin at a certain line number.
对此很新，脚本看起来好像缺少一些东西。另外，不确定如何从某个行号开始。
Any ideas?
有任何想法吗？
回答by retracile
Something like this?
像这样的东西？
(head -n 2 backup.sh; tail -n +3 backup.sh | sort) > backup-sorted.sh
You may have to fixup the last line of the input... it probably doesn't have the trailing \ for the line continuation, so you might have a broken 'backup-sorted.sh' if you just do the above.
您可能需要修复输入的最后一行......它可能没有行延续的尾随 \，因此如果您只是执行上述操作，则可能会损坏 'backup-sorted.sh'。
You might want to consider using tar's --files-from (or -T) option, and having the sorted list of files in a data file instead of the script itself.
您可能需要考虑使用 tar 的 --files-from（或 -T）选项，并在数据文件中而不是脚本本身中使用已排序的文件列表。
回答by Steve B.
clumsy way:
笨方法：
len=$(cat FILE | wc -l)
sortable_len=$((len-3))
head -3 FILE > OUT
tail -$sortable_len FILE | sort >> OUT
I'm sure someone will post an elegant 1-liner shortly.
我相信很快就会有人发布优雅的 1-liner。
回答by Vigneswaran R
Sort the lines excluding the (2 lines) header, just for view.
对不包括（2 行）标题的行进行排序，仅供查看。
cat file.txt | awk '{if (NR < 3) print cat file.txt | awk '{if (NR < 3) print cat file.txt | awk '{if (NR < 3) print (read line; echo "$line"; sort) < file.txt
> "file_sorted.txt"; else print file.txt | (read line; echo "$line"; sort)
}' | sort >> file_sorted.txt
> "/dev/stderr"; else print (read line; echo "$line"; read line; echo "$line"; sort) < file.txt
}' 2> file_sorted.txt | sort >> file_sorted.txt
> "/dev/stderr"; else print awk '{ if ( NR > 2 ) { print ##代码## } }' file.txt | sort
}' | sort
Sort the lines excluding the (2 lines) headers and send the output to another file.
对不包括（2 行）标题的行进行排序，并将输出发送到另一个文件。
Method #1:
方法#1：
##代码##Method #2:
方法#2：
##代码##回答by sffortytwo
You could try this:
你可以试试这个：
##代码##It takes one line and echoes it, then sorts the rest. You can also:
它需要一行并回应它，然后对其余的进行排序。你也可以：
##代码##For two lines, just repeat the read and echo:
对于两行，只需重复读取和回显：
##代码##回答by Al.
Using awk:
使用awk：
NR is a built-in awkvariable and contains the current record/line number. It starts at 1.
NR 是一个内置awk变量，包含当前记录/行号。它从 1 开始。
