复杂的 Git 分支名称破坏了所有 Git 命令
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Complex Git branch name broke all Git commands
提问by ruipacheco
I was trying to create a branch from masterwith the following command,
我试图master使用以下命令创建一个分支，
git branch SSLOC-201_Implement___str__()_of_ProductSearchQuery
when Git suddenly stopped responding. I suspect the unescaped ()are to blame, somehow. Now, whenever I try to run any Git command, I get the same error:
当 Git 突然停止响应时。()不知何故，我怀疑未逃脱的人应该受到指责。现在，每当我尝试运行任何 Git 命令时，都会遇到相同的错误：
git:176: command not found: _of_ProductSearchQuery
with the number after gitincreasing every time I type a command.
git每次输入命令时数字都会增加。
Can anyone explain what happened? And how do I get back to normal? I'd like to delete that branch, but how can I do that?
谁能解释一下发生了什么？我如何恢复正常？我想删除那个分支，但是我该怎么做呢？
回答by jub0bs
Problem
问题
Can anyone explain what happened? [...] I'd love to be able to delete that branch, but Git won't work for me.
谁能解释一下发生了什么？[...] 我希望能够删除那个分支，但 Git 对我不起作用。
By running
通过跑步
git branch SSLOC-201_Implement___str__()_of_ProductSearchQuery
in zsh, you did not create any branch. Instead, you accidentally defined three shell functions, called git, branch, and SSLOC-201_Implement___str__, which ignore their parameters (if any) and whose body is _of_ProductSearchQuery. You can check for yourself that this is indeed what happened, by invoking the builtin zsh command called functions, which lists all existing shell functions:
在 zsh 中，您没有创建任何分支。相反，您意外地定义了三个shell 函数，称为git、branch和SSLOC-201_Implement___str__，它们忽略了它们的参数（如果有的话）并且它们的主体是_of_ProductSearchQuery。您可以通过调用名为 的内置 zsh 命令来检查自己是否确实发生了这种情况，该命令functions列出了所有现有的 shell 函数：
$ functions
SSLOC-201_Implement___str__ () {
_of_ProductSearchQuery
}
branch () {
_of_ProductSearchQuery
}
git () {
_of_ProductSearchQuery
}
Unfortunately, although the other two shell functions are not problematic, the shell function called "git" now shadows the bona fidegitcommand!
不幸的是，虽然其他两个 shell 函数没有问题，但名为“git”的 shell 函数现在掩盖了真正的git命令！
$ which git
git () {
_of_ProductSearchQuery
}
# but the real "git" is a binary file that lives in /usr/local/bin/git (or some similar path)
Therefore, you will subsequently get the error
因此，您随后将收到错误
command not found: _of_ProductSearchQuery
whenever you attempt to run a Git command, e.g. git log, git status, etc. (assuming, of course, that no command called _of_ProductSearchQueryexists).
每当您尝试运行 Git 命令时，例如git log、git status等（当然，假设不_of_ProductSearchQuery存在被调用的命令）。
Side note
边注
[...] I get the same error:
git:176: command not found: _of_ProductSearchQuery(with the number after
gitincreasing every time I type a command)
[...] 我犯了同样的错误：
git:176: command not found: _of_ProductSearchQuery（
git每次键入命令时增加后的数字）
That number simply corresponds to the value of HISTCMD, an environment variable that holds
该数字仅对应于 的值HISTCMD，该环境变量包含
[t]he current history event number in an interactive shell, in other words the event number for the command that caused
$HISTCMDto be read.
[t] 交互式 shell 中的当前历史事件编号，即导致
$HISTCMD读取的命令的事件编号。
See the zsh manualfor more details.
有关更多详细信息，请参阅zsh 手册。
Solution
解决方案
And how do I get back to normal?
我如何恢复正常？
Simply delete the problematic shell function (and the other two you created by accident, while you're at it):
只需删除有问题的 shell 函数（以及您在使用时意外创建的另外两个函数）：
unset -f git
unset -f branch SSLOC-201_Implement___str__
Then everything should be fine.
那么一切都应该没问题。
What if unsetis shadowed also?!
如果unset也有阴影怎么办？！
Good question! I refer you to Wumpus W. Wumbley's excellent commentbelow.
好问题！我向您推荐以下Wumpus W. Wumbley 的精彩评论。
Branch-naming tips
分支命名技巧
Avoid any special shell characters
避免任何特殊的 shell 字符
Yes, as pointed out in the comments, parentheses are valid characters in Git branch names; you just need to quote the name appropriately, e.g.
是的，正如评论中指出的，括号是 Git 分支名称中的有效字符；您只需要适当地引用名称，例如
$ git branch 'foo()bar'
$ git branch
foo()bar
* master
$ git checkout 'foo()bar'
Switched to branch 'foo()bar'
However, the need for quoting such names every single timewhen used as command-line arguments should convince you to eschew parentheses in reference names. More generally, you should (as much as possible) avoid characters that have a special meaning in shells, to prevent surprises like this one.
但是，每次用作命令行参数时都需要引用此类名称，这应该说服您避免在引用名称中使用括号。更一般地说，您应该（尽可能）避免在 shell 中具有特殊含义的字符，以防止出现这样的意外。
Use simple branch names
使用简单的分支名称
You should keep your branch names short and sweet anyway. Long descriptions like
无论如何，你应该保持你的分支名称简短而甜蜜。长描述如
SSLOC-201_Implement___str__()_of_ProductSearchQuery
SSLOC-201_Implement___str__()_of_ProductSearchQuery
belong in commit messages, not in branch names.
属于提交消息，而不是分支名称。
