如何为所有提交移动 Git 存储库中的目录？
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How can I move a directory in a Git repo for all commits?
提问by mipadi
Let's say I have a repo that includes this directory structure:
假设我有一个包含此目录结构的存储库：
repo/
blog/
_posts/
some-post.html
another-file.txt
I want to move _poststo the top level of the repo, so the structure will look like this:
我想移动_posts到 repo 的顶层，所以结构看起来像这样：
repo/
_posts/
some-post.html
another-file.txt
This is simple enough with git mv, but I want to make the history look as though _postsalwaysexisted at the root of the repo, and I want to be able to get the entire history of some-post.htmlvia git log -- _posts/some-post.html. I imagine I can use some magic with git filter-branchto accomplish this, but I haven't figured out exactly how to do that. Any ideas?
这很简单git mv，但是我想让历史看起来好像_posts总是存在于 repo 的根目录，我希望能够获得some-post.htmlvia的整个历史git log -- _posts/some-post.html。我想我可以使用一些魔法git filter-branch来实现这一点，但我还没有弄清楚如何做到这一点。有任何想法吗？
回答by artagnon
You can use the subdirectory filter to achieve this
您可以使用子目录过滤器来实现此目的
$ git filter-branch --subdirectory-filter blog/ -- --all
EDIT 1:If you don't want to effectively make _poststhe root, use a tree-filter instead:
编辑 1：如果您不想有效地创建_posts根，请改用树过滤器：
$ git filter-branch --tree-filter 'mv blog/_posts .' HEAD
EDIT 2:If blog/_postsdid not exist in some of the commits, the above will fail. Use this instead:
编辑 2：如果blog/_posts某些提交中不存在，则上述操作将失败。改用这个：
$ git filter-branch --tree-filter 'test -d blog/_posts && mv blog/_posts . || echo "Nothing to do"' HEAD
回答by theduke
While Ramkumar's answer is very helpful and worthwile, it will not work in many situations. For example, when you want to move a directory with other subdirectories to a new location.
虽然 Ramkumar 的回答非常有用且值得，但它在很多情况下都行不通。例如，当您想要将包含其他子目录的目录移动到新位置时。
For this, the man page contains the perfect command:
为此，手册页包含完美的命令：
git filter-branch --index-filter \
'git ls-files -s | sed "s-\t\"*-&NEWSUBDIR/-" |
GIT_INDEX_FILE=$GIT_INDEX_FILE.new \
git update-index --index-info &&
mv "$GIT_INDEX_FILE.new" "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"' HEAD
Just replace NEWSUBDIR with your desired new directory. You can also use nested dirs like dir1/dir2/dir3/-"
只需将 NEWSUBDIR 替换为您想要的新目录。您还可以使用嵌套目录，如 dir1/dir2/dir3/-"
