Python Django 模型多项选择
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Django Model MultipleChoice
提问by AlvaroAV
I know there isn't MultipleChoiceFieldfor a Model, you can only use it on Forms.
我知道没有MultipleChoiceField一个模式，你只能用它的形式。
Today I face an issue when analyzing a new project related with Multiple Choices.
今天，我在分析与多项选择相关的新项目时遇到了一个问题。
I would like to have a field like a CharFieldwith choiceswith the option of multiple choice.
我想要一个CharField带有choices多项选择选项的字段。
I solved this issue other times by creating a CharFieldand managed the multiple choices in the form with a forms.MultipleChoiceFieldand store the choices separated by commas.
我在其他时候通过创建 a 解决了这个问题，CharField并用 a管理表单中的多个选项，forms.MultipleChoiceField并存储用逗号分隔的选项。
In this project, due to configuration, I cannot do it as I mention above, I need to do it in the Models, and I prefer NOTto edit the Django admin formneitheruse forms. I need a Model Field with multiple choices option
在这个项目中，由于配置，我不能这样做，因为我上面提到的，我需要做的是在型号，我宁愿不来编辑Django管理形式既不使用形式。我需要一个带有多项选择选项的模型字段
- Have someone solved anything like this via Models ?
- 有人通过 Models 解决了这样的问题吗？
Maybe overriding some of the models function or using a custom widget... I don't know, I'm kinda lost here.
也许覆盖某些模型功能或使用自定义小部件......我不知道，我有点迷失在这里。
Edit
编辑
I'm aware off simplechoices, I would like to have something like:
我知道简单的选择，我想有类似的东西：
class MODEL(models.Model):
MY_CHOICES = (
('a', 'Hola'),
('b', 'Hello'),
('c', 'Bonjour'),
('d', 'Boas'),
)
...
...
my_field = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=MY_CHOICES)
...
but with the capability of saving multiple choicesnot only 1 choice.
但具有保存多项选择的能力，而不仅仅是一项选择。
采纳答案by spookylukey
You need to think about how you are going to store the data at a database level. This will dictate your solution.
您需要考虑如何在数据库级别存储数据。这将决定您的解决方案。
Presumably, you want a single column in a table that is storing multiple values. This will also force you to think about how you will serialize - for example, you can't simply do comma separated if you need to store strings that might contain commas.
据推测，您希望表中的单个列存储多个值。这也将迫使您考虑如何序列化 - 例如，如果您需要存储可能包含逗号的字符串，则不能简单地使用逗号分隔。
However, you are probably best off using a solution like django-multiselectfield
但是，您可能最好使用像django-multiselectfield这样的解决方案
回答by Matias Herranz
From the two, https://pypi.python.org/pypi/django-select-multiple-field/looks more well rounded and complete. It even has a nice set of unittests.
从两者来看，https://pypi.python.org/pypi/django-select-multiple-field/看起来更加全面和完整。它甚至有一套很好的单元测试。
The problem I found is that it throws a Django 1.10 deprecation warning in the class that implements the model field.
我发现的问题是它在实现模型字段的类中引发了 Django 1.10 弃用警告。
I fixed this and sent a PR. The latest code, until they merge my PR (if they ever decide to hehe) is in my fork of the repo, here: https://github.com/matiasherranz/django-select-multiple-field
我解决了这个问题并发送了 PR。最新的代码，直到他们合并我的 PR（如果他们决定嘿嘿）在我的 repo 分支中，在这里：https: //github.com/matiasherranz/django-select-multiple-field
Cheers!
干杯!
M.-
M.-
回答by lechup
In case You are using Postgres consider using ArrayField.
如果您使用 Postgres，请考虑使用ArrayField。
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.postgres.fields import ArrayField
class WhateverModel(models.Model):
WHATEVER_CHOICE = u'1'
SAMPLE_CHOICES = (
(WHATEVER_CHOICE, u'one'),
)
choices = ArrayField(
models.CharField(choices=SAMPLE_CHOICES, max_length=2, blank=True, default=WHATEVER_CHOICE),
)
回答by Risadinha
If you want the widget to look like a text input and still be able to allow selecting several options from suggestions, you might be looking for Select2. There is also django-select2that integrates it with Django Forms and Admin.
如果您希望小部件看起来像文本输入，并且仍然能够允许从建议中选择多个选项，您可能正在寻找Select2。还有django-select2将它与 Django Forms 和 Admin 集成。
回答by younesfmgtc
The easiest way I found (just I use eval() to convert string gotten from input to tuple to read again for form instance or other place)
我找到的最简单的方法（只是我使用 eval() 将从输入获得的字符串转换为元组以再次读取表单实例或其他地方）
This trick works very well
这个技巧效果很好
#model.py
class ClassName(models.Model):
field_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
if self.field_name:
self.field_name= eval(self.field_name)
#form.py
CHOICES = [('pi', 'PI'), ('ci', 'CI')]
class ClassNameForm(forms.ModelForm):
field_name = forms.MultipleChoiceField(choices=CHOICES)
class Meta:
model = ClassName
fields = ['field_name',]
#view.py
def viewfunction(request, pk):
ins = ClassName.objects.get(pk=pk)
form = ClassNameForm(instance=ins)
if request.method == 'POST':
form = form (request.POST, instance=ins)
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
...
