如何在 Macos for bash 中为 gcc 添加默认包含和库路径？
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How to add default Include and Library path for gcc in Macos for bash?
提问by Poudel
This should not be a difficult task, however, I could not solve the issue for hours, so I posted the question here.
这应该不是一项艰巨的任务，但是，我几个小时都无法解决问题，所以我在这里发布了问题。
The tried links are following:
How to include needed C library using gcc?
How to add a default include path for gcc in linux?
http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.8.1/gcc/Environment-Variables.html#Environment-Variables
how gcc automatically know to include glib library
How to compile gcc with shared library?
http://www.cprogramming.com/tutorial/shared-libraries-linux-gcc.html
尝试过的链接如下：
How to include required C library using gcc?
如何在linux中为gcc添加默认包含路径？
http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.8.1/gcc/Environment-Variables.html#Environment-Variables
gcc 如何自动知道包含 glib 库
如何使用共享库编译 gcc？
http://www.cprogramming.com/tutorial/shared-libraries-linux-gcc.html
How can I add the include and lib path for cfitsio library for gcc compiler?
如何为 gcc 编译器添加 cfitsio 库的 include 和 lib 路径？
Attempt:
试图：
I downloaded and installed cfitsio in the path ~/Applications. (NOT /Applications btw).
Then installation commands are:
我在 ~/Applications 路径中下载并安装了 cfitsio。（不是/应用程序顺便说一句）。
然后安装命令是：
sudo ./configure
sudo make
sudo make install
Now, let's say I have a program example.c.
Compile: gcc -Wall -O3 example.c -lm -lcfitsio
Does not work.
现在，假设我有一个程序 example.c。
编译： gcc -Wall -O3 example.c -lm -lcfitsio
不起作用。
However,
然而，
gcc -Wall -O3 -o example example.c -I /Users/poudel/Applications/cfitsio/include -L /Users/poudel/Applications/cfitsio/lib -lm -lcfitsio
Works
作品
Now I don't want to use flags -I and -L all the times. How can I do so?
现在我不想一直使用标志 -I 和 -L。我该怎么做？
I updated my ~/.bash_profile with following lines:
我用以下几行更新了我的 ~/.bash_profile：
export PATH=$PATH:~/Applications/cfitsio/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="~/Applications/cfitsio:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="~/Applications/cfitsio/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="~/Applications/cfitsio/lib/pkgconfig:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="~/Applications/cfitsio/zlib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
To check the paths included after running source ~/.bash_profileI used:
要检查运行后包含的路径，source ~/.bash_profile我使用了：
echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH
This shows the added paths correctly.
这正确显示了添加的路径。
I have added the paths but this DOES NOT WORK:
我已经添加了路径，但这不起作用：
gcc -Wall -O3 -o example example.c -lm -lcfitsio
gcc -Wall -O3 -o example example.c -lm -lcfitsio
and If i give -I and -L flags with their paths it works.
如果我给 -I 和 -L 标志加上它们的路径，它就可以工作。
Can we do something that the above command work without using -I and -L commands all the times?
我们可以在不使用 -I 和 -L 命令的情况下执行上述命令吗？
Note:
I even tried installing the cfitsio from /usr/local directory.
I installed from /usr/local/cfitsio but again I had to use -I and -L command with these new locations.
I am really frustated by this.
注意：
我什至尝试从 /usr/local 目录安装 cfitsio。
我是从 /usr/local/cfitsio 安装的，但我又不得不在这些新位置使用 -I 和 -L 命令。
我真的很沮丧。
The help and suggestion will be greatly appreciated! Thanks.
帮助和建议将不胜感激！谢谢。
Update:
更新：
I tried to use DYLD instead and added these lines in bash_profile:
我尝试改用 DYLD 并在 bash_profile 中添加了这些行：
export PATH="$(pwd):~/Applications/cfitsio/bin:$PATH"
export PATH="$(pwd):~/Applications/cfitsio/include:$PATH" # fitsio.h is here
export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH="~/Applications/cfitsio/lib:$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH"
export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH="~/Applications/cfitsio/zlib:$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH"
However, if I run these commands they return empty outputs, I could not set dyld library path to these paths.
但是，如果我运行这些命令，它们会返回空输出，我无法将 dyld 库路径设置为这些路径。
echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH
echo $DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH
采纳答案by Poudel
Following the suggestions of Jonathan Leffler, I got a way around.
I created soft links and it worked.
按照 Jonathan Leffler 的建议，我找到了解决办法。
我创建了软链接并且它起作用了。
sudo ln -s ~/Applications/cfitsio/lib/libcfitsio.a /usr/local/lib/libcfitsio.a
sudo ln -s ~/Applications/cfitsio/include/*.h /usr/local/include/
In fact, I copies all the header files from
事实上，我复制了所有的头文件
~/Applications/cfitsio/include
to
到
/usr/local/include/
and it worked.
它奏效了。
I assume soft links also should work.
This might look a very simple solution, but it took hours me to figure out.
我认为软链接也应该有效。
这可能看起来是一个非常简单的解决方案，但我花了好几个小时才弄明白。
