如何在 Oracle 12c 中恢复转储文件

How to restore dump file in Oracle 12c

提问by

I want to restore a database in oracle 12c. I have done something for it but while importing data I got some errors about non-existing users in db.Because the database needs some users which must defined in oracle 12c. I created users for db which db needs but in oracle 12 creating user system was changed about session issues. I had to put c## expression in front username and problem still persists. I tried different methods to restore but it wasn't imported all tables and data. I think it's about the user problem.My question how can i create a user same as with the backup db user and restore database.

我想在oracle 12c 中恢复一个数据库。我为此做了一些事情，但是在导入数据时，我遇到了一些关于 db 中不存在用户的错误。因为数据库需要一些必须在 oracle 12c 中定义的用户。我为db创建了db需要的用户，但在oracle 12中创建用户系统因会话问题而改变。我不得不将 c## 表达式放在前面的用户名中，但问题仍然存在。我尝试了不同的方法来恢复，但它没有导入所有表和数据。我认为这是关于用户问题。我的问题是如何创建与备份数据库用户相同的用户并恢复数据库。

采纳答案by Lalit Kumar B

Based on OP's input via answer to my comments :

根据 OP 通过回答我的评论提供的输入：

/ AS SYSDBAwill by default connect to CDBand not your local PDB. There are many ways, however, as of now, you need to first connect to your local PDBas:

/ AS SYSDBA默认情况下将连接到CDB而不是您的本地PDB. 有很多方法，但是，到目前为止，您需要首先连接到本地PDB：

SYS@<pdb service_name> AS SYSDBA

Then execute your CREATE USERand other commands :

然后执行您的CREATE USER和其他命令：

CREATE USER HASTANE IDENTIFIED BY HASTANE DEFAULT TABLESPACE USERS TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP; 
GRANT DBA TO HASTANE; 
IMP HASTANE/HASTANE FILE=c:\VERI.DMP FULL=Y

回答by Umesh Acharya

Step One: create pdbuser

第一步：创建pdbuser

1. Run Sqlplus sys/ as sysdba , (if has password you should type it next)

2. run alter session set container=pdbDBName---;(eg:pdborcl)

3. run create user test identified by password default tablespace users temporary tablespace temp;

4. run grant pdb_dba to test;

5. run grant dba to test;

1. 运行 Sqlplus sys/ 作为 sysdba ，（如果有密码，你应该输入它下一步）

2. 运行alter session set container=pdbDBName---;（例如：pdborcl）

3. 跑 create user test identified by password default tablespace users temporary tablespace temp;

4. 跑 grant pdb_dba to test;

5. 跑 grant dba to test;

Step two: Add pdbname in the tns file

第二步：在tns文件中添加pdbname

1. run CMD

2. run tnsping cdbDB(eg: tnsping orcl)

3. find tns path and open tnsnames.ora file( if not exist make it in same directory of current file)

4. add pdbDBName like cdbDBName(eg:orcl) see below example

1. 跑 CMD

2. 运行tnsping cdbDB（例如：tnsping orcl）

3. 找到 tns 路径并打开 tnsnames.ora 文件（如果不存在则将其放在当前文件的同一目录中）

4. 添加 pdbDBName 像 cdbDBName(eg:orcl) 见下面的例子

example:

例子：

ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521)) 
    (CONNECT_DATA = 
      (SERVER = DEDICATED) 
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) 
    ) 
  ) 

pdbORCL =  
  (DESCRIPTION =  
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))  
    (CONNECT_DATA =  
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)  
      (SERVICE_NAME = pdborcl)
    )
  )

Step three: Check tnsping from command prompt

第三步：从命令提示符检查 tnsping

1. Run CMD

2. tnsping pdbDB(eg: tnsping pdborcl)

3. see tns status. it should be ok with path details.

1. 跑 CMD

2. tnsping pdbDB（例如：tnsping pdborcl）

3. 查看 tns 状态。路径详细信息应该没问题。

Step Four connect to pdbDB

第四步连接pdbDB

1. Run Sqlplus

2. test/password@pdborcl-- do not use semicolon. now you are connected to pdb database

1. 运行 Sqlplus

2. test/password@pdborcl--不要使用分号。现在您已连接到 pdb 数据库

Step Five: Import Dump file

第五步：导入转储文件

1. Run CMD

2. Type imp test/password@pdborcl file=myfile.dumpnow it should start importing process

1. 跑 CMD

2. 键入imp test/password@pdborcl file=myfile.dump现在就应该开始导入过程

Note : if pluggable database is on shutdown mode. mount it to open mode before starting import process

注意：如果可插拔数据库处于关闭模式。在开始导入过程之前将其安装到打开模式

1. Run Sqlplus

2. connect with sys/ as sysdba (it will connect to cdbdatabase)

3. alter pluggable database all open

3. 运行 Sqlplus

4. 与 sys/ 作为 sysdba 连接（它将连接到 cdbdatabase）

5. 更改可插拔数据库全部打开

回答by Harvey

IMPORT PROCEDUREFor importing full DB dump into 12c database. Assuming that during DB installation you have created container and one pluggable DB (pd1).

导入程序用于将完整的 DB 转储导入 12c 数据库。假设在 DB 安装期间您已经创建了容器和一个可插拔 DB (pd1)。

GO to SQL PLUS

转到 SQL PLUS

CONN / AS SYSDBA
CONN system/syspassword@//localhost:1521/pd1 # connected to pluggable DB 
CREATE USER pdusr IDENTIFIED BY pdpass3344;
CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY impdir AS 'C:\app\oracle\oradata\impdir';
GRANT READ, WRITE ON DIRECTORY impdir TO pdusr;
GRANT DBA,CONNECT TO pdusr; # granted permissions to pd1 DB because we are connected to mrmspd

Exit sql plus, open CMD

退出sql plus，打开CMD

impdp system/syspassword@//localhost:1521/pd1 full=Y directory=impdir dumpfile=expdat.dmp logfile=impdp_mrms.log

And make sure you put expdat.dmp in C:\app\oracle\oradata\impdir

并确保将 expdat.dmp 放在 C:\app\oracle\oradata\impdir

回答by ik_zelf

First learn something about that database. Here is a document about usermanagement in 12c Administering User Accounts and SecurityThe DBA essentialsin general is a very good starting point

首先了解有关该数据库的一些信息。这是 12c管理用户帐户和安全性中有关用户管理的文档The DBAEssentials 一般是一个非常好的起点

You are looking in the root of a container database and you need to create your users in a local PDB and import your data in there. Easiest is to create a tnsalias for that pdb that points to the specific PDB service_name for the import.

您正在查看容器数据库的根目录，并且需要在本地 PDB 中创建用户并在其中导入数据。最简单的方法是为该 pdb 创建一个 tnsalias，指向导入的特定 PDB service_name。