bash 在 Unix 中使用 shell 脚本删除超过 10 天的文件
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Delete files older than 10 days using shell script in Unix
提问by Steve88
I'm new to shell scripts, can anyone help? I want to delete scripts in a folder from the current date back to 10 days. The scripts looks like:
我是 shell 脚本的新手，有人可以帮忙吗？我想将文件夹中的脚本从当前日期删除回 10 天。脚本如下所示：
2012.11.21.09_33_52.script
2012.11.21.09_33_56.script
2012.11.21.09_33_59.script
The script will run in every 10 day with Crontab, that's why I need the current date.
该脚本将使用 Crontab 每 10 天运行一次，这就是我需要当前日期的原因。
回答by Gilles Quenot
findis the common tool for this kind of task :
find是这种任务的常用工具：
find ./my_dir -mtime +10 -type f -delete
EXPLANATIONS
说明
./my_diryour directory (replace with your own)-mtime +10older than 10 days-type fonly files-deleteno surprise. Remove it to test yourfindfilter before executing the whole command
./my_dir您的目录（替换为您自己的）-mtime +10超过 10 天-type f只有文件-delete没有惊喜。在执行整个命令之前删除它以测试您的find过滤器
And take care that ./my_direxists to avoid bad surprises !
并注意./my_dir存在以避免糟糕的惊喜！
回答by MarcoZen
Just spicing up the shell script above to delete older files but with logging and calculation of elapsed time
只是添加上面的 shell 脚本来删除旧文件，但记录和计算经过的时间
#!/bin/bash
path="/data/backuplog/"
timestamp=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)
filename=log_$timestamp.txt
log=$path$filename
days=7
START_TIME=$(date +%s)
find $path -maxdepth 1 -name "*.txt" -type f -mtime +$days -print -delete >> $log
echo "Backup:: Script Start -- $(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M)" >> $log
... code for backup ...or any other operation .... >> $log
END_TIME=$(date +%s)
ELAPSED_TIME=$(( $END_TIME - $START_TIME ))
echo "Backup :: Script End -- $(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M)" >> $log
echo "Elapsed Time :: $(date -d 00:00:$ELAPSED_TIME +%Hh:%Mm:%Ss) " >> $log
The code adds a few things.
代码添加了一些东西。
- log files named with a timestamp
- log folder specified
- find looks for *.txt files only in the log folder
- type f ensures you only deletes files
- maxdepth 1 ensures you dont enter subfolders
- log files older than 7 days are deleted ( assuming this is for a backup log)
- notes the start / end time
- calculates the elapsed time for the backup operation...
- 以时间戳命名的日志文件
- 指定的日志文件夹
- find 仅在日志文件夹中查找 *.txt 文件
- 键入 f 确保您只删除文件
- maxdepth 1 确保您不会进入子文件夹
- 超过 7 天的日志文件被删除（假设这是一个备份日志）
- 记下开始/结束时间
- 计算备份操作所用的时间...
Note: to test the code, just use -print instead of -print -delete. But do check your path carefully though.
注意：要测试代码，只需使用 -print 而不是 -print -delete。但是请仔细检查您的路径。
Note: Do ensure your server time is set correctly via date - setup timezone/ntp correctly . Additionally check file times with 'stat filename'
注意：请确保通过正确的日期设置时区/ntp 正确设置您的服务器时间。另外用'stat filename'检查文件时间
Note: mtime can be replaced with mmin for better control as mtime discards all fractions (older than 2 days (+2 days) actually means 3 days ) when it deals with getting the timestamps of files in the context of days
注意：mtime 可以替换为 mmin 以更好地控制，因为当 mtime 在处理以天为单位获取文件的时间戳时会丢弃所有分数（早于 2 天（+2 天）实际上意味着 3 天）
-mtime +$days ---> -mmin +$((60*24*$days))
回答by glglgl
If you can afford working via the file data, you can do
如果你能负担得起通过文件数据工作，你可以做
find -mmin +14400 -delete
