Python 中的 HTTP 身份验证
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HTTP Authentication in Python
提问by Lakshman Prasad
Whats is the python urllib equivallent of
什么是 python urllib 等价物
curl -u username:password status="abcd" http://example.com/update.json
I did this:
我这样做了：
handle = urllib2.Request(url)
authheader = "Basic %s" % base64.encodestring('%s:%s' % (username, password))
handle.add_header("Authorization", authheader)
Is there a better / simpler way?
有没有更好/更简单的方法？
回答by Ivo
The trick is to create a password manager, and then tell urllib about it. Usually, you won't care about the realm of the authentication, just the host/url part. For example, the following:
诀窍是创建一个密码管理器，然后告诉 urllib。通常，您不会关心身份验证的领域，只关心主机/url 部分。例如，以下内容：
password_mgr = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm()
top_level_url = "http://example.com/"
password_mgr.add_password(None, top_level_url, 'user', 'password')
handler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(password_mgr)
opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPHandler, handler)
request = urllib2.Request(url)
Will set the user name and password to every URL starting with top_level_url. Other options are to specify a host name or more complete URL here.
将用户名和密码设置为每个以top_level_url. 其他选项是在此处指定主机名或更完整的 URL。
A good document describing this and more is at http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles/urllib2.shtml#id6.
http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/articles/urllib2.shtml#id6 上有一个很好的文档来描述这一点以及更多内容。
回答by Lakshman Prasad
Yes, have a look at the urllib2.HTTP*AuthHandlers.
是的，看看urllib2.HTTP*AuthHandlers。
Example from the documentation:
文档中的示例：
import urllib2
# Create an OpenerDirector with support for Basic HTTP Authentication...
auth_handler = urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler()
auth_handler.add_password(realm='PDQ Application',
uri='https://mahler:8092/site-updates.py',
user='klem',
passwd='kadidd!ehopper')
opener = urllib2.build_opener(auth_handler)
# ...and install it globally so it can be used with urlopen.
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
urllib2.urlopen('http://www.example.com/login.html')
