处理命令行参数和Spring
时间:2020-03-06 14:42:37 来源:igfitidea点击:
当我编写一个解析命令行参数的Spring命令行应用程序时,如何将它们传递给Spring?我是否要对main()进行结构化,使其首先解析命令行args,然后解析其Spring?即使这样,它将如何将持有解析的args的对象传递给Spring?
解决方案
这是一个为Main方法引导皮带弹簧的示例,只需像往常一样简单地获取传递的参数,然后使我们在bean上调用的函数(在deployer.execute()的情况下)将它们作为String或者通过我们认为合适的任何格式。
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ConfigurationException {
Deployer deployer = bootstrapSpring();
deployer.execute();
}
private static Deployer bootstrapSpring()
{
FileSystemXmlApplicationContext appContext = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("spring/deployerContext.xml");
Deployer deployer = (Deployer)appContext.getBean("deployer");
return deployer;
}
我可以想到两种可能性。
1)设置静态参考。 (尽管通常不赞成使用静态变量,但在这种情况下可以,因为只能有1个命令行调用)。
public class MyApp {
public static String[] ARGS;
public static void main(String[] args) {
ARGS = args;
// create context
}
}
然后,我们可以通过以下方式在Spring中引用命令行参数:
<util:constant static-field="MyApp.ARGS"/>
或者(如果我们完全反对静态变量),则可以:
2)以编程方式将args添加到应用程序上下文中:
public class MyApp2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = new DefaultListableBeanFactory();
// Define a bean and register it
BeanDefinition beanDefinition = BeanDefinitionBuilder.
rootBeanDefinition(Arrays.class, "asList")
.addConstructorArgValue(args).getBeanDefinition();
beanFactory.registerBeanDefinition("args", beanDefinition);
GenericApplicationContext cmdArgCxt = new GenericApplicationContext(beanFactory);
// Must call refresh to initialize context
cmdArgCxt.refresh();
// Create application context, passing command line context as parent
ApplicationContext mainContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(CONFIG_LOCATIONS, cmdArgCxt);
// See if it's in the context
System.out.println("Args: " + mainContext.getBean("args"));
}
private static String[] CONFIG_LOCATIONS = new String[] {
"applicationContext.xml"
};
}
解析命令行参数留给读者练习。
我们还可以将Object数组作为第二个参数传递给getBean,它将用作构造函数或者工厂的参数。
public static void main(String[] args) {
Mybean m = (Mybean)context.getBean("mybean", new Object[] {args});
}
考虑以下类别:
public class ExternalBeanReferneceFactoryBean
extends AbstractFactoryBean
implements BeanNameAware {
private static Map<String, Object> instances = new HashMap<String, Object>();
private String beanName;
/**
* @param instance the instance to set
*/
public static void setInstance(String beanName, Object instance) {
instances.put(beanName, instance);
}
@Override
protected Object createInstance()
throws Exception {
return instances.get(beanName);
}
@Override
public Class<?> getObjectType() {
return instances.get(beanName).getClass();
}
@Override
public void setBeanName(String name) {
this.beanName = name;
}
}
随着:
/**
* Starts the job server.
* @param args command line arguments
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// parse the command line
CommandLineParser parser = new GnuParser();
CommandLine cmdLine = null;
try {
cmdLine = parser.parse(OPTIONS, args);
} catch(ParseException pe) {
System.err.println("Error parsing command line: "+pe.getMessage());
new HelpFormatter().printHelp("command", OPTIONS);
return;
}
// create root beanFactory
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = new DefaultListableBeanFactory();
// register bean definition for the command line
ExternalBeanReferneceFactoryBean.setInstance("commandLine", cmdLine);
beanFactory.registerBeanDefinition("commandLine", BeanDefinitionBuilder
.rootBeanDefinition(ExternalBeanReferneceFactoryBean.class)
.getBeanDefinition());
// create application context
GenericApplicationContext rootAppContext = new GenericApplicationContext(beanFactory);
rootAppContext.refresh();
// create the application context
ApplicationContext appContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] {
"/commandlineapp/applicationContext.xml"
}, rootAppContext);
System.out.println(appContext.getBean("commandLine"));
}
在http://github.com/sazzer/spring-cli上查看我的Spring-CLI库,这是实现此目的的一种方法。它为我们提供了一个自动加载spring上下文的主类,并具有使用Commons-CLI来自动解析命令行参数并将其注入到bean中的能力。

