使用WPF在C#中异步加载BitmapImage
在CPF中异步加载BitmapImage的最佳方法是什么?似乎存在许多解决方案,但是是否存在标准模式或者最佳实践?
谢谢!
解决方案
回答
假设我们正在使用数据绑定,那么将Binding.IsAsync属性设置为True似乎是实现此目的的一种标准方法。
如果使用后台线程+ Dispatcher对象在代码隐藏文件中加载位图,则是更新UI异步的一种常见方法
回答
使用或者扩展System.ComponentModel.BackgroundWorker:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-CN/library/system.componentmodel.backgroundworker.aspx
我个人认为这是在客户端应用程序中执行异步操作的最简单方法。 (我在WinForms中使用了此功能,但未在WPF中使用过。我假设这在WPF中也适用。)
我通常会扩展Backgroundworker,但我们不必这样做。
public class ResizeFolderBackgroundWorker : BackgroundWorker { public ResizeFolderBackgroundWorker(string sourceFolder, int resizeTo) { this.sourceFolder = sourceFolder; this.destinationFolder = destinationFolder; this.resizeTo = resizeTo; this.WorkerReportsProgress = true; this.DoWork += new DoWorkEventHandler(ResizeFolderBackgroundWorker_DoWork); } void ResizeFolderBackgroundWorker_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e) { DirectoryInfo dirInfo = new DirectoryInfo(sourceFolder); FileInfo[] files = dirInfo.GetFiles("*.jpg"); foreach (FileInfo fileInfo in files) { /* iterate over each file and resizing it */ } } }
这是我们在表单中使用它的方式:
//handle a button click to start lengthy operation private void resizeImageButtonClick(object sender, EventArgs e) { string sourceFolder = getSourceFolderSomehow(); resizer = new ResizeFolderBackgroundWorker(sourceFolder,290); resizer.ProgressChanged += new progressChangedEventHandler(genericProgressChanged); resizer.RunWorkerCompleted += new RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler(genericRunWorkerCompleted); progressBar1.Value = 0; progressBar1.Visible = true; resizer.RunWorkerAsync(); } void genericRunWorkerCompleted(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e) { progressBar1.Visible = false; //signal to user that operation has completed } void genericProgressChanged(object sender, ProgressChangedEventArgs e) { progressBar1.Value = e.ProgressPercentage; //I just update a progress bar }
回答
为了详细说明aku的答案,以下是有关在何处设置IsAsync的一个小示例:
ItemsSource="{Binding IsAsync=True,Source={StaticResource ACollection},Path=AnObjectInCollection}"
那就是在XAML中要做的事情。
回答
我只是在调查这个问题,不得不投入两分钱,尽管在原始帖子发布后已经过了几年(以防万一其他人都在寻找我正在调查的同一件事)。
我有一个Image控件,需要使用Stream在后台将其图像加载,然后显示。
我一直遇到的问题是BitmapSource,它的Stream源和Image控件都必须在同一线程上。
在这种情况下,使用Binding并将其设置为IsAsynch = true将引发跨线程异常。
BackgroundWorker非常适合WinForms,我们可以在WPF中使用它,但是我宁愿避免在WPF中使用WinForm程序集(不建议对项目进行膨胀,这也是一个很好的经验法则)。在这种情况下,这也应该引发无效的交叉引用异常,但是我没有对其进行测试。
事实证明,一行代码可以完成以下任何一项工作:
//Create the image control Image img = new Image {HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Stretch, VerticalAlignment = System.Windows.VerticalAlignment.Stretch}; //Create a seperate thread to load the image ThreadStart thread = delegate { //Load the image in a seperate thread BitmapImage bmpImage = new BitmapImage(); MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); //A custom class that reads the bytes of off the HD and shoves them into the MemoryStream. You could just replace the MemoryStream with something like this: FileStream fs = File.Open(@"C:\ImageFileName.jpg", FileMode.Open); MediaCoder.MediaDecoder.DecodeMediaWithStream(ImageItem, true, ms); bmpImage.BeginInit(); bmpImage.StreamSource = ms; bmpImage.EndInit(); //**THIS LINE locks the BitmapImage so that it can be transported across threads!! bmpImage.Freeze(); //Call the UI thread using the Dispatcher to update the Image control Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(new ThreadStart(delegate { img.Source = bmpImage; img.Unloaded += delegate { ms.Close(); ms.Dispose(); }; grdImageContainer.Children.Add(img); })); }; //Start previously mentioned thread... new Thread(thread).Start();