Python Conda 和 Anaconda 有什么区别？

What are the differences between Conda and Anaconda?

提问by Jiang Xiang

Post-question update:

问题后更新：

See Introduction to Condafor more details.

有关更多详细信息，请参阅Conda 简介。

---

---

The problem:

问题：

I first installed Anacondaon my ubuntu at ~/anaconda, when I was trying to update my anaconda, according to the documentationfrom Continuum Analytics, I should use the following commands:

我首先在我的 ubuntu 上安装了Anaconda~/anaconda，当我尝试更新我的 anaconda 时，根据Continuum Analytics的文档，我应该使用以下命令：

conda update conda
conda update anaconda

Then I realized that I did not have condainstalled, so I installed it using the documentation from here.

然后我意识到我没有安装conda，所以我使用这里的文档安装了它。

After condais installed, when I run conda update anaconda, I got the following error:

安装conda后，当我运行时conda update anaconda，出现以下错误：

Error: package 'anaconda' is not installed in /home/xiang/miniconda

错误：/home/xiang/miniconda 中未安装包“anaconda”

It appears conda is assuming my anaconda is installed under /home/xiang/minicondawhich is NOTtrue.

看起来 conda 假设我的 anaconda 安装在下面/home/xiang/miniconda这不是真的。

The questions:

问题：

1. What are the differences between condaand anaconda?
2. How can I tell condawhere my anacondais installed?

1. conda和anaconda 有什么区别？
2. 如何告诉conda我的anaconda安装在哪里？

采纳答案by asmeurer

conda is the package manager. Anaconda is a set of about a hundred packages including conda, numpy, scipy, ipython notebook, and so on.

conda 是包管理器。Anaconda 是一套大约一百个包，包括 conda、numpy、scipy、ipython notebook 等。

You installed Miniconda, which is a smaller alternative to Anaconda that is just conda and its dependencies, not those listed above.

您安装了 Miniconda，它是 Anaconda 的一个较小的替代品，它只是 conda 及其依赖项，而不是上面列出的那些。

Once you have Miniconda, you can easily install Anaconda into it with conda install anaconda.

拥有 Miniconda 后，您可以使用conda install anaconda.

回答by Simba

Brief

简短的

condais both a command line tool, and a python package.

conda既是一个命令行工具，又是一个 python 包。

Miniconda installer = Python + conda

Miniconda 安装程序 = Python + conda

Anaconda installer = Python + conda+ meta package anaconda

Anaconda 安装程序 = Python conda++ 元包anaconda

meta Python pkg anaconda= about 160 other Python packages for daily use in data science

meta Python pkg anaconda= 大约 160 个其他 Python 包，用于数据科学的日常使用

Anaconda installer = Miniconda installer + conda install anaconda

Anaconda 安装程序 = Miniconda 安装程序 + conda install anaconda

Detail

细节

condais an environment manager and a package manager. It means the tool itself. condamakes it possible to

conda是环境管理器和包管理器。这意味着工具本身。conda使得有可能

• install package with conda install flake8
• create an environment with any version of Python with conda create -n myenv python=3.6

• 安装包 conda install flake8
• 使用任何版本的 Python 创建一个环境 conda create -n myenv python=3.6

condais not a binary command, is a Python package. To make condawork, you have to create a Python environment and install package condainto it. This is where Anaconda installer and Miniconda installer comes in.

conda不是二进制命令，是Python 包。要使其conda工作，您必须创建一个 Python 环境并将软件包安装conda到其中。这是 Anaconda 安装程序和 Miniconda 安装程序的用武之地。

Installer Minoconda installs a Python and the package conda. Installer Anaconda not only does what Miniconda does, it also install a metaPython package named anacondafor you.

安装程序 Minoconda 安装 Python 和包conda. 安装程序 Anaconda 不仅可以完成 Miniconda 的功能，还可以安装一个以您命名的元Python 包anaconda。

Meta packages, are packages that do NOT contain actual softwares and simply depend on other packages to be installed.

元软件包，是不包含实际软件的软件包，仅依赖于要安装的其他软件包。

The actual 160+ python packages included in pkg anacondaare listed in info/recipe/meta.yamlin its source file.

pkganaconda中包含的实际 160 多个 python 包info/recipe/meta.yaml在其源文件中列出。

package:
    name: anaconda
    version: '2019.07'
build:
    ignore_run_exports:
        - '*'
    number: '0'
    pin_depends: strict
    string: py36_0
requirements:
    build:
        - python 3.6.8 haf84260_0
    is_meta_pkg:
        - true
    run:
        - alabaster 0.7.12 py36_0
        - anaconda-client 1.7.2 py36_0
        - anaconda-project 0.8.3 py_0
        # ...
        - beautifulsoup4 4.7.1 py36_1
        # ...
        - curl 7.65.2 ha441bb4_0
        # ...
        - hdf5 1.10.4 hfa1e0ec_0
        # ...
        - ipykernel 5.1.1 py36h39e3cac_0
        - ipython 7.6.1 py36h39e3cac_0
        - ipython_genutils 0.2.0 py36h241746c_0
        - ipywidgets 7.5.0 py_0
        # ...
        - jupyter 1.0.0 py36_7
        - jupyter_client 5.3.1 py_0
        - jupyter_console 6.0.0 py36_0
        - jupyter_core 4.5.0 py_0
        - jupyterlab 1.0.2 py36hf63ae98_0
        - jupyterlab_server 1.0.0 py_0
        # ...
        - matplotlib 3.1.0 py36h54f8f79_0
        # ...
        - mkl 2019.4 233
        - mkl-service 2.0.2 py36h1de35cc_0
        - mkl_fft 1.0.12 py36h5e564d8_0
        - mkl_random 1.0.2 py36h27c97d8_0
        # ...
        - nltk 3.4.4 py36_0
        # ...
        - numpy 1.16.4 py36hacdab7b_0
        - numpy-base 1.16.4 py36h6575580_0
        - numpydoc 0.9.1 py_0
        # ...
        - pandas 0.24.2 py36h0a44026_0
        - pandoc 2.2.3.2 0
        # ...
        - pillow 6.1.0 py36hb68e598_0
        # ...
        - pyqt 5.9.2 py36h655552a_2
        # ...
        - qt 5.9.7 h468cd18_1
        - qtawesome 0.5.7 py36_1
        - qtconsole 4.5.1 py_0
        - qtpy 1.8.0 py_0
        # ...
        - requests 2.22.0 py36_0
        # ...
        - sphinx 2.1.2 py_0
        - sphinxcontrib 1.0 py36_1
        - sphinxcontrib-applehelp 1.0.1 py_0
        - sphinxcontrib-devhelp 1.0.1 py_0
        - sphinxcontrib-htmlhelp 1.0.2 py_0
        - sphinxcontrib-jsmath 1.0.1 py_0
        - sphinxcontrib-qthelp 1.0.2 py_0
        - sphinxcontrib-serializinghtml 1.1.3 py_0
        - sphinxcontrib-websupport 1.1.2 py_0
        - spyder 3.3.6 py36_0
        - spyder-kernels 0.5.1 py36_0
        # ...

The pre-installed packages from meta pkg anacondaare mainly for web scraping and data science. Like requests, beautifulsoup, numpy, nltk, etc.

来自 meta pkg 的预安装包anaconda主要用于网络抓取和数据科学。像requests，beautifulsoup，numpy，nltk，等。