Python 如何 strftime 不同语言环境中的日期对象？
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How do I strftime a date object in a different locale?
提问by MagerValp
I have a date object in python and I need to generate a time stamp in the C locale for a legacy system, using the %a (weekday) and %b (month) codes. However I do not wish to change the application's locale, since other parts need to respect the user's current locale. Is there a way to call strftime() with a certain locale?
我在 python 中有一个日期对象，我需要使用 %a（工作日）和 %b（月）代码在 C 语言环境中为遗留系统生成时间戳。但是我不希望更改应用程序的语言环境，因为其他部分需要尊重用户的当前语言环境。有没有办法用特定的语言环境调用 strftime() ？
采纳答案by Daniel
The example given by Rob is great, but isn't threadsafe. Here's a version that works with threads:
Rob 给出的例子很好，但不是线程安全的。这是一个适用于线程的版本：
import locale
import threading
from datetime import datetime
from contextlib import contextmanager
LOCALE_LOCK = threading.Lock()
@contextmanager
def setlocale(name):
with LOCALE_LOCK:
saved = locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL)
try:
yield locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, name)
finally:
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, saved)
# Let's set a non-US locale
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'de_DE.UTF-8')
# Example to write a formatted English date
with setlocale('C'):
print(datetime.now().strftime('%a, %b')) # e.g. => "Thu, Jun"
# Example to read a formatted English date
with setlocale('C'):
mydate = datetime.strptime('Thu, Jun', '%a, %b')
It creates a threadsafe context manager using a global lock and allows you to have multiple threads running locale-dependent code by using the LOCALE_LOCK. It also handles exceptions from the yield statement to ensure the original locale is always restored.
它使用全局锁创建线程安全上下文管理器，并允许您使用 LOCALE_LOCK 让多个线程运行与语言环境相关的代码。它还处理来自 yield 语句的异常，以确保始终恢复原始语言环境。
回答by Philippe T.
take a look to the pytz package
看一下pytz 包
you can use like this
你可以这样使用
import pytz
UTC = pytz.timezone('UTC') # utc
fr = pytz.timezone('Europe/Paris') #your local
from datetime import datetime
date = datetime.now(fr)
dateUTC = date.astimezone(UTC)
strftime will render in the timezone specified
strftime 将在指定的时区呈现
for have month name in the locale use calendarfor example :
对于在语言环境中使用日历的月份名称，例如：
import calendar
print calendar.month_name[dateUTC.month] #will print in the locale
inspect more deeply calendar for having more information
检查更深入的日历以获取更多信息
回答by Rob?
No, there is no way to call strftime()with a specific locale.
不，无法strftime()使用特定语言环境进行调用。
Assuming that your app is not multi-threaded, save and restore the existing locale, and set your locale to 'C'when you invoke strftime.
假设您的应用程序不是多线程的，请保存并恢复现有的语言环境，并'C'在调用strftime.
#! /usr/bin/python3
import time
import locale
def get_c_locale_abbrev():
lc = locale.setlocale(locale.LC_TIME)
try:
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_TIME, "C")
return time.strftime("%a-%b")
finally:
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_TIME, lc)
# Let's suppose that we're french
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'fr_FR.utf8')
# Should print french, english, then french
print(time.strftime('%a-%b'))
print(get_c_locale_abbrev())
print(time.strftime('%a-%b'))
If you prefer with:to try:-finally:, you could whip up a context manager:
如果你喜欢with:到try:- finally:，你可以掀起一个上下文管理器：
#! /usr/bin/python3
import time
import locale
import contextlib
@contextlib.contextmanager
def setlocale(*args, **kw):
saved = locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL)
yield locale.setlocale(*args, **kw)
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, saved)
def get_c_locale_abbrev():
with setlocale(locale.LC_TIME, "C"):
return time.strftime("%a-%b")
# Let's suppose that we're french
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'fr_FR.utf8')
# Should print french, english, then french
print(time.strftime('%a-%b'))
print(get_c_locale_abbrev())
print(time.strftime('%a-%b'))
