bash 如何使用 sed 或 awk 添加到包含模式的行的末尾？
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How to add to the end of lines containing a pattern with sed or awk?
提问by yasar
Here is example file:
这是示例文件：
somestuff...
all: thing otherthing
some other stuff
What I want to do is to add to the line that starts with all:like this:
我想要做的是添加到以这样开头的行中all:：
somestuff...
all: thing otherthing anotherthing
some other stuff
回答by user219882
This works for me
这对我有用
sed '/^all:/ s/$/ anotherthing/' file
The first part is a pattern to find and the second part is an ordinary sed's substitution using $for the end of a line.
第一部分是要查找的模式，第二部分是$用于行尾的普通 sed 替换。
If you want to change the file during the process, use -ioption
如果要在此过程中更改文件，请使用-i选项
sed -i '/^all:/ s/$/ anotherthing/' file
Or you can redirect it to another file
或者您可以将其重定向到另一个文件
sed '/^all:/ s/$/ anotherthing/' file > output
回答by izidor
This should work for you
这应该适合你
sed -e 's_^all: .*_& anotherthing_'
Using s command (substitute) you can search for a line which satisfies a regular expression. In the command above, &stands for the matched string.
使用 s 命令（替换），您可以搜索满足正则表达式的行。在上面的命令中，&代表匹配的字符串。
回答by fedorqui 'SO stop harming'
You can append the text to $0in awk if it matches the condition:
$0如果匹配条件，您可以将文本附加到awk 中：
awk '/^all:/ {somestuff...
all: thing otherthing anotherthing
some other stuff
=$ awk -v mytext=" EXTRA TEXT" '/^all:/ {while read -r line ; do
[[ $line == all:* ]] && line+=" anotherthing"
echo "$line"
done < filename
=$ sed -i 's/all.*/& anotherthing/g' filename.txt
mytext} 1' file
somestuff...
all: thing otherthing EXTRA TEXT
some other stuff
" anotherthing"} 1' file
Explanation
解释
/patt/ {...}if the line matches the pattern given bypatt, then perform the actions described within{}.- In this case:
/^all:/ {$0=$0" anotherthing"}if the line starts (represented by^) withall:, then appendanotherthingto the line. 1as a true condition, triggers the default action ofawk: print the current line (print $0). This will happen always, so it will either print the original line or the modified one.
/patt/ {...}如果该行与 给出的模式匹配patt，则执行 中描述的操作{}。- 在这种情况下：
/^all:/ {$0=$0" anotherthing"}如果该行以 开头（由 表示^）all:，则附加anotherthing到该行。 1作为真条件，触发默认操作awk：打印当前行 (print $0)。这将始终发生，因此它将打印原始行或修改后的行。
Test
测试
For your given input it returns:
对于您给定的输入，它返回：
awk '{if ( ~ /^all/) print ##代码##, "anotherthing"; else print ##代码##}' file
Note you could also provide the text to append in a variable:
请注意，您还可以提供要附加到变量中的文本：
##代码##回答by glenn Hymanman
In bash:
在 bash 中：
##代码##回答by chenchuk
Here is another simple solution using sed.
这是使用 sed 的另一个简单解决方案。
##代码##Explanation:
解释：
all.* means all lines started with 'all'.
all.* 表示所有以“all”开头的行。
& represent the match (ie the complete line that starts with 'all')
& 代表匹配（即以'all'开头的完整行）
then sed replace the former with the later and appends the ' anotherthing' word
然后 sed 用后者替换前者并附加“另一个”词
回答by Manlio
Solution with awk:
awk 解决方法：
##代码##Simply: if the row starts with allprint the row plus "anotherthing", else print just the row.
简单地说：如果该行以all打印该行加上“其他内容”开头，则仅打印该行。
