通过自己的 Java 客户端通过 HTTPS/SSL 连接的问题

Problems connecting via HTTPS/SSL through own Java client

提问by Feinund

I'm trying to establish a connection to trackobot.com to receive some JSON data. The server only allows connections through HTTPS/SSL. Here is the code:

我正在尝试与 trackobot.com 建立连接以接收一些 JSON 数据。服务器只允许通过 HTTPS/SSL 进行连接。这是代码：

java.lang.System.setProperty("https.protocols", "TLSv1,TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2");
URL url = new URL("https://trackobot.com/profile/history.json?username=USER&token=TOCKEN");     
InputStream is = url.openStream(); 
JsonParser parser = Json.createParser(is);

openSteam throws javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: Received fatal alert: handshake_failure

openSteam 抛出 javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException：收到致命警报：handshake_failure

I read through several posts related to similar problems but none of the suggestions helped. The appropriate certificate is in my truststore. When I try to connect to, for example, google.com there is no error. So, the problem seems to be in the handshake-specifics of the server I'm trying to connect to.

我通读了几篇与类似问题相关的帖子，但没有任何建议有帮助。适当的证书在我的信任库中。例如，当我尝试连接到 google.com 时，没有错误。因此，问题似乎出在我尝试连接的服务器的握手细节中。

I ran my code using -Djavax.net.debug=ssl returning this:

我使用 -Djavax.net.debug=ssl 运行我的代码返回这个：

keyStore is : 
keyStore type is : jks
keyStore provider is : 
init keystore
init keymanager of type SunX509
trustStore is: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_25.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/security/cacerts
trustStore type is : jks
trustStore provider is : 
init truststore

[Here I removed hundreds of ?adding as trusted cert“:… lines]

trigger seeding of SecureRandom
done seeding SecureRandom
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA
Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
Allow unsafe renegotiation: false
Allow legacy hello messages: true
Is initial handshake: true
Is secure renegotiation: false
main, setSoTimeout(0) called
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1.1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1.1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1.1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1.1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1.1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1.1
Ignoring unsupported cipher suite: TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 for TLSv1.1
%% No cached client session
*** ClientHello, TLSv1.2
RandomCookie:  GMT: 1433943269 bytes = { 109, 198, 189, 148, 62, 6, 19, 126, 179, 214, 250, 99, 207, 117, 162, 47, 62, 176, 222, 247, 98, 29, 155, 63, 255, 100, 171, 187 }
Session ID:  {}
Cipher Suites: [TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, TLS_ECDH_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5, TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV]
Compression Methods:  { 0 }
Extension elliptic_curves, curve names: {secp256r1, sect163k1, sect163r2, secp192r1, secp224r1, sect233k1, sect233r1, sect283k1, sect283r1, secp384r1, sect409k1, sect409r1, secp521r1, sect571k1, sect571r1, secp160k1, secp160r1, secp160r2, sect163r1, secp192k1, sect193r1, sect193r2, secp224k1, sect239k1, secp256k1}
Extension ec_point_formats, formats: [uncompressed]
Extension signature_algorithms, signature_algorithms: SHA512withECDSA, SHA512withRSA, SHA384withECDSA, SHA384withRSA, SHA256withECDSA, SHA256withRSA, SHA224withECDSA, SHA224withRSA, SHA1withECDSA, SHA1withRSA, SHA1withDSA, MD5withRSA
Extension server_name, server_name: [type=host_name (0), value=trackobot.com]
***
main, WRITE: TLSv1.2 Handshake, length = 229
main, READ: TLSv1.2 Alert, length = 2
main, RECV TLSv1.2 ALERT:  fatal, handshake_failure
main, called closeSocket()
main, handling exception: javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: Received fatal alert: handshake_failure
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: Received fatal alert: handshake_failure
    at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:192)
    at sun.security.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:154)
    at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.recvAlert(SSLSocketImpl.java:1991)
    at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:1104)
    at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1343)
    at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1371)
    at sun.security.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1355)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.afterConnect(HttpsClient.java:563)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.connect(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:185)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream0(HttpURLConnection.java:1511)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1439)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:254)
    at java.net.URL.openStream(URL.java:1038)
    at trackbot.readHistory(trackbot.java:37)
    at hsanalytics.main(hsanalytics.java:6)
Ende

Furthermore, I use openssl and a perl script (analyze-ssl.pl) to check the server.

此外，我使用 openssl 和 perl 脚本（analyze-ssl.pl）来检查服务器。

For openssl s_client -connect trackobot.com:443 I got:

对于 openssl s_client -connect trackobot.com:443 我得到：

CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=2 /C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Certification Authority
verify error:num=19:self signed certificate in certificate chain
verify return:0
---
Certificate chain
 0 s:/C=CH/CN=www.trackobot.com/emailAddress=[e-mail]
   i:/C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Class 1 Primary Intermediate Server CA
 1 s:/C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Class 1 Primary Intermediate Server CA
   i:/C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Certification Authority
 2 s:/C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Certification Authority
   i:/C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Certification Authority
---
Server certificate
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIGaTCCBVGgAwIBAgIHBaEI9iSK1jANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADCBjDELMAkGA1UE
BhMCSUwxFjAUBgNVBAoTDVN0YXJ0Q29tIEx0ZC4xKzApBgNVBAsTIlNlY3VyZSBE
aWdpdGFsIENlcnRpZm
[...]
bnCZTkntRP7wPfw6DpPdJzt8BD0Rpp0B8fVUkqkUujP
FEgspzHXqvAp3gzDuNVlElZ4pxSC/06x9xlPua4KnnKIPMVK0DjyXKdPgUaw6YH9
I3SprrGd/B5AoxdPYDM1qRGC+hto3YDnAb29CRFx13mfiEF9En6YrmlZMwJ/dMjo
RcvkqpjoxTLODmX9gWgdJ27Ublq/4f/Q9nlVfx4v00eYyqyMYY6IMlOUWEBvWoAv
zorzLLY9PmepXJtkCw==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
subject=/C=CH/CN=www.trackobot.com/emailAddress=[e-mail]
issuer=/C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Class 1 Primary Intermediate Server CA
---
No client certificate CA names sent
---
SSL handshake has read 5848 bytes and written 328 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA
Server public key is 2048 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
SSL-Session:
    Protocol  : TLSv1
    Cipher    : DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA
    Session-ID: A868799D47C550929ADF026FDC48CABD2444C96FDDAB86036196029BF7754D1B
    Session-ID-ctx: 
    Master-Key: 6C0E428129970C6B1E358E134B12125373BED6FF50D55004A68A9042AD4E51C6D70BB8480266CC1BD1F11B093E212BFC
    Key-Arg   : None
    Start Time: 1433943895
    Timeout   : 300 (sec)
    Verify return code: 0 (ok)
---

For analyze-ssl trackobot.com:443 I got:

对于analyze-ssl trackobot.com:443，我得到：

-- trackobot.com port 443
 ! server sent unused chain certificate '/C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Certification Authority'
 ! server sent unused chain certificate '/C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Certification Authority'
 * maximum SSL version  : TLSv1_2 (SSLv23)
 * supported SSL versions with handshake used and preferred cipher(s):
   * handshake protocols ciphers
   * SSLv23    TLSv1_2   ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
   * TLSv1_2   TLSv1_2   ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
   * TLSv1_1   TLSv1_1   ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA
   * TLSv1     TLSv1     ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA
   * SSLv3     FAILED: SSL connect attempt failed because of handshake problems error:14094410:SSL routines:SSL3_READ_BYTES:sslv3 alert handshake failure 
 * cipher order by      : server
 * SNI supported        : ok
 * certificate verified : ok
 * chain on 5.102.146.151
   * [0/0] bits=2048, ocsp_uri=http://ocsp.startssl.com/sub/class1/server/ca, /C=CH/CN=www.trackobot.com/emailAddress=[e-mail] SAN=DNS:www.trackobot.com,DNS:trackobot.com
   * [1/1] bits=2048, ocsp_uri=http://ocsp.startssl.com/ca, /C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Class 1 Primary Intermediate Server CA
   * [2/-] bits=4096, ocsp_uri=, /C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Certification Authority
   * [-/2] bits=4096, ocsp_uri=, /C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Certification Authority
 * OCSP stapling        : no stapled response
 * OCSP status          : good (soft error: no ocsp_uri for /C=IL/O=StartCom Ltd./OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing/CN=StartCom Certification Authority)

Versions:

版本：

Mac OSX 10.10.3
OpenSSL 0.9.8zd 8 Jan 2015
java version "1.8.0_25"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_25-b17)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.25-b02, mixed mode)

Can anyone spot where my Java program fails? What can I do to meet the handshake requirements of the server? I this really the issue?

谁能发现我的 Java 程序失败的地方？如何满足服务器的握手要求？我真的是这个问题吗？

采纳答案by ZhongYu

According to https://www.ssllabs.com, the server supports cipher suites

根据https://www.ssllabs.com，服务器支持密码套件

TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384
TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA 
TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384
TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256
TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA 

They are listed as "unavailable cipher suite" as you can see in the debug messages.

正如您在调试消息中看到的那样，它们被列为“不可用的密码套件”。

In the JRE/lib/security/local_policy.jar, we see

在 JRE/lib/security/local_policy.jar 中，我们看到

// Some countries have import limits on crypto strength. This policy file
// is worldwide importable.

grant {
    permission javax.crypto.CryptoPermission "DES", 64;
    permission javax.crypto.CryptoPermission "DESede", *;
    permission javax.crypto.CryptoPermission "RC2", 128, 
                                     "javax.crypto.spec.RC2ParameterSpec", 128;
    permission javax.crypto.CryptoPermission "RC4", 128;
    permission javax.crypto.CryptoPermission "RC5", 128, 
          "javax.crypto.spec.RC5ParameterSpec", *, 12, *;
    permission javax.crypto.CryptoPermission "RSA", *;
    permission javax.crypto.CryptoPermission *, 128;
};

Download and install "(JCE) Unlimited Strength Jurisdiction Policy Files" - http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jce8-download-2133166.html- and I can confirm that the problem is solved. The read me file says

下载并安装“(JCE) Unlimited Strength Jurisdiction Policy Files” - http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jce8-download-2133166.html- 我可以确认问题已解决。自述文件说

Due to import control restrictions of some countries, the version of the JCE policy files that are bundled in the Java Runtime Environment, or JRE(TM), 8 environment allow "strong" but limited cryptography to be used. This download bundle (the one including this README file) provides "unlimited strength" policy files which contain no restrictions on cryptographic strengths.

由于某些国家/地区的进口控制限制，捆绑在 Java 运行时环境或 JRE(TM), 8 环境中的 JCE 策略文件版本允许使用“强”但有限的加密。此下载包（包含此 README 文件的包）提供“无限强度”策略文件，其中不包含对加密强度的限制。

回答by Steffen Ullrich

Cipher Suites: [TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256, ...

密码套件：[TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256，...

There are no AES256 cipher suites offered by you Java client.

您的 Java 客户端没有提供 AES256 密码套件。

Ignoring unavailable cipher suite: TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA

忽略不可用的密码套件：TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA

Because they are not available in your application. I'm not an Java expert but either these are not available in your Java or they need to be explicitly enabled. They are needed because the server only supports AES256 ciphers:

因为它们在您的应用程序中不可用。我不是 Java 专家，但要么这些在您的 Java 中不可用，要么需要明确启用。它们是必需的，因为服务器仅支持 AES256 密码：

 $ perl analyze-ssl.pl -v3 --all-ciphers trackobot.com
 ...
* supported ciphers with SSLv23 handshake
 * TLSv1_2 ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
 * TLSv1_2 ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384
 * TLSv1_2 ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA
 * TLSv1_2 DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
 * TLSv1_2 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256
 * TLSv1_2 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA

It might be that the version of Java you use has no support for AES256 because of export regulations, see https://knowledge.safe.com/articles/Error_Unexpected_Behavior/Enabling-AES256-in-the-Java-Runtime-Environment-for-Single-Sign-On

可能是您使用的 Java 版本由于出口法规不支持 AES256，请参阅https://knowledge.safe.com/articles/Error_Unexpected_Behavior/Enabling-AES256-in-the-Java-Runtime-Environment-for - 单点登录

回答by Feinund

Thanks to Steffen Ullrich's tipp I checked the ciphers java had available. Apparently, in Java 8 you don't have unlimited strength for your ciphers. For example, in my case my program couldn't use a AES 256bit cipher which the server required.

感谢 Steffen Ullrich 的提示，我检查了 java 可用的密码。显然，在 Java 8 中，您的密码没有无限的强度。例如，在我的情况下，我的程序无法使用服务器所需的 AES 256 位密码。

To solve this, oracle provides a bundle of policy files that allow for unlimited strength encryption. You can find it here.

为了解决这个问题，oracle 提供了一组允许无限强度加密的策略文件。你可以在这里找到它。

The README states:

自述文件指出：

Due to import control restrictions of some countries, the version of the JCE policy files that are bundled in the Java Runtime Environment, or JRE(TM), 8 environment allow "strong" but limited cryptography to be used.

由于某些国家/地区的进口控制限制，捆绑在 Java 运行时环境或 JRE(TM), 8 环境中的 JCE 策略文件版本允许使用“强”但有限的加密。

Just download the bundle and replace appropriate files as stated in the install instructions. After I did that, the handshake worked like a charm.

只需下载捆绑包并按照安装说明中的说明替换相应的文件即可。在我这样做之后，握手就像一个魅力。

回答by ericW

You probably need upgrade your JDK, we had similar problem on our linux server. We tried different approaches. Nothing seemed to work including installing new JCE.

您可能需要升级您的 JDK，我们在我们的 linux 服务器上遇到了类似的问题。我们尝试了不同的方法。似乎没有任何工作，包括安装新的 JCE。

There is one bug in the JDK about SSL Connection HostnameVerifier that disables SNI extension causing a handshake failure: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/2col/8u141-bugfixes-3720387.html.

JDK 中有一个关于 SSL Connection HostnameVerifier 的错误，它禁用了 SNI 扩展，导致握手失败：http: //www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/2col/8u141-bugfixes-3720387.html。

We upgraded to the latest jdk 8u162, everything looks good now.

我们升级到最新的 jdk 8u162，现在一切都很好。