bash 使用 Sed Mac 终端查找和替换空格
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Find and Replace with Spaces using Sed Mac Terminal
提问by Leonna Sylvester
I have a .CSV file with over 500,000 lines that I need to:
我有一个超过 500,000 行的 .CSV 文件，我需要：
- find all 'space double quote space' sequences and replace with nothing
- find all 'space double quote' sequences and replace with nothing
- find all double quotes and replace with nothing
- 找到所有“空格双引号空格”序列并用空替换
- 找到所有“空格双引号”序列并用空替换
- 查找所有双引号并用空替换
Example of .CSV line:
.CSV 行示例：
"DISH Hartford & New Haven (Hartford)", "206", "FBNHD", " 06028", " East Windsor Hill", "CT", "Hartford County"
** Required output**
** 所需输出**
DISH Hartford & New Haven (Hartford),206,FBNHD,06028,East Windsor Hill,CT,Hartford County
I need to remove all double quotes (") and spaces in front of and behind the commas (,).
我需要删除所有双引号 ( ") 和逗号 ( ,)前后的空格。
I've tried
我试过了
$ cd /Users/Leonna/Downloads/
$ cat bs-B2Bformat.csv | sed s/ " //g
This gives me the 'command incomplete' greater than prompt, so I then tried:
这给了我比提示更大的“命令不完整”，所以我尝试了：
$ cat bs-B2Bformat.csv | sed s/ " //g
sed: 1: "s/": unterminated substitute pattern
$ cat bs-B2Bformat.csv |sed s/ \" //g
sed: 1: "s/": unterminated substitute pattern
$
There are too many lines for me to edit in Excel (Excel won't load all the lines) or even a text editor. How can I fix this?
我需要在 Excel 中编辑太多行（Excel 不会加载所有行）甚至文本编辑器。我怎样才能解决这个问题？
回答by brunocodutra
Quoted from here:
从这里引用：
For POSIX compliance, use the character class [[:space:]] instead of \s, since the latter is a GNU sed extension.
为了符合 POSIX，请使用字符类 [[:space:]] 而不是 \s，因为后者是 GNU sed 扩展。
Based on that, I would suggest the following, which, as Jonathan Lefflerpointed out, is portable across GNU and BSD implementations.
基于此，我建议以下内容，正如Jonathan Leffler指出的那样，它可以跨 GNU 和 BSD 实现移植。
sed -E 's/[[:space:]]?"[[:space:]]?//g' <path/to/file>
The -Eflag enables extended regular expressionson BSD implementations. On GNU sedit is undocumented, but as discussed here, it enables compatibility with the BSD standard.
该-E标志在 BSD 实现上启用扩展正则表达式。在 GNU 上sed它是未记录的，但正如这里所讨论的，它能够与 BSD 标准兼容。
Quoted from the manual for BSD sed:
引用自BSD 手册sed：
-E Interpret regular expressions as extended (modern) regular expressions rather than basic regular expressions (BRE's).
-E 将正则表达式解释为扩展（现代）正则表达式而不是基本正则表达式 (BRE)。
Applying the above command on a file containing the following single line
在包含以下单行的文件上应用上述命令
"DISH Hartford & New Haven (Hartford)", "206", "FBNHD", " 06028", " East Windsor Hill", "CT", "Hartford County"
“DISH Hartford & New Haven (Hartford)”、“206”、“FBNHD”、“06028”、“East Windsor Hill”、“CT”、“Hartford County”
it yields
它产生
DISH Hartford & New Haven (Hartford),206,FBNHD,06028,East Windsor Hill,CT,Hartford County
DISH Hartford & New Haven (Hartford),206,FBNHD,06028,East Windsor Hill,CT,Hartford County
回答by Shylo Hana
This should do it:
这应该这样做：
sed -i 's/\(\s\|\)"\(\|\s\)//g' bs-B2Bformat.csv
回答by iamauser
This works for me. Is this what you want ?
这对我有用。这是你想要的吗 ？
sed -e 's|", "|,|g' -e 's|^"||g' -e 's|"$||g' file.csv
echo '"DISH Hartford & New Haven (Hartford)", "206", "FBNHD", " 06028", " East Windsor Hill", "CT", "Hartford County"' | sed -e 's|", "|,|g' -e 's|^"||g' -e 's|"$||g'
DISH Hartford & New Haven (Hartford),206,FBNHD, 06028, East Windsor Hill,CT,Hartford County
回答by Birei
One way is to use pythonand its csvmodule:
一种方法是使用python及其csv模块：
import csv
import sys
## Open file provided as argument.
with open(sys.argv[1], 'r') as f:
## Create the csv reader and writer. Avoid to quote fields in output.
reader = csv.reader(f, skipinitialspace=True)
writer = csv.writer(sys.stdout, quoting=csv.QUOTE_NONE, escapechar='\')
## Read file line by line, remove leading and trailing white spaces and
## print.
for row in reader:
row = [field.strip() for field in row]
writer.writerow(row)
Run it like:
像这样运行它：
python3 script.py csvfile
That yields:
这产生：
DISH Hartford & New Haven (Hartford),206,FBNHD,06028,East Windsor Hill,CT,Hartford County
回答by Nashenas
What all of the current answers seemed to miss:
当前所有的答案似乎都遗漏了什么：
$ cat bs-B2Bformat.csv | sed s/ " //g sed: 1: "s/": unterminated substitute pattern $ cat bs-B2Bformat.csv |sed s/ \" //g sed: 1: "s/": unterminated substitute pattern $
$ cat bs-B2Bformat.csv | sed s/ " //g sed: 1: "s/": unterminated substitute pattern $ cat bs-B2Bformat.csv |sed s/ \" //g sed: 1: "s/": unterminated substitute pattern $
The problem in the above is missing single quotes. It should have been:
上面的问题是缺少单引号。本来应该是：
$ cat bs-B2Bformat.csv | sed 's/ " //g'
^ ^
Without the single quotes, bash splits at the spaces and sends three separate arguments (well at least for the case of \"). sed was seeing its first argument as just s/.
如果没有单引号，bash 在空格处拆分并发送三个单独的参数（至少对于 的情况是这样 \"）。sed 将其第一个参数视为 just s/。
Edit: FYI, single quotes are not required, they just make this case easier. If you want to use double quotes, just escape the one you want to keep for matching:
编辑：仅供参考，不需要单引号，它们只是使这种情况更容易。如果你想使用双引号，只需转义你想保留的匹配：
$ cat bs-B2Bformat.csv | sed "s/ \" //g"
