如何在 bash 脚本中为 sendmail 保留换行符？
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How do I preserve new line characters for sendmail in bash script?
提问by Charlie
Why isn't the following preserving the new line characters in the resulted email?
为什么以下不保留结果电子邮件中的换行符？
#!/bin/bash
file="/tmp/ip.txt"
address=$(curl -s http://ipecho.net/plain; echo)
ifconfig=$(ifconfig)
function build_body
{
echo "----------------------------------------------------------------" > $file
echo "IP Address: $address (according to http://ipecho.net/plain)" >> $file
echo "----------------------------------------------------------------" >> $file
echo >> $file
echo "Result from ifconfig:" >> $file
echo >> $file
echo "$ifconfig" >> $file
echo >> $file
}
build_body
msg=$(cat $file)
mail="subject:Home Server Status\nfrom:[email protected]\n$msg"
echo $mail | /usr/sbin/sendmail "[email protected]"
I receive the email this script generates, however, the whole body is all on one line! /tmp/ip.txt is exactly how I want the email to look.
我收到了此脚本生成的电子邮件，但是，整个正文都在一行上！/tmp/ip.txt 正是我希望电子邮件的外观。
回答by postsasaguest
I ran into this recently. I was able to resolve it adding the '-e' option to echo.
我最近遇到了这个。我能够通过添加'-e'选项来解决它。
Change this:
改变这个：
echo $mail | /usr/sbin/sendmail "[email protected]"
回声 $mail | /usr/sbin/sendmail "[email protected]"
To This:
对此：
echo -e "$mail" | /usr/sbin/sendmail "[email protected]"
echo -e "$mail" | /usr/sbin/sendmail "[email protected]"
Hopefully that helps.
希望这有帮助。
回答by AnFi
You may use "here documents" (<<END), make the function output its results to standard output.
您可以使用“此处文档”( <<END)，使函数将其结果输出到标准输出。
#!/bin/bash
address=$(curl -s http://ipecho.net/plain; echo)
function build_body
{
cat <<END
----------------------------------------------------------------
IP Address: $address (according to http://ipecho.net/plain)
----------------------------------------------------------------
Result from ifconfig:
END
ifconfig
echo
}
( cat <<END; build_body) | /usr/sbin/sendmail -i -- "[email protected]"
Subject:Home Server Status
From:[email protected]
END
回答by grebneke
- Use double-quotes:
echo "$mail" | /usr/bin/sendmail ... - Shouldn't that be two
\nbetween the headers and message:
- 使用双引号：
echo "$mail" | /usr/bin/sendmail ... \n标题和消息之间不应该是两个：
as in:
如：
mail="subject:Home Server Status\nfrom:[email protected]\n\n$msg"
回答by John1024
{
printf "subject:Home Server Status\nfrom:[email protected]\n\n"
cat "$file"
} | /usr/sbin/sendmail "[email protected]"
With echo $mail, the contents of the file appear on the command line and bash processes them with word expansion. With cat "$file", the file name appears on the command line but the contents of the file do not and are thus safe from bash.
使用echo $mail，文件的内容出现在命令行上，bash 用单词扩展处理它们。使用cat "$file"，文件名出现在命令行上，但文件的内容不会出现，因此不受 bash 的影响。
