git 如何在git中获取master负责人的提交ID？
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How do I get the commit id of the head of master in git?
提问by Blankman
I want to display the git commit id (i.e. SHA) of the head of master on my website as an identifier.
我想在我的网站上显示 master 负责人的 git commit id（即 SHA）作为标识符。
How can I pull this information from git?
如何从 git 中提取这些信息？
回答by Alan Haggai Alavi
This command will get you the latest commit's SHA-1
此命令将为您提供最新提交的 SHA-1
git rev-parse HEAD
回答by VonC
Instead of the HEAD SHA1, I would rather go with git describe, as a more readable way to get a "build id". For instance:
而不是 HEAD SHA1，我宁愿使用git describe，作为获得“构建ID”的更易读的方式。例如：
git describe --abbrev=4 HEAD
If you don't care about tags, and considering that git describeis a porcelain command, which shouldn't be used in a script, then, yes, git rev-parse(a plumbing command) is more appropriate.
如果您不关心标签，并且考虑到它git describe是不应该在脚本中使用的瓷器命令，那么，是的，git rev-parse（管道命令）更合适。
But again, if you are to display a SHA1 on your website as an id, I would go with:
但同样，如果您要在您的网站上显示 SHA1 作为 ID，我会选择：
git rev-parse --short HEAD
(In order to display only the first 7 digits of the SHA1)
（为了只显示 SHA1 的前 7 位数字）
git rev-parse HEAD(meaning the all 40 digits) is still useful, when you want to check if what you just deployed is indeed what HEADrefers to.
See for instance this deployment script:
git rev-parse HEAD（意味着所有 40 位数字）仍然很有用，当您想检查您刚刚部署的内容是否确实是HEAD所指的内容时。
例如，请参阅此部署脚本：
It first triggers an update:
它首先触发更新：
#If requested, perform update before gathering information from repos.
if $update; then
echo "Updating fred-official."
cd "$fredDir"
git_update
if ! [[ "$forceFredID" = "" ]]
then
checkGitID "$forceFredID"
fi
echo "Updating website repo."
cd "$websiteDir"
git_update
if ! [[ "$forceWebsiteID" = "" ]]
then
checkGitID "$forceWebsiteID"
fi
cd "$startingDir"
fi
The update itself refreshes the website content:
更新本身会刷新网站内容：
# Discard any local changes, update remote branches and tags, and
# check out to the latest master branch.
git_update() {
#To update tags and branches.
git remote update
git clean -dfx
git reset --hard origin/master
}
And then it uses git rev-parse HEADto check what just has been checked out:
然后它用于git rev-parse HEAD检查刚刚签出的内容：
function checkGitID {
checkID=
echo Checking git ID is "$checkID"
if ! git checkout "$checkID"
then
echo Failed to checkout "$checkID"
exit 4
fi
if ! actualID=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
then
echo Failed to verify "$checkID"
git checkout master
exit 5
fi
if ! [[ "$actualID" = "$checkID" ]]
then
echo Git verification failed, something very bad is happening
exit 6
fi
echo Git ID verified: "$checkID"
}
回答by Jeet
The following command will return the SHA-1 of HEAD:
以下命令将返回 HEAD 的 SHA-1：
git log -1 --pretty="%H"
回答by Lars
Just slightlyless elegant:
只是稍微不那么优雅：
git log | head -1 | sed s/'commit '//
git log | head -1 | sed s/'commit '//
回答by Jintao Zhang
You can use:
您可以使用：
git describe --always --dirty
--dirty[=<mark>], --broken[=<mark>]
Describe the state of the working tree. When the working tree matches HEAD, the output is the same
as "git describe HEAD". If the working tree has local modification "-dirty" is appended to it. If a
repository is corrupt and Git cannot determine if there is local modification, Git will error out,
unless ‘--broken' is given, which appends the suffix "-broken" instead.
--all
Instead of using only the annotated tags, use any ref found in refs/ namespace. This option enables
matching any known branch, remote-tracking branch, or lightweight tag.
