Python 转储到 JSON 添加了额外的双引号和引号转义
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Dump to JSON adds additional double quotes and escaping of quotes
提问by toobee
I am retrieving Twitter data with a Python tool and dump these in JSON format to my disk. I noticed an unintended escaping of the entire data-string for a tweet being enclosed in double quotes. Furthermore, all double quotes of the actual JSON formatting are escaped with a backslash.
我正在使用 Python 工具检索 Twitter 数据并将这些数据以 JSON 格式转储到我的磁盘中。我注意到一条用双引号括起来的推文的整个数据字符串意外转义。此外，实际 JSON 格式的所有双引号都用反斜杠转义。
They look like this:
它们看起来像这样：
"{\"created_at\":\"Fri Aug 08 11:04:40 +0000 2014\",\"id\":497699913925292032,
"{\"created_at\":\"Fri Aug 08 11:04:40 +0000 2014\",\"id\":497699913925292032,
How do I avoid that? It should be:
我该如何避免？它应该是：
{"created_at":"Fri Aug 08 11:04:40 +0000 2014" .....
{"created_at":"Fri Aug 08 11:04:40 +0000 2014" .....
My file-out code looks like this:
我的文件输出代码如下所示：
with io.open('data'+self.timestamp+'.txt', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write(unicode(json.dumps(data, ensure_ascii=False)))
f.write(unicode('\n'))
The unintended escaping causes problems when reading in the JSON file in a later processing step.
在后面的处理步骤中读取 JSON 文件时，意外的转义会导致问题。
采纳答案by Martijn Pieters
You are double encoding your JSON strings. datais alreadya JSON string, and doesn't need to be encoded again:
您正在对 JSON 字符串进行双重编码。data是已经JSON字符串，并且不需要进行编码再次：
>>> import json
>>> not_encoded = {"created_at":"Fri Aug 08 11:04:40 +0000 2014"}
>>> encoded_data = json.dumps(not_encoded)
>>> print encoded_data
{"created_at": "Fri Aug 08 11:04:40 +0000 2014"}
>>> double_encode = json.dumps(encoded_data)
>>> print double_encode
"{\"created_at\": \"Fri Aug 08 11:04:40 +0000 2014\"}"
Just write these directly to your file:
只需将这些直接写入您的文件：
with open('data{}.txt'.format(self.timestamp), 'a') as f:
f.write(data + '\n')
回答by Mike Maxwell
Another situation where this unwanted escaping can happen is if you try to use json.dump() on the pre-processed output of json.dumps(). For example
另一种可能发生这种不需要的转义的情况是，如果您尝试在 json.dumps() 的预处理输出上使用 json.dump()。例如
import json, sys
json.dump({"foo": json.dumps([{"bar": 1}, {"baz": 2}])},sys.stdout)
will result in
会导致
{"foo": "[{\"bar\": 1}, {\"baz\": 2}]"}
To avoid this, you need to pass dictionaries rather than the output of json.dumps(), e.g.
为了避免这种情况，您需要传递字典而不是 json.dumps() 的输出，例如
json.dump({"foo": [{"bar": 1}, {"baz": 2}]},sys.stdout)
which outputs the desired
输出所需的
{"foo": [{"bar": 1}, {"baz": 2}]}
(Why would you pre-process the inner list with json.dumps(), you ask? Well, I had another function that was creating that inner list out of other stuff, and I thought it would make sense to return a json object from that function... Wrong.)
（你问为什么要用 json.dumps() 预处理内部列表？嗯，我有另一个函数从其他东西中创建该内部列表，我认为从那个函数……错了。）
