如何在整齐的列中格式化 bash 命令的输出
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How can I format the output of a bash command in neat columns
提问by iconoclast
I have a function which outputs many rows of information which I want to format in columns. The problem is that the width of any particular "cell" (if I may use that term) of data is variable, so piping it to something like awk does not give me what I want.
我有一个函数，它输出我想在列中格式化的多行信息。问题是数据的任何特定“单元格”（如果我可以使用该术语）的宽度是可变的，因此将其传输到 awk 之类的东西并不能满足我的要求。
The function is "keys" (not that it matters) and I'm trying something like this:
该功能是“键”（并不重要），我正在尝试这样的事情：
$ keys | awk '{ print "\t\t" }'
but the output (a snippet of it, that is) looks like this:
但输出（它的一个片段，即）看起来像这样：
"option-y" yank-pop
"option-z" execute-last-named-cmd
"option-|" vi-goto-column
"option-~" _bash_complete-word
"option-control-?" backward-kill-word
"control-_" undo
"control-?" backward-delete-char
How can I force things to stay in neat columns? Is this possible with awk, or do I need to use something else?
我怎样才能强迫事物保持整齐的列？awk 可以做到这一点，还是我需要使用其他东西？
回答by Ignacio Vazquez-Abrams
column(1)is your friend.
column(1)是你的朋友。
$ column -t <<< '"option-y" yank-pop
> "option-z" execute-last-named-cmd
> "option-|" vi-goto-column
> "option-~" _bash_complete-word
> "option-control-?" backward-kill-word
> "control-_" undo
> "control-?" backward-delete-char
> '
"option-y" yank-pop
"option-z" execute-last-named-cmd
"option-|" vi-goto-column
"option-~" _bash_complete-word
"option-control-?" backward-kill-word
"control-_" undo
"control-?" backward-delete-char
回答by Koterpillar
Found this by searching for "linux output formatted columns".
通过搜索“linux output formatted columns”找到了这个。
http://www.unix.com/shell-programming-scripting/117543-formatting-output-columns.html
http://www.unix.com/shell-programming-scripting/117543-formatting-output-columns.html
For your needs, it's like:
根据您的需求，它就像：
awk '{ printf "%-20s %-40s\n", , }'
回答by geekosaur
While awk's printfcan be used, you may want to look into pror (on BSDish systems) rsfor formatting.
虽然可以使用awk's printf，但您可能需要查看pr或 （在 BSDish 系统上）rs进行格式化。
回答by user2961066
Since AIX doesn't have a "column" command, I created the simplistic script below. It would be even shorter without the doc & input edits... :)
由于 AIX 没有“列”命令，我创建了下面的简单脚本。如果没有文档和输入编辑，它会更短...... :)
#!/usr/bin/perl
# column.pl: convert STDIN to multiple columns on STDOUT
# Usage: column.pl column-width number-of-columns file...
#
$width = shift;
($width ne '') or die "must give column-width and number-of-columns\n";
$columns = shift;
($columns ne '') or die "must give number-of-columns\n";
($x = $width) =~ s/[^0-9]//g;
($x eq $width) or die "invalid column-width: $width\n";
($x = $columns) =~ s/[^0-9]//g;
($x eq $columns) or die "invalid number-of-columns: $columns\n";
$w = $width * -1; $c = $columns;
while (<>) {
chomp;
if ( $c-- > 1 ) {
printf "%${w}s", $_;
next;
}
$c = $columns;
printf "%${w}s\n", $_;
}
print "\n";
回答by Vytenis Bivainis
Try
尝试
xargs -n2 printf "%-20s%s\n"
or even
甚至
xargs printf "%-20s%s\n"
if input is not very large.
如果输入不是很大。
回答by Lewis R
If your output is delimited by tabs a quick solution would be to use the tabscommand to adjust the size of your tabs.
如果您的输出由制表符分隔，一个快速的解决方案是使用该tabs命令来调整制表符的大小。
tabs 20
keys | awk '{ print "\t\t" }'
