Python 如何重命名文件夹中的图像

How rename the images in folder

提问by Pieter

I have 35 folders and each folder contains 50 images, and every image has a different name, like copy(3), rename, youanemand so on. I want to rename all the images in all the folders to sequence numbers, i.e. folder 0contains 50 images, and it should give them numbers like 0-49 and the same for the rest of the folders and their images. Folder names are 0-9 and then A-Z.

我有 35 个文件夹，每个文件夹包含 50 个图像，每个图像都有不同的名称，诸如此类copy(3), rename, youanem。我想将所有文件夹中的所有图像重命名为序列号，即文件夹0包含 50 个图像，它应该给它们编号，如 0-49，其余文件夹及其图像的编号相同。文件夹名称是 0-9，然后是 AZ。

Is this possible to program for it , or i have to do it manually

这是否可以为它编程，或者我必须手动完成

This is my initial try , i didnt try it completely :

这是我最初的尝试，我没有完全尝试：

from os import rename, listdir

folder = "D://images//"
fnames = listdir('.')

for fname in fnames:
    if fname.startswith(folder):
        rename(fname, fname.replace(name, '', 1))

I am not getting idea of how to give it name

我不知道如何给它起名字

Thanks

谢谢

采纳答案by Shashank

This shows how to sequence all files in a directory. For example, if the directory has 50 files, it will rename them 0-49. You can also loop through your folder names using some iterator as follows:

这显示了如何对目录中的所有文件进行排序。例如，如果目录有 50 个文件，它会将它们重命名为 0-49。您还可以使用一些迭代器遍历文件夹名称，如下所示：

import os
for dirname in os.listdir("."):
    if os.path.isdir(dirname):
        for i, filename in enumerate(os.listdir(dirname)):
            os.rename(dirname + "/" + filename, dirname + "/" + str(i) + ".bmp")

回答by ChrisProsser

Here is a script that I have already written for this which you are welcome to use: http://pastebin.com/gYbGEaZY.

这是我已经为此编写的脚本，欢迎您使用：http: //pastebin.com/gYbGEaZY。

If you just run the script it will take you through selecting the directory, defining the prefix / suffix etc. step by step and even give you the option to reverse the changes after if you are not happy with them.

如果您只是运行脚本，它会引导您逐步选择目录、定义前缀/后缀等，如果您对更改不满意，甚至可以在之后撤消更改。

Let me know if you have any questions about the code.

如果您对代码有任何疑问，请告诉我。

EDIT

编辑

There are a couple of parts that you may need to edit. One is a list of the file types it is looking for in get_file_extensions and the other is any paths given / environment variables referred to using os.getenv

您可能需要编辑几个部分。一个是它在 get_file_extensions 中查找的文件类型列表，另一个是使用 os.getenv 给定的任何路径/环境变量

Here is the code in case of issues with the link:

这是链接出现问题时的代码：

#!/usr/bin/python

import os, webbrowser as wb, time, re, datetime as dt
from Tkinter import Tk
import tkFileDialog as fd
Tk().withdraw() # to stop shell opening for Tkinter
username = os.environ.get('username')
path = None
open_when_done = False
err_log = os.path.join(os.getenv('dt'),'rename_error_log.txt') # append

# Globals
g_sort_type = 'NATURAL' # options allowed for DATE or NATURAL i.e. how Windows would sort by default

def write_log_file(file_history, reverted=False):
    fname = str(username+'_'+str(dt.datetime.today())[:19]+'.csv').replace(':','-')
    logfile = os.path.join(os.environ.get('logs'), 'rename', fname.replace(' ','_'))
    f = open(logfile, 'w')
    if reverted:
        f.write('These files were reverted!!!\n')
    f.write('Filename, Old Name, New Name\n')
    for row in file_history:
        f.write(str(str(row[0])+', '+row[1]+', '+row[2]+'\n'))
    f.close()

def revert(file_history):
    for row in file_history:
        new_name = row[2]
        old_name = row[1]
        print '...reverting file', new_name, 'to', old_name
        os.rename(os.path.join(path,new_name), os.path.join(path,old_name))

def get_range(specific, file_list, excl_list):
    count = len(file_list)

    #find a zero based index range (which goes upto but not including the upper limit)
    if specific == 'Y':
        print '\n'
        print 'Please specify the name of the file you want to start from, you do not need to'
        print 'write the full name, just enough characters for the input to be unique e.g. if'
        print 'two files are called "P30687" and "P30799", a single file could be identifed by'
        print 'entering "P306".\n'
        print 'You can leave either the start filename or end filename empty.'

        c = 0
        while c <> 1:
            c, tmp = 0, None
            print '\n','Range Start:'
            print '-----------'
            first = raw_input('Please enter the file to start from: ').lower()
            if not first:
                start = 0
                break
            for name in file_list:
                if first in name.lower():
                    if not tmp:
                        tmp = name
                    c += 1
            if c == 0:
                print 'No matches were found for string:', first, ', please try again...'
            elif c > 1:
                print 'More than one file found, do you want to start from the first: '+tmp
                if raw_input('(Y/N?): ').upper() == 'Y':
                    start, c = file_list.index(tmp), 1
                else:
                    'Okay, please give a more specific name.\n'
            else:
                start = file_list.index(tmp)

        c = 0
        while c <> 1:
            c, tmp = 0, None

            print '\n','Range End:'
            print '---------'
            last = raw_input('Please enter the last file to be included: ').lower()
            if not last:
                end = count
                break
            for name in file_list:
                if last in name.lower():
                    if not tmp:
                        tmp = name
                    c += 1
            if c == 0:
                print 'No matches were found for string:', last, ', please try again...'
            elif c > 1:
                print 'More than one file found, do you want to start from the first: '+tmp+' (Y/N?):'
                if raw_input('> ').upper() == 'Y':
                    last, c = file_list.index(tmp)+1, 1
                else:
                    'Okay, please give a more specific name.\n'
            else:
                end = file_list.index(tmp)+1

    else:
        start, end = 0, count

    return start, end, count

def make_excl_list():
    finished = False
    lst = []
    print '\n'
    print 'You will now be prompted for any text strings that you want to exclude from the'
    print 'renaming process. Please notes that these are not case sensitive i.e. "mar"'
    print 'would exclude any file names containing "MAR" or "Mar" etc. \n'

    while not finished:
        lst.append(raw_input('Enter exclusion text: ').lower())
        if raw_input('Do you want to add any more? (Y/N): ').upper()[0] == 'N':
            finished = True
    return lst

def rename_files(file_list, file_type):
    happy = False
    excl_list = []

    while not happy:
        print 'No of Digits:'
        print '------------'
        print 'How many digits do you want to use for the numbering e.g. 3 for 001 - 999'
        no_of_digits = int(raw_input('> '))

        print '\n', 'Start No:'
        print '--------'
        if raw_input('Do you want to start from 1? (Y/N): ').upper() == 'Y':
            file_no = 1
        else:
            file_no = int(raw_input('Please enter the number that you want to start from: '))


        print '\n', 'Exclusions:'
        print '----------'
        print 'Do you want to specify any exclusions (i.e. files to be left unchanged) (Y/N)?'
        excl = raw_input('> ').upper()

        if excl == 'Y':
            excl_list = make_excl_list()

        print '\n', 'Range:'
        print '-----'
        print 'Do you want to specify a range of filenames to be renamed (Y/N)?'
        rnge = raw_input('> ').upper()
        start, end, count = get_range(rnge, file_list, excl_list)

        print '\n', 'Prefix:'
        print '------'
        print 'Please enter the prefix that you want to use before the numbers (can be empty)'
        prefix = raw_input('> ')

        print '\n', 'Suffix:'
        print '------'
        print 'Please enter the suffix that you want to use after the numbers (can be empty)'
        print 'For a special suffix of _ and the month the file was last modified enter _mon'
        suffix = raw_input('> ')

        l = len(str(file_no))
        eg = prefix+'0'*(no_of_digits-l)+str(file_no)+suffix+' to '+prefix+'9'*no_of_digits+suffix
        print '\n', 'Naming schema set to:', eg

        print '\n', 'Proceed?'
        print '-------'
        if raw_input('Are you happy to proceed? (Y/N): ').upper() == 'Y':
            happy = True
        else:
            if raw_input('Do you want to change directory? (Y/N): ').upper() == 'Y':
                return False
            else:
                print 'Okay, we can go through the instructions again for the current directory\n'

    file_history = [] # contains a row per file with (file_no, old_name, new_name)

    print '\n', (end - start), file_type, 'files found wuthin range.'
    if raw_input('Do you want to rename these files? (Y/N): ').upper() == 'Y':
        print '\n', 'Starting renaming process...', '\n'

        # loop through specified range within file_list
        for n in range(start,end):
            excluded = False
            if excl == 'Y':
                for ex in excl_list:
                    if ex in file_list[n].lower():
                        excluded = True
                        print '***leaving file', file_list[n], 'because of exclusion:', ex

            if not excluded:        
                if suffix == '_mon':
                    use_suffix = '_'+time.ctime(os.path.getmtime(os.path.join(path, file_list[n])))[4:7]
                else:
                    use_suffix = suffix
                l = len(str(file_no))
                ext = file_list[n][file_list[n].rfind('.'):].lower()
                new_name = prefix+'0'*(no_of_digits-l)+str(file_no)+use_suffix+ext
                file_history.append((file_no, file_list[n], new_name))
                print '...renaming file', file_list[n], 'to', new_name
                os.rename(os.path.join(path,file_list[n]), os.path.join(path,new_name))
                file_no += 1
        if open_when_done:
            print '\n', 'Opening directory...', '\n'
            wb.open(path)
    else:
        return False

    print 'The files have now been re-named. However, a record has been taken of the old'
    print 'file names so that they can be reverted if required.','\n'

    if raw_input('Are you happy with the changes? (Y/N): ').upper() == 'Y':
        write_log_file(file_history, False)
        return True
    else:
        if raw_input('Do you want to revert to the old file name? (Y/N): ').upper() == 'Y':
            revert(file_history)
            write_log_file(file_history, True)
            print '\n', 'The files should now be restored to their original names'
        return True

def sort_list(l):
    if g_sort_type.upper() == 'DATE':
        file_date_tuple_list, sorted_files = [], []

        for i in l:
            d = os.path.getmtime(os.path.join(path,i))
            file_date_tuple = (i,d)
            file_date_tuple_list.append(file_date_tuple)

        file_date_tuple_list.sort(key=lambda x: x[1])

        for i in file_date_tuple_list:
            sorted_files.append(i[0])
        return sorted_files
    else:
        convert = lambda text: int(text) if text.isdigit() else text.lower()
        alphanum_key = lambda key: [ convert(c) for c in re.split('([0-9]+)', key) ]
        return sorted(l, key = alphanum_key)

def get_file_extensions(file_type):
    if file_type == 'image':
        lst = [
            '.bmp',      #Bitmap Image File
            '.dds',      #DirectDraw Surface
            '.dng',      #Digital Negative Image File
            '.gif',      #Graphical Interchange Format File
            '.jpg',      #JPEG Image
            '.png',      #Portable Network Graphic
            '.psd',      #Adobe Photoshop Document
            '.pspimage', #PaintShop Pro Image
            '.tga',      #Targa Graphic
            '.thm',      #Thumbnail Image File
            '.tif',      #Tagged Image File
            '.yuv',      #YUV Encoded Image File
            '.mov',      #Movie File
            '.avi',    
            '.mp4'
            ]  
    return lst

def make_list():
    selected = False

    while not selected:
        # Date or natural sort used to order contents as Windows does
        content = sort_list(os.listdir(path))
        print '\n', 'The current directory selected is:','\n', path,'\n'

        file_type = 'image'
        ext_list = get_file_extensions(file_type)
        file_list = []
        for name in content:
            if name[name.rfind('.'):].lower() in ext_list:
                file_list.append(name)
        print ''

        if len(file_list) == 0:
            print 'No image files have been found', '\n'
        else:
            selected = rename_files(file_list, file_type)
    return path

def get_dir():
    global path
    tmp_path, pict = None, None
    computer = os.environ.get('computername')

    if computer.lower() == 'prosser-pc':
        if os.getenv('username').lower() == 'rachel.prosser':
            pict = os.path.join('E:\Users', os.getenv('username'), 'Pictures', 'Family Photos')
        else:
            pict = os.path.join('E:\Users', os.getenv('username'), 'Pictures')
    else:
        pict = os.path.join(os.environ.get('userprofile'), 'Pictures')

    # start user from relevant pictures directory...
    os.chdir(pict)

    while not path:
        # if tmp_path assigned at end of previous loop use this, otherwise prompt for dir...
        if tmp_path:
            path = tmp_path
            tmp_path = None
        else:
            print 'Please select a directory to rename images...', '\n'
            path = fd.askdirectory()

        # false is returned if something goes wrong causing the loop to continue
        path = make_list()

        if raw_input('Do you want to Continue? (Y\N): ').upper() == 'Y':
            if raw_input('Do you want to use the same directory again? (Y\N): ').upper() == 'Y':
                tmp_path = path #store to use in next loop
            path = None #this will cause the loop to continue

def main():
    print 'Program written by Chris Prosser for his beloved wife Rachel.', '\n'
    print 'This program allows the user to select a directory and rename all of the files'
    print 'of a given type within that directory.', '\n'

    try:
        get_dir()
    except NameError:
        exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback = sys.exc_info()
        lines = traceback.format_exception(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback)
        print 'An error occurred, the details shown below will be written to an error log file:'
        print err_log
        print ''.join('!! ' + line for line in lines)
        with open(err_log, "a") as myfile:
            myfile.write(''.join('!! ' + line for line in lines))
    else:
        print '\n', '*** PROCESS COMPLETE ***'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

回答by tacaswell

import os
import os.path
img_types = ['jpg', 'tif']
for dirpath, dirnames, fnames in os.walk(base_path):
    imgs = [f for f in fnames if os.path.splitext(f)[1] in img_types]
    for j, im in enumerate(imgs):
        name, ext = os.path.splitext(im)
        os.rename(os.path.join(dirpath, im), os.path.join(dirpath,'{}.{}'.format(j, ext)))

回答by John

You could use os.walk:

你可以使用 os.walk：

for root, dirs, files in os.walk(folder):
    for i,f in enumerate(files):
        absname = os.path.join(root, f)
        newname = os.path.join(root, str(i))
        os.rename(absname, newname)

This should do exactly what you wanted.

这应该完全符合您的要求。

回答by Peace Ngara

The Easiest and Cleanest, Iterate through all the files and rename with index.

最简单，最干净，遍历所有文件并使用 index.js 重命名。

import os
os.getcwd()
collection = "C:/darth_vader"
for i, filename in enumerate(os.listdir(collection)):
    os.rename("C:/darth_vader/" + filename, "C:/darth_vader/" + str(i) + ".jpg")

回答by ParaH2

In Python 3.7.x (I don't know for the previous versions) this solution works any kind of files in the directory and I have not had any errors popping up so far.

在 Python 3.7.x（我不知道以前的版本）中，此解决方案适用于目录中的任何类型的文件，到目前为止我还没有出现任何错误。

import os

directory = 'C:/...'
os.chdir(directory)

for i, f in enumerate(os.listdir(directory)):
    f_name, f_ext = os.path.splitext(f)
    new_name = 'asyouwant {}'.format(asyouwant, f_ext)
    os.rename(f, new_name)

Be careful, you must provide the extension of the file (at the end) when you define 'new_name'.

请注意，您必须在定义“new_name”时提供文件的扩展名（在末尾）。

回答by Imran

Here's what i did when i had to change name of images from entire directory

当我不得不更改整个目录中的图像名称时，这是我所做的

import os
# Function to rename multiple files
def main():
   i = 0
   path="C:/Path/to/image/directory/"
   for filename in os.listdir(path):
      my_dest ="Object " + str(i) + ".jpg"
      my_source =path + filename
      my_dest =path + my_dest
  # rename() function will
  # rename all the files
      os.rename(my_source, my_dest)
      i += 1
# Driver Code
if __name__ == '__main__':
   # Calling main() function
   main()