python：加载共享库时出错：libpython3.4m.so.1.0：无法打开共享对象文件：没有这样的文件或目录
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python: error while loading shared libraries: libpython3.4m.so.1.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
提问by user785099
I have created a python virtual environment using virtualenv, after activating it, I can see where is Python installed,
我使用virtualenv创建了一个python虚拟环境，激活后可以看到Python安装在哪里，
(virtualenv-test) bash-4.1$ whereis python
python: /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/python2.6-config /usr/bin/python /usr/lib/python2.6 /usr/lib64/python2.6 /usr/X11R6/bin/python2.6 /usr/X11R6/bin/python2.6-config /usr/X11R6/bin/python /usr/bin/X11/python2.6 /usr/bin/X11/python2.6-config /usr/bin/X11/python /usr/include/python2.6 /usr/share/man/man1/python.1.gz
(virtualenv-test) bash-4.1$ which python
/data/virtualenv-test/bin/python
(virtualenv-test) bash-4.1$ whereis python
python: /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/python2.6-config /usr/bin/python /usr/lib/python2.6 /usr/lib64/python2.6 /usr/X11R6/bin/python2 .6 /usr/X11R6/bin/python2.6-config /usr/X11R6/bin/python /usr/bin/X11/python2.6 /usr/bin/X11/python2.6-config /usr/bin/X11 /python /usr/include/python2.6 /usr/share/man/man1/python.1.gz
(virtualenv-test) bash-4.1$ which python
/data/virtualenv-test/bin/python
However, after typing python, I got the following error message, what can be the underlying reason?
但是，在键入 python 后，我收到以下错误消息，潜在原因是什么？
(virtualenv-test) bash-4.1$ python
python: error while loading shared libraries: libpython3.4m.so.1.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
回答by williezh
- Someone said that this way can fix the problem (I don't know whether it work, because I fix the problem another way): add py3.4's lib path to the $LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable First find out the lib path of python3.4(in the folder which it installed), like me is: /opt/python361/lib, then add it to environment variable:
- 有人说这种方式可以解决问题（不知道行不行，因为我用另一种方式解决了问题）：将py3.4的lib路径添加到$LD_LIBRARY_PATH环境变量中 首先找出python3.4的lib路径（在它安装的文件夹中），像我一样是：/opt/python361/lib，然后将其添加到环境变量中：
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/opt/python361/lib
- I met the similar problem when use virtualenv with python3.6, and I fix the follow way:
- First, edit
sudo vi /etc/ld.so.conf, add lib path of python3.x to this file(like me is: /opt/python361/lib), and save the modify of this conf file; - Then, active this file by
sudo /sbin/ldconfig -v. That's all.
- First, edit
- 我在 python3.6 中使用 virtualenv 时遇到了类似的问题，我修复了以下方法：
- 首先编辑
sudo vi /etc/ld.so.conf，将python3.x的lib路径添加到这个文件中（比如我是：/opt/python361/lib），并保存这个conf文件的修改； - 然后，通过
sudo /sbin/ldconfig -v. 就这样。
- 首先编辑
回答by Pobe
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=[your python path to libpython3.4m.so]
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=[your python path to libpython3.4m.so]
libpython3.4m.sois under your python source from which you built it.
libpython3.4m.so在您构建它的python源下。
Put it in your .bashrc to set it at login automatically.
将它放在您的 .bashrc 中以在登录时自动设置它。
I can't force virtualenv to 3.4 on my machine but you can see that under libof your virtualenv there's just a bunch of symlink to your local python installation. I guess libpython3.4m.sois fetch by one of those.
我无法在我的机器上强制 virtualenv 为 3.4，但是您可以看到在lib您的 virtualenv下，只有一堆指向本地 python 安装的符号链接。我想libpython3.4m.so是由其中之一获取的。
回答by buxizhizhoum
Another way is adding LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath /usr/local/lib"in configure, for example
另一种方法是添加LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath /usr/local/lib"配置，例如
./configure --prefix=/usr/local --enable-shared LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath /usr/local/lib"
/usr/local/libis the path where libpython3.*.sofiles are in
/usr/local/lib是libpython3.*.so文件所在的路径
回答by A. Attia
For Python 3.6, it was fixed by
对于 Python 3.6，它被修复了
sudo apt-get install libpython3.6-dev
回答by Sina
Kudos to above, For python 3.X you can fix this issue with:
感谢以上，对于python 3.X，您可以通过以下方式解决此问题：
sudo apt-get install libpython3.x-dev
No need to any changes to environment path manually.
无需手动更改环境路径。
回答by Jake
On python 3.8, I resolved this by deleting the virtualenv directory (./venvin my case) and recreating using python's built-in venvmodule installed of the pip-installed virtualenv. I'm on arch linux and also first did sudo pacman -Syu. Python was originally installed using just sudo pacman -S python.
在 python 3.8 上，我通过删除 virtualenv 目录（./venv在我的例子中）并使用venv安装了 pip-installed 的python 内置模块重新创建来解决这个问题virtualenv。我在 arch linux 上，也是第一次使用sudo pacman -Syu. Python 最初仅使用sudo pacman -S python.
$ rm -r ./venv
$ python -m venv venv
$ . ./venv/bin/activate
$ python --version
Python 3.8.1
