python Django 报告选项

Question

提问by yuben

I want to create a new "Business" application using the Django framework. Any suggestions as to what I can use as a reporting framework? The application will need to generate reports on various business entities including summaries, totals, grouping, etc. Basically, is there a Crystal reports-like equivalent for Django/Python?

我想使用 Django 框架创建一个新的“业务”应用程序。关于我可以用作报告框架的任何建议？该应用程序需要生成关于各种业务实体的报告，包括汇总、总计、分组等。基本上，是否有类似 Crystal 报告的 Django/Python 等价物？

Answer 1

采纳答案by Daniel Naab

There is a grid on djangopackages.com which may be of use evaluating options:

djangopackages.com 上有一个网格，可以用来评估选项：

https://www.djangopackages.com/grids/g/reporting/

Answer 2

回答by Bufke

I made django-report-builder. It lets you build ORM queries with a gui and generate spreadsheet reports. It can't do templates, that would be a great feature to add though.

我做了django-report-builder。它允许您使用 gui 构建 ORM 查询并生成电子表格报告。它不能做模板，不过这将是一个很好的添加功能。

Answer 3

回答by S.Lott

These are just HTML templates with ordinary view functions.

这些只是带有普通视图函数的 HTML 模板。

This doesn't require much: Parameters come in from a form; write the query in the view function, passing the queryset to the template. The template presents the report.

这不需要太多：参数来自表单；在视图函数中编写查询，将查询集传递给模板。模板显示报告。

Why would you need something more than this?

为什么你需要比这更多的东西？

You can use generic list/detail viewsto save yourself from having to write as much code. If you go this route, you provide the query set and the template to a generic view that handles some of the processing for you.

您可以使用通用列表/详细信息视图来避免编写尽可能多的代码。如果你走这条路，你将查询集和模板提供给一个为你处理一些处理的通用视图。

Since you must write the query in Crystal reports or Django, you're not really getting much leverage from a "reporting" tool.

由于您必须在 Crystal 报告或 Django 中编写查询，因此您并没有真正从“报告”工具中获得多少优势。

Answer 4

回答by mrts

Building upon @s-lott's suggestion, you can add reports to the admin site using a proxy model, a model admin class with custom changelist_view()and a custom template that derives from admin/base_site.html.

根据@s-lott 的建议，您可以使用代理模型、具有自定义的模型管理类changelist_view()和派生自admin/base_site.html.

Assuming Django v2.1 (for model view permissions) and a classic customers, products and sales domain, here's a full example:

假设 Django v2.1（用于模型视图权限）和一个经典的客户、产品和销售域，这里有一个完整的例子：

Create a proxy model to show the report in admin index page:

class SalesReport(SalesOrder):
    class Meta:
        proxy = True

Create a model admin class for the model:

@admin.register(SalesReport)
class SalesReportAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    ...

Implement the report view:

def sales_report(self, request):
    monthly_products_by_customer_sql = '''
    SELECT c.name AS customer,
           p.name AS product,
           COUNT(DISTINCT o.id) AS total_orders,
           SUM(oi.quantity) AS total_products,
           SUM(oi.quantity * oi.price) AS total_amount
    FROM sales_salesorder o
    INNER JOIN customers_customer c ON o.customer_id = c.id
    INNER JOIN sales_salesorderitem oi ON o.id = oi.sales_order_id
    INNER JOIN products_product p ON oi.product_id = p.id
    WHERE o.departure_date >= %s AND o.departure_date <= %s
    GROUP BY c.id, p.id
    ORDER BY total_amount DESC;
    '''
    start, end = get_previous_month_start_end_date()
    with connection.cursor() as cursor:
        cursor.execute(monthly_products_by_customer_sql, (start, end))
        results = namedtuplefetchall(cursor)
        totals = Totals(
            total_orders=sum(r.total_orders for r in results),
            total_products=sum(r.total_products for r in results),
            total_amount=sum(r.total_amount for r in results),
        )
        context = dict(
            self.admin_site.each_context(request),
            title=f'Sales report for {start} - {end}',
            period_start=start,
            period_end=end,
            results=results,
            totals=totals,
        )
        return TemplateResponse(request, 'sales/report.html', context)

Return the report view from changelist_view(), wrapping it into admin_site.admin_view()to protect it from unauthorized access
```
def changelist_view(self, request):
    return self.admin_site.admin_view(self.sales_report)(request)
```

Remove add, change, delete permissions so that only view permission remains and protect change and history views:

def has_add_permission(self, request):
    return False

def has_change_permission(self, request, obj=None):
    return False

def has_delete_permission(self, request, obj=None):
    return False

def change_view(self, *args, **kwargs):
    raise PermissionDenied

def history_view(self, *args, **kwargs):
    raise PermissionDenied

Helpers and imports for the sales_report()view are as follows:

from collections import namedtuple
from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied    
from django.db import connection
from django.template.response import TemplateResponse

Totals = namedtuple('Totals', ['total_orders', 'total_products', 'total_amount'])

def namedtuplefetchall(cursor):
    '''Return all rows from a cursor as a namedtuple'''
    desc = cursor.description
    nt_result = namedtuple('Result', [col[0] for col in desc])
    return [nt_result(*row) for row in cursor.fetchall()]

def get_previous_month_start_end_date():
    today = datetime.date.today()
    prev_month_last = datetime.date(today.year, today.month, 1) - datetime.timedelta(1)
    prev_month_first = datetime.date(prev_month_last.year, prev_month_last.month, 1)
    return prev_month_first, prev_month_last

Add the following template to sales/report.html, deriving from admin/base_site.htmlto use the admin layout:

{% extends "admin/base_site.html" %}
{% block content %}
<div id="content-main"><div class="results">
  <table>
    <thead>
      <tr>
        <th scope="col"><div class="text">Customer</div></th>
        <th scope="col"><div class="text">Product</div></th>
        <th scope="col"><div class="text"># orders</div></th>
        <th scope="col"><div class="text"># products</div></th>
        <th scope="col"><div class="text">Amount </div></th>
      </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
      {% for result in results %}
      <tr class="row1">
        <td>{{ result.customer }}</td>
        <td>{{ result.product }}</td>
        <td>{{ result.total_orders }}</td>
        <td>{{ result.total_products }}</td>
        <td>{{ result.total_amount|floatformat:2 }}</td>
      </tr>
      {% endfor %}
      <tr class="row1" style="font-weight: bold">
        <td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
        <td>{{ totals.total_orders }}</td>
        <td>{{ totals.total_products }}</td>
        <td>{{ totals.total_amount|floatformat:2 }}</td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</div></div>
{% endblock %}

创建代理模型以在管理索引页面中显示报告：

class SalesReport(SalesOrder):
    class Meta:
        proxy = True

为模型创建模型管理类：

@admin.register(SalesReport)
class SalesReportAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    ...

实现报表视图：

def sales_report(self, request):
    monthly_products_by_customer_sql = '''
    SELECT c.name AS customer,
           p.name AS product,
           COUNT(DISTINCT o.id) AS total_orders,
           SUM(oi.quantity) AS total_products,
           SUM(oi.quantity * oi.price) AS total_amount
    FROM sales_salesorder o
    INNER JOIN customers_customer c ON o.customer_id = c.id
    INNER JOIN sales_salesorderitem oi ON o.id = oi.sales_order_id
    INNER JOIN products_product p ON oi.product_id = p.id
    WHERE o.departure_date >= %s AND o.departure_date <= %s
    GROUP BY c.id, p.id
    ORDER BY total_amount DESC;
    '''
    start, end = get_previous_month_start_end_date()
    with connection.cursor() as cursor:
        cursor.execute(monthly_products_by_customer_sql, (start, end))
        results = namedtuplefetchall(cursor)
        totals = Totals(
            total_orders=sum(r.total_orders for r in results),
            total_products=sum(r.total_products for r in results),
            total_amount=sum(r.total_amount for r in results),
        )
        context = dict(
            self.admin_site.each_context(request),
            title=f'Sales report for {start} - {end}',
            period_start=start,
            period_end=end,
            results=results,
            totals=totals,
        )
        return TemplateResponse(request, 'sales/report.html', context)

从返回报表视图changelist_view()，将其包装到其中admin_site.admin_view()以防止未经授权的访问
```
def changelist_view(self, request):
    return self.admin_site.admin_view(self.sales_report)(request)
```

删除添加、更改、删除权限，以便仅保留查看权限并保护更改和历史视图：

def has_add_permission(self, request):
    return False

def has_change_permission(self, request, obj=None):
    return False

def has_delete_permission(self, request, obj=None):
    return False

def change_view(self, *args, **kwargs):
    raise PermissionDenied

def history_view(self, *args, **kwargs):
    raise PermissionDenied

sales_report()视图的助手和导入如下：

from collections import namedtuple
from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied    
from django.db import connection
from django.template.response import TemplateResponse

Totals = namedtuple('Totals', ['total_orders', 'total_products', 'total_amount'])

def namedtuplefetchall(cursor):
    '''Return all rows from a cursor as a namedtuple'''
    desc = cursor.description
    nt_result = namedtuple('Result', [col[0] for col in desc])
    return [nt_result(*row) for row in cursor.fetchall()]

def get_previous_month_start_end_date():
    today = datetime.date.today()
    prev_month_last = datetime.date(today.year, today.month, 1) - datetime.timedelta(1)
    prev_month_first = datetime.date(prev_month_last.year, prev_month_last.month, 1)
    return prev_month_first, prev_month_last

将以下模板添加到sales/report.html，派生自admin/base_site.html以使用管理布局：

{% extends "admin/base_site.html" %}
{% block content %}
<div id="content-main"><div class="results">
  <table>
    <thead>
      <tr>
        <th scope="col"><div class="text">Customer</div></th>
        <th scope="col"><div class="text">Product</div></th>
        <th scope="col"><div class="text"># orders</div></th>
        <th scope="col"><div class="text"># products</div></th>
        <th scope="col"><div class="text">Amount </div></th>
      </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
      {% for result in results %}
      <tr class="row1">
        <td>{{ result.customer }}</td>
        <td>{{ result.product }}</td>
        <td>{{ result.total_orders }}</td>
        <td>{{ result.total_products }}</td>
        <td>{{ result.total_amount|floatformat:2 }}</td>
      </tr>
      {% endfor %}
      <tr class="row1" style="font-weight: bold">
        <td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td>
        <td>{{ totals.total_orders }}</td>
        <td>{{ totals.total_products }}</td>
        <td>{{ totals.total_amount|floatformat:2 }}</td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</div></div>
{% endblock %}

Now the report will be listed in admin index page with view-only icon , it is protected from unauthorized access and has a consistent look with the rest of the admin site.

现在，该报告将列在管理索引页面中，带有仅查看图标，它受到保护，不会受到未经授权的访问，并且与管理站点的其余部分具有一致的外观。

Answer 5

回答by zzr

EditIt really looks like both packages are gone, but now we have a nice data structure, borrowed from R -- DataFramein pandas package Quick tutorial(pay attention to section "Grouping")

编辑看起来两个包都不见了，但现在我们有了一个很好的数据结构，从 R 借来的——DataFramein pandas 包快速教程（注意“分组”部分）

I don't know about complete reporting solution for Django (or Python), but make reporting with Django is quite easy with or without ORM:

我不知道 Django（或 Python）的完整报告解决方案，但是无论是否使用 ORM，使用 Django 进行报告都非常容易：

django-tables can give you very basic structure for handling table data (asc/desc server-side sorting etc)
you can use standart django 1.1 queryset aggregates (django-reporting uses them) for totals/subtotals stuff.

django-tables 可以为您提供用于处理表数据的非常基本的结构（asc/desc 服务器端排序等）
您可以将标准 django 1.1 查询集聚合（django-reporting 使用它们）用于总计/小计内容。

Personally I use django-tables and neithere's datashapingpython package for quick summary/avg/median/IQR/filtering stuff because I have many different data sources (REST data, two mysql dbs, csv files from R) with only few of them in django db now.

我个人使用 django-tables 和 nonee 的datashapingpython 包来快速汇总/avg/median/IQR/filtering 东西，因为我有许多不同的数据源（REST 数据、两个 mysql dbs、来自 R 的 csv 文件），其中只有少数在 django 中db 现在。

Pycha is one of candidates for me to draw simple charts.

Pycha 是我绘制简单图表的候选人之一。

I don't like client-side ajax-based grids etc for reporting, but you can use it with django templates too.

我不喜欢基于 ajax 的客户端网格等进行报告，但您也可以将它与 django 模板一起使用。

python Django 报告选项

提问by yuben

采纳答案by Daniel Naab

回答by Bufke

回答by S.Lott

回答by mrts

回答by zzr

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python Django 报告选项

提问by yuben

采纳答案by Daniel Naab

回答by Bufke

回答by S.Lott

回答by mrts

回答by zzr

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