Linux 如何在 Perl 中找到每个接口的 IP 地址？
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How can I find the IP addresses for each interface, in Perl?
提问by jinanwow
I am trying to find a list of IP addresses on a linux box. Currently my setup is a CentOS machine with a few sub interfaces for eth0 for each VLAN. I am writing a script to see if each VLAN IP address has connectivity to certain IP addresses (different IP addresses for each network).
我正在尝试在 linux 机器上查找 IP 地址列表。目前我的设置是一台 CentOS 机器，每个 VLAN 的 eth0 都有几个子接口。我正在编写一个脚本来查看每个 VLAN IP 地址是否连接到某些 IP 地址（每个网络的不同 IP 地址）。
For example:
例如：
eth0 has an IP of 10.0.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.128
eth0.2 has an IP of 10.0.130 netmask 255.255.255.128
eth0.3 has an IP of 10.0.1.2 netmask 255.255.255.128
eth0 的 IP 为 10.0.0.2 网络掩码 255.255.255.128
eth0.2 的 IP 为 10.0.130 网络掩码 255.255.255.128
eth0.3 的 IP 为 10.0.1.2 网络掩码 255.255.255.128
Each interface is currently set to static IP address via config files. However, I am wanting to change it from static to DHCP and get the same IP address. If I do this, it will break this part of the script:
每个接口当前都通过配置文件设置为静态 IP 地址。但是，我想将其从静态更改为 DHCP 并获得相同的 IP 地址。如果我这样做，它将破坏脚本的这一部分：
@devarray = `cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0* | grep IPADDR=10 -B 10 | grep -v "#" | grep IPADDR`;
Is there a better way of determining what IP addresses are avaiable. All I need to gather is just the IP address and not the device name.
是否有更好的方法来确定哪些 IP 地址可用。我需要收集的只是 IP 地址而不是设备名称。
采纳答案by Weegee
If you want a pure Perl solution, you might try IO::Interface. I've had some success with it in the past, and the documentation is good.
如果你想要一个纯 Perl 解决方案，你可以尝试IO::Interface。我在过去取得了一些成功，而且文档很好。
回答by Mike Axiak
How about using ifconfig?
使用ifconfig怎么样？
my @ips = (`ifconfig -a` =~ /inet addr:(\S+)/g);
回答by phaylon
There is Net::Interface, which seems to give me good results on my system:
有Net::Interface，它似乎在我的系统上给了我很好的结果：
my %addresses = map {
($_ => [
map { Net::Interface::inet_ntoa($_) } # make addresses readable
$_->address, # all addresses
]);
} Net::Interface->interfaces; # all interfaces
This will return something like
这将返回类似
(
eth0 => [],
eth1 => [ '192.168.2.100' ],
lo => [ '127.0.0.1' ]
)
Update: Should've mentioned: Check the documentation for methods other than addressto get at other information per interface.
更新：应该提到：检查文档以了解除address获取每个接口的其他信息之外的方法。
回答by Lux In Tenebris
I think that the following method is the most reliable and environment-independent. But only useful if you known an interface name.
我认为以下方法是最可靠且与环境无关的。但仅当您知道接口名称时才有用。
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Socket;
require 'sys/ioctl.ph';
print get_interface_address('eth0');
sub get_interface_address
{
my ($iface) = @_;
my $socket;
socket($socket, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, (getprotobyname('tcp'))[2]) || die "unable to create a socket: $!\n";
my $buf = pack('a256', $iface);
if (ioctl($socket, SIOCGIFADDR(), $buf) && (my @address = unpack('x20 C4', $buf)))
{
return join('.', @address);
}
return undef;
}
在这里找到：http: //snipplr.com/view/46170/the-most-reliable-and-correct-method-to-get-network-interface-address-in-linux-using-perl/
