在 Linux 中为特定用户运行的每个进程有多少打开的文件
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How many open files for each process running for a specific user in Linux
提问by tesla-rules
Running Apache and Jboss on Linux, sometimes my server halts unexpectedly saying that the problem was Too Many Open Files.
在 Linux 上运行 Apache 和 Jboss，有时我的服务器会意外停止，说问题是打开的文件太多。
I know that we might set a higher limit for nprocand nofileat /etc/security/limits.confto fix the open files problem, but I am trying to get better output, such as using watchto monitor them in real-time.
我知道我们可能会在/etc/security/limits.conf 中为nproc和nofile设置更高的限制来解决打开文件的问题，但我正在尝试获得更好的输出，例如使用watch实时监控它们。
With this command line I can see how many open files per PID:
通过这个命令行，我可以看到每个 PID 有多少打开的文件：
lsof -u apache | awk '{print }' | sort | uniq -c | sort -n
Output (Column 1 is # of open files for the user apache):
输出（第 1 列是用户 apache 的打开文件数）：
1 PID
1335 13880
1389 13897
1392 13882
If I could just add the watch command it would be enough, but the code below isn't working:
如果我可以添加 watch 命令就足够了，但是下面的代码不起作用：
watch lsof -u apache | awk '{print }' | sort | uniq -c | sort -n
回答by Gearoid Murphy
This command will tell you how many files Apache has opened:
此命令将告诉您 Apache 打开了多少个文件：
ps -A x |grep apache | awk '{print }' | xargs -I '{}' ls /proc/{}/fd | wc -l
You may have to run it as root in order to access the process fd directory. This sounds like you've got a web application which isn't closing its file descriptors. I would focus my efforts on that area.
您可能必须以 root 身份运行它才能访问进程 fd 目录。这听起来像是您有一个未关闭其文件描述符的 Web 应用程序。我会把我的精力集中在那个领域。
回答by reader_1000
You should put the command insides quotes like this:
您应该将命令放在引号中，如下所示：
watch 'lsof -u apache | awk '\''{print }'\'' | sort | uniq -c | sort -n'
or you can put the command into a shell script like test.sh and then use watch.
或者您可以将命令放入像 test.sh 这样的 shell 脚本中，然后使用 watch。
chmod +x test.sh
watch ./test.sh
