数据透视表和连接列

时间:2020-03-06 14:59:43  来源:igfitidea点击:

我有以下格式的数据库:

ID    TYPE   SUBTYPE    COUNT   MONTH
 1      A      Z          1       7/1/2008
 1      A      Z          3       7/1/2008
 2      B      C          2       7/2/2008
 1      A      Z          3       7/2/2008

我可以使用SQL将其转换为:

ID    A_Z   B_C   MONTH
1     4     0     7/1/2008
2     0     2     7/2/2008
1     0     3     7/2/2008

因此,将" TYPE"," SUBTYPE"连接到新的列中,并在" ID"和" MONTH"匹配的地方将" COUNT"相加。

任何提示将不胜感激。这在SQL中是可能的,还是我应该手动对其进行编程?

该数据库是SQL Server 2005.

假设有100个" TYPES"和" SUBTYPES",所以" A"和" Z"不应该硬编码,而是动态生成。

解决方案

select id,
sum(case when type = 'A' and subtype = 'Z' then [count] else 0 end) as A_Z,
sum(case when type = 'B' and subtype = 'C' then [count] else 0 end) as B_C,
month
from tbl_why_would_u_do_this
group by id, month

我们比我们的营销团队更能改变需求!如果我们希望它是动态的,则需要使用一个存储过程。

SQL Server 2005提供了一个非常有用的PIVOT和UNPIVOT运算符,使我们可以使用PIVOT和一些代码生成/动态SQL来使此代码免维护。

/*
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[stackoverflow_159456](
    [ID] [int] NOT NULL,
    [TYPE] [char](1) NOT NULL,
    [SUBTYPE] [char](1) NOT NULL,
    [COUNT] [int] NOT NULL,
    [MONTH] [datetime] NOT NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]
*/

DECLARE @sql AS varchar(max)
DECLARE @pivot_list AS varchar(max) -- Leave NULL for COALESCE technique
DECLARE @select_list AS varchar(max) -- Leave NULL for COALESCE technique

SELECT @pivot_list = COALESCE(@pivot_list + ', ', '') + '[' + PIVOT_CODE + ']'
        ,@select_list = COALESCE(@select_list + ', ', '') + 'ISNULL([' + PIVOT_CODE + '], 0) AS [' + PIVOT_CODE + ']'
FROM (
    SELECT DISTINCT [TYPE] + '_' + SUBTYPE AS PIVOT_CODE
    FROM stackoverflow_159456
) AS PIVOT_CODES

SET @sql = '
;WITH p AS (
    SELECT ID, [MONTH], [TYPE] + ''_'' + SUBTYPE AS PIVOT_CODE, SUM([COUNT]) AS [COUNT]
    FROM stackoverflow_159456
    GROUP BY ID, [MONTH], [TYPE] + ''_'' + SUBTYPE
)
SELECT ID, [MONTH], ' + @select_list + '
FROM p
PIVOT (
    SUM([COUNT])
    FOR PIVOT_CODE IN (
        ' + @pivot_list + '
    )
) AS pvt
'

EXEC (@sql)