选择大于某个值的 Python 字典的元素
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Selecting elements of a Python dictionary greater than a certain value
提问by Jesse O
I need to select elements of a dictionary of a certain value or greater. I am aware of how to do this with lists, Return list of items in list greater than some value.
我需要选择某个值或更大值的字典元素。我知道如何使用列表执行此操作，返回列表中大于某个值的项目列表。
But I am not sure how to translate that into something functional for a dictionary. I managed to get the tags that correspond (I think) to values greater than or equal to a number, but using the following gives only the tags:
但我不确定如何将其翻译成字典的功能。我设法获得了对应于（我认为）大于或等于数字的值的标签，但使用以下内容仅提供标签：
[i for i in dict if dict.values() >= x]
回答by Shashank
You want dict[i]not dict.values(). dict.values()will return the whole list of values that are in the dictionary.
你想dict[i]没有dict.values()。dict.values()将返回字典中的整个值列表。
dict = {2:5, 6:2}
x = 4
print [dict[i] for i in dict if dict[i] >= x] # prints [5]
回答by nmaier
.items()will return (key, value)pairs that you can use to reconstruct a filtered dictusing a list comprehensionthat is feed into the dict()constructor, that will accept an iterable of (key, value)tuples aka. our list comprehension:
.items()将返回(key, value)对，你可以用它来重建过滤dict使用列表理解，进料到的dict()构造，将接受一个可迭代的(key, value)元组又名。我们的列表理解：
>>> d = dict(a=1, b=10, c=30, d=2)
>>> d
{'a': 1, 'c': 30, 'b': 10, 'd': 2}
>>> d = dict((k, v) for k, v in d.items() if v >= 10)
>>> d
{'c': 30, 'b': 10}
If you don't care about running your code on python older than version 2.7, see @opatut answerusing "dict comprehensions":
如果您不关心在 2.7 版之前的 Python 上运行您的代码，请参阅使用“dict comprehensions”的@opatut 回答：
{k:v for (k,v) in dict.items() if v > something}
回答by opatut
While nmaier's solution would have been my way to go, notice that since python 2.7+ there has been a "dict comprehension" syntax:
虽然 nmaier 的解决方案是我要走的路，但请注意，从 python 2.7+ 开始，就有了“ dict comprehension”语法：
{k:v for (k,v) in dict.items() if v > something}
Found here: Create a dictionary with list comprehension in Python. I found this by googling "python dictionary list comprehension", top post.
在这里找到：Create a dictionary with list comprehension in Python。我通过谷歌搜索“python 字典列表理解”找到了这个，顶帖。
Explanation
解释
{ .... }includes the dict comprehensionk:vwhat elements to add to the dictfor (k,v) in dict.items()this iterates over all tuples (key-value-pairs) of the dictif v > somethinga condition that has to apply on every value that is to be included
{ .... }包括字典理解k:v将哪些元素添加到 dictfor (k,v) in dict.items()这将遍历 dict 的所有元组（键值对）if v > something必须应用于要包含的每个值的条件
