如何将数组参数传递给 Bash 脚本
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How to pass an array argument to the Bash script
提问by zhihong
It is surprising me that I do not find the answer after 1 hour search for this. I would like to pass an array to my script like this:
令我惊讶的是，我在搜索了 1 小时后没有找到答案。我想像这样将数组传递给我的脚本：
test.sh argument1 array argument2
I DO NOT want to put this in another bash script like following:
我不想把它放在另一个 bash 脚本中，如下所示：
array=(a b c)
for i in "${array[@]}"
do
test.sh argument1 $i argument2
done
回答by glenn Hymanman
Bash arrays are not "first class values" -- you can't pass them around like one "thing".
Bash 数组不是“一等值”——你不能像一个“东西”一样传递它们。
Assuming test.shis a bash script, I would do
假设test.sh是一个 bash 脚本，我会这样做
#!/bin/bash
arg1=; shift
array=( "$@" )
last_idx=$(( ${#array[@]} - 1 ))
arg2=${array[$last_idx]}
unset array[$last_idx]
echo "arg1=$arg1"
echo "arg2=$arg2"
echo "array contains:"
printf "%s\n" "${array[@]}"
And invoke it like
并像这样调用它
test.sh argument1 "${array[@]}" argument2
回答by anubhava
Have your script arrArg.shlike this:
让你的脚本arrArg.sh是这样的：
#!/bin/bash
arg1=""
arg2=("${!2}")
arg3=""
arg4=("${!4}")
echo "arg1=$arg1"
echo "arg2 array=${arg2[@]}"
echo "arg2 #elem=${#arg2[@]}"
echo "arg3=$arg3"
echo "arg4 array=${arg4[@]}"
echo "arg4 #elem=${#arg4[@]}"
Now setup your arrays like this in a shell:
现在在 shell 中像这样设置你的数组：
arr=(ab 'x y' 123)
arr2=(a1 'a a' bb cc 'it is one')
And pass arguments like this:
并传递这样的参数：
. ./arrArg.sh "foo" "arr[@]" "bar" "arr2[@]"
Above script will print:
上面的脚本将打印：
arg1=foo
arg2 array=ab x y 123
arg2 #elem=3
arg3=bar
arg4 array=a1 a a bb cc it is one
arg4 #elem=5
Note:It might appear weird that I am executing script using . ./scriptsyntax. Note that this is for executing commands of the script in the current shell environment.
注意：我使用. ./script语法执行脚本可能看起来很奇怪。请注意，这是为了在当前 shell 环境中执行脚本的命令。
Q.Why current shell environment and why not a sub shell?
A.Because bash doesn't export array variables to child processes as documented here by bash author himself
问：为什么是当前的 shell 环境，为什么不是子 shell？
A.因为 bash 不会将数组变量导出到子进程，正如bash 作者自己在此处记录的那样
回答by Dd H
You can write your array to a file, then source the file in your script. e.g.:
您可以将数组写入文件，然后在脚本中获取该文件。例如：
array.sh
数组文件
array=(a b c)
test.sh
测试文件
source
...
Run the test.sh script:
运行 test.sh 脚本：
./test.sh argument1 array.sh argument3
回答by Julie Winterburn
If this is your command:
如果这是您的命令：
test.sh argument1 ${array[*]} argument2
You can read the array into test.sh like this:
您可以像这样将数组读入 test.sh：
arg1=
arg2=${2[*]}
arg3=
It will complain at you ("bad substitution"), but will work.
它会向你抱怨（“糟糕的替代”），但会起作用。
