bash 打印 'find' linux 命令找到匹配项的目录
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Print the directory where the 'find' linux command finds a match
提问by Disco
I have a bunch of directories; some of them contain a '.todo' file.
我有一堆目录；其中一些包含“.todo”文件。
/storage/BCC9F9D00663A8043F8D73369E920632/.todo
/storage/BAE9BBF30CCEF5210534E875FC80D37E/.todo
/storage/CBB46FF977EE166815A042F3DEEFB865/.todo
/storage/8ABCBF3194F5D7E97E83C4FD042AB8E7/.todo
/storage/9DB9411F403BD282B097CBF06A9687F5/.todo
/storage/99A9BA69543CD48BA4BD59594169BBAC/.todo
/storage/0B6FB65D4E46CBD8A9B1E704CFACC42E/.todo
I'd like the 'find' command to print me only the directory, like this
我想要'find'命令只打印目录，就像这样
/storage/BCC9F9D00663A8043F8D73369E920632
/storage/BAE9BBF30CCEF5210534E875FC80D37E
/storage/CBB46FF977EE166815A042F3DEEFB865
...
here's what I have so far, but it lists the '.todo' file as well
这是我到目前为止所拥有的，但它也列出了“.todo”文件
#!/bin/bash
STORAGEFOLDER='/storage'
find $STORAGEFOLDER -name .todo -exec ls -l {} \;
Should be dumb stupid, but i'm giving up :(
应该是愚蠢的愚蠢，但我要放弃:(
回答by konsolebox
To print the directory name only, use -printf '%h\n'. Also recommended to quote your variable with doublequotes.
要仅打印目录名称，请使用-printf '%h\n'. 还建议用双引号引用您的变量。
find "$STORAGEFOLDER" -name .todo -printf '%h\n'
If you want to process the output:
如果要处理输出：
find "$STORAGEFOLDER" -name .todo -printf '%h\n' | xargs ls -l
Or use a loop with process substitution to make use of a variable:
或者使用带有进程替换的循环来使用变量：
while read -r DIR; do
ls -l "$DIR"
done < <(exec find "$STORAGEFOLDER" -name .todo -printf '%h\n')
The loop would actually process one directory at a time whereas in xargs the directories are passed ls -lin one shot.
循环实际上一次处理一个目录，而在 xargs 中，目录是ls -l一次性传递的。
To make it sure that you only process one directory at a time, add uniq:
要确保一次只处理一个目录，请添加 uniq：
find "$STORAGEFOLDER" -name .todo -printf '%h\n' | uniq | xargs ls -l
Or
或者
while read -r DIR; do
ls -l "$DIR"
done < <(exec find "$STORAGEFOLDER" -name .todo -printf '%h\n' | uniq)
If you don't have bash and that you don't mind about preserving changes to variables outside the loop you can just use a pipe:
如果您没有 bash 并且您不介意在循环外保留对变量的更改，则可以使用管道：
find "$STORAGEFOLDER" -name .todo -printf '%h\n' | uniq | while read -r DIR; do
ls -l "$DIR"
done
回答by TRiG
The quick and easy answer for stripping off a file name and showing only the directory it's in is dirname:
去除文件名并仅显示其所在目录的快速简便的答案是dirname：
#!/bin/bash
STORAGEFOLDER='/storage'
find "$STORAGEFOLDER" -name .todo -exec dirname {} \;
