bash 如何在搜索模式中使用 xargs 和 sed
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how to use xargs with sed in search pattern
提问by Neuquino
I need to use the output of a command as a search pattern in sed. I will make an example using echo, but assume that can be a more complicated command:
我需要使用命令的输出作为 sed 中的搜索模式。我将使用 echo 做一个例子，但假设这可能是一个更复杂的命令：
echo "some pattern" | xargs sed -i 's/{}/replacement/g' file.txt
That command doesn't work because "some pattern" has a whitespace, but I think that clearly illustrate my problem.
该命令不起作用，因为“某种模式”有空格，但我认为这清楚地说明了我的问题。
How can I make that command work?
我怎样才能使该命令起作用？
Thanks in advance,
提前致谢，
采纳答案by Steve
Use command substitution instead, so your example would look like:
改用命令替换，因此您的示例如下所示：
sed -i "s/$(echo "some pattern")/replacement/g" file.txt
The double quotes allow for the command substitution to work while preventing spaces from being split.
双引号允许命令替换起作用，同时防止空格被拆分。
回答by Weetu
You need to tell xargs what to replace with the -I switch - it doesn't seem to know about the {} automatically, at least in some versions.
您需要告诉 xargs 用 -I 开关替换什么 - 它似乎并不自动了解 {}，至少在某些版本中。
echo "pattern" | xargs -I '{}' sed -i 's/{}/replacement/g' file.txt
回答by alex
this works on Linux(tested):
这适用于 Linux（已测试）：
find . -type f -print0 | xargs -0 sed -i 's/str1/str2/g'
回答by potong
This might work for you (GNU sed):
这可能对你有用（GNU sed）：
echo "some pattern" | sed 's|.*|s/&/replacement/g|' | sed -f - -i file.txt
Essentially turn the some patterninto a sed substitution command and feed it via a pipe to another sed invocation. The last sed invocation uses the -fswitch which accepts the sed commands via a file, the file in this case being the standard input -.
基本上将some patternsed 转换为 sed 替换命令，并通过管道将其提供给另一个 sed 调用。最后一次 sed 调用使用-f通过文件接受 sed 命令的开关，在这种情况下，该文件是标准输入-。
If you are using bash, the here-stringcan be employed:
如果您使用的是 bash，则here-string可以使用：
<<<"some pattern" sed 's|.*|s/&/replacement/g|' | sed -f - -i file.txt
N.B. the sed separators |and /should not be a part of some patternotherwise the regexp will not be formed properly.
注意 sed 分隔符|，/不应成为其中的一部分，some pattern否则将无法正确形成正则表达式。
