在 linux ubuntu 中使用 CPAN 时，我应该使用 sudo / 作为 root 还是作为我的默认用户运行它

when using CPAN in linux ubuntu should I run it using sudo / as root or as my default user

提问by nelaaro

I get errors like this

我收到这样的错误

Running make install
Prepending blib/arch and blib/lib of 17 build dirs to PERL5LIB; for 'install'
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
ERROR: Can't create '/usr/local/man/man3'
Do not have write permissions on '/usr/local/man/man3'

  You may have to su to root to install the package
  (Or you may want to run something like
    o conf make_install_make_command 'sudo make'

Will I still be able to run the software / library's that perl / CPAN installs as a my default user.

我是否仍然能够以我的默认用户身份运行 perl/CPAN 安装的软件/库。

What is the best practice when working with CPAN / Perl on Debian like systems.

在类似 Debian 的系统上使用 CPAN/Perl 时的最佳实践是什么。

采纳答案by cjm

You should run the cpancommand as your normal user. You have two choices:

您应该cpan以普通用户身份运行该命令。你有两个选择：

1. Install modules into a directory under your home dir. local::libwill help you set that up.

2. Configure cpanto use sudoduring the install phase. You do that by starting the cpanshell and typing:

   o conf make_install_make_command 'sudo make'
   o conf mbuild_install_build_command 'sudo ./Build'
   o conf commit
   

   The first line configures MakeMakerto use sudo. The second line does the same for Module::Build. The third line saves the changes.

1. 将模块安装到您的主目录下的目录中。 local::lib将帮助您进行设置。

2. 配置cpan为sudo在安装阶段使用。您可以通过启动cpanshell 并键入：

   o conf make_install_make_command 'sudo make'
   o conf mbuild_install_build_command 'sudo ./Build'
   o conf commit
   

   第一行将MakeMaker配置为使用sudo. 第二行对Module::Build执行相同的操作。第三行保存更改。

回答by choroba

If you want to install modules as a non-root user, you can configure your cpan to use an install base:

如果您想以非 root 用户身份安装模块，您可以将 cpan 配置为使用安装库：

makepl_arg         [INSTALL_BASE=/home/nelaar/perl]
mbuildpl_arg       [--install_base=/home/nelaar/perl]

And set PERL5LIB accordingly to /home/nelaar/perl/lib/perl5.

并将 PERL5LIB 相应地设置为/home/nelaar/perl/lib/perl5.

回答by Quentin

If you want to install your modules for your own use, then you should be running it as yourself. Use local::libto set up your environment variables so that this works nicely. You may wish to look at cpan minusas an alternative to the the default cpan installer.

如果您想安装自己的模块供您自己使用，那么您应该自己运行它。使用local::lib来设置您的环境变量，以便它很好地工作。您可能希望查看cpan minus作为默认 cpan 安装程序的替代方案。

You may also wish to consider using perlbrewto install a newer version of perl that is completely independent from the system perl.

您可能还希望考虑使用perlbrew安装完全独立于系统 perl 的较新版本的 perl。

If you want to install them system wide, then I recommend (since you have tagged this ubuntu) looking at dh-make-perlto produce .deb files that you can install and uninstall with dpkg.

如果你想在系统范围内安装它们，那么我建议（因为你已经标记了这个ubuntu）查看dh-make-perl来生成 .deb 文件，你可以使用 dpkg 安装和卸载这些文件。