Python 请求模块发送 JSON 字符串而不是 x-www-form-urlencoded 参数字符串
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Python requests module sends JSON string instead of x-www-form-urlencoded param string
提问by asolberg
I was under the impression that POSTSs using x-www-form-urlencoded specifications should send a URL encoded param string in the body of the post. However, when I do this
我的印象是使用 x-www-form-urlencoded 规范的 POSTS 应该在帖子正文中发送一个 URL 编码的参数字符串。但是，当我这样做时
data = json.dumps({'param1': 'value1', 'param2': 'value2'})
Requests.post(url, data=data)
The body of the request on the receiving end looks like this:
接收端的请求正文如下所示：
{"param1": "value1", "param2": "value2"}
But I was expecting to get this
但我期待得到这个
param1=value1¶m2=value2
How I can get Requests to send the data in the second form?
如何获得以第二种形式发送数据的请求？
采纳答案by abarnert
The reason you're getting JSON is because you're explicitly calling json.dumpsto generate a JSON string. Just don't do that, and you won't get a JSON string. In other words, change your first line to this:
您获得 JSON 的原因是因为您显式调用json.dumps以生成 JSON 字符串。只是不要这样做，您将不会得到 JSON 字符串。换句话说，将您的第一行更改为：
data = {'param1': 'value1', 'param2': 'value2'}
As the docsexplain, if you pass a dict as the datavalue, it will be form-encoded, while if you pass a string, it will be sent as-is.
正如文档所解释的，如果您传递一个 dict 作为data值，它将被表单编码，而如果您传递一个字符串，它将按原样发送。
For example, in one terminal window:
例如，在一个终端窗口中：
$ nc -kl 8765
In another:
在另一个：
$ python3
>>> import requests
>>> d = {'spam': 20, 'eggs': 3}
>>> requests.post("http://localhost:8765", data=d)
^C
>>> import json
>>> j = json.dumps(d)
>>> requests.post("http://localhost:8765", data=j)
^C
In the first terminal, you'll see that the first request body is this (and Content-Type application/x-www-form-urlencoded):
在第一个终端中，您将看到第一个请求正文是这个（和 Content-Type application/x-www-form-urlencoded）：
spam=20&eggs=3
… while the second is this (and has no Content-Type):
...而第二个是这个（并且没有内容类型）：
{"spam": 20, "eggs": 3}
回答by NotTooTechy
Important to add it does not work for nested json So, if you have
重要的是添加它不适用于嵌套的 json 所以，如果你有
# Wrong
data = {'param1': {'a':[100, 200]},
'param2': 'value2',
'param3': False}
# You have to convert values into string:
data = {'param1': json.dumps({'a':[100, 200]}),
'param2': 'value2',
'param3': json.dumps(False)}
