Python 在 macOS Sierra 上安装 pip

Installing pip on macOS Sierra

提问by Justin

I've been trying to install pip on macOS sierra via brew, but every time it completes without installing the binaries in /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.13/bin.

我一直在尝试通过 brew 在 macOS sierra 上安装 pip，但每次它完成时都没有在/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.13/bin.

I've tried:

我试过了：

MacBook-Pro ? brew reinstall python

then:

然后：

MacBook-Pro ?  ~ which pip
pip not found

I found the path to python, which is /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.13/binbut no binary for pip there.

我找到了 python 的路径，/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.13/bin但那里没有 pip 的二进制文件。

I also tried the easy_installapproach:

我也尝试了以下easy_install方法：

MacBook-Pro ? sudo easy_install pip
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/easy_install-2.7", line 11, in <module>
    load_entry_point('setuptools==18.5', 'console_scripts', 'easy_install')()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 352, in load_entry_point
    return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 2307, in load_entry_point
    return ep.load()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 2021, in load
    entry = __import__(self.module_name, globals(),globals(), ['__name__'])
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/setuptools/__init__.py", line 12, in <module>
    from setuptools.extension import Extension
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/setuptools/extension.py", line 8, in <module>
    from .dist import _get_unpatched
  File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/setuptools/dist.py", line 21, in <module>
    packaging = pkg_resources.packaging
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'packaging'

UPDATE:

更新：

When I run brew postinstall pythonI am getting the following error:

当我运行时，brew postinstall python我收到以下错误：

MacBook-Pro ?  ~ brew postinstall python
==> Using the sandbox
==> /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.13/bin/python -s setup.py --no-user-cfg install --force --verbose --single-version-externally-managed --rec
==> /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.13/bin/python -s setup.py --no-user-cfg install --force --verbose --single-version-externally-managed --rec
Last 15 lines from /Users/justin/Library/Logs/Homebrew/python/post_install.02.python:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "setup.py", line 92, in <module>
    cmdclass={'test': PyTest},
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.13/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/core.py", line 111, in setup
    _setup_distribution = dist = klass(attrs)
  File "/Users/justin/.venvburrito/lib/python/distribute-0.6.35-py2.7.egg/setuptools/dist.py", line 225, in __init__
    _Distribution.__init__(self,attrs)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.13/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 287, in __init__
    self.finalize_options()
  File "/Users/justin/.venvburrito/lib/python/distribute-0.6.35-py2.7.egg/setuptools/dist.py", line 258, in finalize_options
    ep.load()(self, ep.name, value)
  File "/Users/justin/.venvburrito/lib/python/distribute-0.6.35-py2.7.egg/pkg_resources.py", line 2020, in load
    raise ImportError("%r has no %r attribute" % (entry,attr))
ImportError: <module 'setuptools.dist' from '/Users/justin/.venvburrito/lib/python/distribute-0.6.35-py2.7.egg/setuptools/dist.pyc'> has no 'check_specifier' attribute

回答by julien bouteloup

You just need to install pipwhich is not automatically installed in macOS Sierra.

您只需要安装pipmacOS Sierra 中未自动安装的那个。

Run sudo easy_install pip

跑 sudo easy_install pip

回答by Mohammed Safeer

For Mac OS Sierra, cannot install pip via easy_installsince there is a problem with TLS Version, Installed Open-SSL version won't support TLS 1.2

对于 Mac OS Sierra，无法安装 pip via，easy_install因为 TLS 版本有问题，安装的 Open-SSL 版本将不支持 TLS 1.2

So install pip using curl as follows,

所以使用 curl 安装 pip 如下，

curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | sudo python

回答by Shane

OK gang, lots of these answers where helpful but none of them got me to the finish line. I am running High Sierra 10.13.4. The problem as documented above is that Brew installs pip in the /usr/local/bindirectory but Python is in /usr/bin(although as Carl said, Python3 correctly goes to /usr/local/bin).

好吧，这些答案中有很多有用，但没有一个让我到达终点。我正在运行 High Sierra 10.13.4。上面记录的问题是 Brew 在/usr/local/bin目录中安装了 pip但 Python 在其中/usr/bin（尽管正如 Carl 所说，Python3 正确地转到了/usr/local/bin）。

My immediate use case is related to getting the Postgres BigSQLpackage to install.

我的直接用例与安装Postgres BigSQL包有关。

The steps I took are as follows:

我采取的步骤如下：

1. Clear out the brew cache $ rm -rf ~/Library/Caches/Homebrew
2. Clear out the site-packages $ sudo rm -rf /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
3. Reinstall Python $ brew reinstall pythonThis pulls down python-3.5.6.high_sierraand put it in /usr/local/bin/python3
4. But which pythonstill shows /usr/bin/python
5. The solutionis to run brew install python@2which pulls down [email protected]_3.high_sierra
6. Now which pythonshows the correct path /usr/local/bin/pythonwhich is also where all your pip stuff is installed, so now pip will work.
7. Of course if you have not installed the latest version of pip you should do that too with sudo pip install --upgrade pip

1. 清除 brew 缓存 $ rm -rf ~/Library/Caches/Homebrew
2. 清除站点包 $ sudo rm -rf /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
3. 重装Python$ brew reinstall python这个拉下来python-3.5.6.high_sierra放进去/usr/local/bin/python3
4. 但是which python还是显示/usr/bin/python
5. 该解决方案是运行brew install python@2其拉低[email protected]_3.high_sierra
6. 现在which python显示正确的路径/usr/local/bin/python，这也是你所有 pip 东西的安装位置，所以现在 pip 可以工作了。
7. 当然，如果你还没有安装最新版本的 pip 你也应该这样做 sudo pip install --upgrade pip

回答by OneCricketeer

Something must be wrong with your brew installation.

您的 brew 安装一定有问题。

Latest macOS version.

最新的 macOS 版本。

 ~/ brew reinstall python
==> Reinstalling python
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/python-2.7.13.sierra.bottle.tar.gz
Already downloaded: ~/Library/Caches/Homebrew/python-2.7.13.sierra.bottle.tar.gz
==> Pouring python-2.7.13.sierra.bottle.tar.gz
==> Using the sandbox
==> /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.13/bin/python -s setup.py --no-user-cfg install --force --verbose --single-version-externally-managed --record=installed.txt --install-scripts=/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7
==> /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.13/bin/python -s setup.py --no-user-cfg install --force --verbose --single-version-externally-managed --record=installed.txt --install-scripts=/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7
==> /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.13/bin/python -s setup.py --no-user-cfg install --force --verbose --single-version-externally-managed --record=installed.txt --install-scripts=/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7
==> Caveats
Pip and setuptools have been installed. To update them
  pip install --upgrade pip setuptools

You can install Python packages with
  pip install <package>

They will install into the site-package directory
  /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages

See: https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/blob/master/docs/Homebrew-and-Python.md

.app bundles were installed.
Run `brew linkapps python` to symlink these to /Applications.
==> Summary
  /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.13: 3,526 files, 48M

And it definitely exists.

而且它绝对存在。

 ~/ ls -l $(which pip)
lrwxr-xr-x  1 cricket  admin  31 Dec 19 19:43 /usr/local/bin/pip -> ../Cellar/python/2.7.13/bin/pip

回答by ajabdelaziz

I had this issue and I found this to be the solution. BTW pip isn't installed via brew. It comes with python and python virtualenvs.

我遇到了这个问题，我发现这是解决方案。顺便说一句，pip 不是通过 brew 安装的。它带有 python 和 python virtualenvs。

if you type which pythonwithout brew install pythonyou'll get the location in /usr/bin/python. That is the system python which we don't want to develop with.

如果你which python不输入，brew install python你会得到位置/usr/bin/python。那是我们不想开发的系统python。

So i took the following steps. 1) brew install python2) export PATH="/usr/local/opt/python/libexec/bin:$PATH"place that in your ~/.bash_profile3) source ~/.bash_profilein your terminal 4) type which pythonand that should have changed the location to /usr/local/opt/python/libexec/bin/python.

所以我采取了以下步骤。1) brew install python2)export PATH="/usr/local/opt/python/libexec/bin:$PATH"将其放在您的~/.bash_profile3)source ~/.bash_profile终端 4) 类型中which python，并且应该将位置更改为/usr/local/opt/python/libexec/bin/python.

This will allow you to pip install normally and use the brew version of python.

这将允许您正常 pip install 并使用 python 的 brew 版本。

Now before high sierra python used to be located in /usr/local/binbut for some reason if you place /usr/local/binin your paths it automatically points back to /usr/bin, so this is the only solution I have been able to come up with.

现在以前高山脉蟒蛇曾经位于/usr/local/bin但由于某种原因，如果您将其放置/usr/local/bin在路径中，它会自动指向回/usr/bin，所以这是我能够提出的唯一解决方案。

Python3 does not have this issue, if you brew install python3and type which python3you'll see that it's located in /usr/local/bin/python3.

Python3 没有这个问题，如果你brew install python3输入，which python3你会看到它位于/usr/local/bin/python3.

回答by 2075

For what it's worth, after upgrading to high sierra I found my machine pretty much unusable for development, even crashing plenty of times.

值得一提的是，在升级到高山脉后，我发现我的机器几乎无法用于开发，甚至多次崩溃。

Regarding python, i had a rights issue inside the site-packages folder, therefore the reinstall did not work out:

关于 python，我在 site-packages 文件夹中有一个权限问题，因此重新安装没有成功：

$ brew reinstall python

==> Reinstalling python
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/python-2.7.14.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
Already downloaded: /Users/m/Library/Caches/Homebrew/python-2.7.14.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
==> Pouring python-2.7.14.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
==> /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.14/bin/python2 -s setup.py --no-user-cfg install --force --verbose --single-version-externally-managed --record=installed.txt --install-scripts=/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.14/bin --install-
Last 15 lines from /Users/m/Library/Logs/Homebrew/python/post_install.01.python2:
.
.
.
copying build/lib/setuptools/script (dev).tmpl -> /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools
copying build/lib/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/version.py -> /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging
error: could not delete '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/version.py': Permission denied
Warning: The post-install step did not complete successfully
...

So to fix it, I completely removed the site-packages:

所以为了修复它，我完全删除了站点包：

$ sudo rm -rf /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages

With this, reinstalling python2, and having a working pip2 again, worked like a charm:

有了这个，重新安装 python2，并再次使用 pip2，就像一个魅力：

$ brew reinstall python

$ which pip2
/usr/local/bin/pip2
$ which python2
/usr/local/bin/python2

$ which pip
pip not found
$ which python
/usr/bin/python

Hope that helps.

希望有帮助。

回答by Carl Russmann

The error message has the answer for you...

错误消息为您提供了答案...

Remove /Users/justin/.venvburrito/lib/python/distribute-0.6.35-py2.7.egg/and run brew reinstall python. setuptoolsis the wrong version.

删除/Users/justin/.venvburrito/lib/python/distribute-0.6.35-py2.7.egg/并运行brew reinstall python。setuptools是错误的版本。