Laravel 4：多租户应用，每个租户都有自己的数据库和一个全局数据库

Laravel 4: Multiple Tenant Application, each tenant it's own database and one global database

提问by Victor Gutierrez

Currently i have a application that hosts multiple tenants written in CodeIgniter. But i am really loving Laravel 4 and i would like to start migrating the application to Laravel.

目前我有一个应用程序，它承载了用 CodeIgniter 编写的多个租户。但我真的很喜欢 Laravel 4，我想开始将应用程序迁移到 Laravel。

Here is the current setup:

这是当前的设置：

• Each tenant has it's own database.
• There is just one set of application files.
• When we create a new tenant a new database is created and an install script is run and the database is seeded with some initial information.
• Each tenant also has it's own subdomain. That is how we can detect which database to use.
• There is a main database that holds tenant information and users and some other general tables.
• When a schema update is needed we just create an update script that will run for each tenant. This happens via a specially coded CLI script for Codeigniter

• 每个租户都有自己的数据库。
• 只有一组应用程序文件。
• 当我们创建一个新租户时，会创建一个新数据库并运行安装脚本，并为该数据库提供一些初始信息。
• 每个租户也有自己的子域。这就是我们如何检测要使用的数据库。
• 有一个主数据库，用于保存租户信息和用户以及其他一些通用表。
• 当需要架构更新时，我们只需创建一个将为每个租户运行的更新脚本。这是通过 Codeigniter 的特殊编码 CLI 脚本实现的

In Codeigniter it's relatively easy to start and end new database connections.

在 Codeigniter 中，启动和结束新的数据库连接相对容易。

With Laravel i have the following issues/questions.

对于 Laravel，我有以下问题/疑问。

• How would you start/end database connections on the fly?
• I would like to use Migrations but i would like to run them for each tenant. Migrations currently only run on the "main" database connection. And it only runs once.
• Same goes for seeding..

• 您将如何动态启动/结束数据库连接？
• 我想使用迁移，但我想为每个租户运行它们。迁移目前仅在“主”数据库连接上运行。而且它只运行一次。
• 播种也是一样。。

These are my main issues, i have some other minor stuff but those can be worked around.

这些是我的主要问题，我还有其他一些小问题，但可以解决这些问题。

Hopefully someone can shed some light..

希望有人能阐明一些..

采纳答案by Blessing

I'm just taking a stab at this, so be warned :) The DatabaseManager class, which is used whenever you call DB, has and extend method. Here's the link to the source. The DB::connection() method should return an instance of Illuminate\Database\Connection. From all this, I would create a new user connection as follows:

我只是在尝试一下，所以请注意:) DatabaseManager 类，每当您调用 DB 时都会使用它，具有和扩展方法。这是源的链接。DB::connection() 方法应该返回一个Illuminate\Database\Connection的实例。根据所有这些，我将创建一个新的用户连接，如下所示：

$user = Auth::user();
DB::extend($user->username, function() use ($user) {
   // $pdo = new PDO(); set this up how you see fit
    return new Illuminate\Database\Connection($pdo, $user->databaseName, $tablePrefix);
});

Personally, I would add a new method to each user, User::databaseConnection(), and call that when I extend the DatabaseManager.

就个人而言，我会为每个用户添加一个新方法 User::databaseConnection()，并在扩展 DatabaseManager 时调用该方法。

DB::extend($user->username, function() use ($user) {
    return $user->databaseConnection();
});

Through out your application you should be able to call a registered user's connection via:

在整个应用程序中，您应该能够通过以下方式调用注册用户的连接：

DB::connection(Auth::user()->username);

Update

更新

Depending on how often and when you'd be calling the tenant connection, you may want to use the IOC container.

根据您调用租户连接的频率和时间，您可能希望使用 IOC 容器。

App::bind('tenantDB', function()
{
     return DB::connection(Auth::user()->username);
});

App::make('tenantDB')->insert(...);

I forgot about migrations and seeding. For migrations, you can set the file path

我忘记了迁移和播种。对于迁移，您可以设置文件路径

php artisan migrate:make foo --path=app/migrations

So if you use the Config class to set the default database or DB::setDefaultConnection($username), I'd assume all migrations and seeding will be done for the current connection. When that process if complete you can switch back to you main database.

因此，如果您使用 Config 类来设置默认数据库或 DB::setDefaultConnection($username)，我假设所有迁移和播种都将针对当前连接完成。当该过程完成后，您可以切换回主数据库。

Update 2

更新 2

The laravel developers are amazing and I should have definitely got the urge to check this out sooner than later. You can do migrations and seed on any database connection you've created.

laravel 的开发者非常了不起，我绝对应该早点检查一下。您可以在您创建的任何数据库连接上执行迁移和种子操作。

artisan migrate --database='userConnectionName' 
artisan db:seed --database='userConnectionName'

Looking at Barry's answer, that is probably a good deal simpler than extending the DatabaseManager.

看看 Barry 的回答，这可能比扩展 DatabaseManager 简单得多。

If you want to see all the options for these commands just run:

如果您想查看这些命令的所有选项，只需运行：

artisan help migrate
artisan help db:seed

回答by Barryvdh

You can create 1 database with the tenant database credentials, and dynamically set them in your app:

您可以使用租户数据库凭据创建 1 个数据库，并在您的应用程序中动态设置它们：

$tenant = Tenant::where('username', '=', $username)->first();
Config::set('database.connections.tenant.username', $tenant->db_username);
Config::set('database.connections.tenant.password', $tenant->db_password);
Config::set('database.connections.tenant.database', $tenant->db_database);

This will require to create 2 connections in your database.php file. (for instance app and tenant) and specify in your model which database to use (1 for the storing of tenants, 1 for the tenant specific database)

这将需要在您的 database.php 文件中创建 2 个连接。（例如应用程序和租户）并在您的模型中指定要使用的数据库（1 用于存储租户，1 用于租户特定数据库）

And probably create a route/script to create/update the tables. Not sure about migrations with multiple databases.

并且可能创建一个路由/脚本来创建/更新表。不确定与多个数据库的迁移。

回答by Harish Anchu

You can create dynamic DB connections in laravel with following syntax

您可以使用以下语法在 laravel 中创建动态数据库连接

Config::set('database.connections.key', array(
    'driver'    => 'mysql',
    'host'      => 'localhost',
    'database'  => 'dbname',
    'username'  => 'dbuser',
    'password'  => 'dbpass',
    'charset'   => 'utf8',
    'collation' => 'utf8_unicode_ci',
    'prefix'    => '',
));

With that DB::connection('key'); would just work.

接着就，随即 DB::connection('key'); would just work.

回答by michaeltintiuc

I've recently encountered a similar problem, had to use different Databases for several models.

我最近遇到了类似的问题，不得不为几个模型使用不同的数据库。

I've found the following to do the trick.

我发现以下方法可以解决问题。

1. In app/config/database.php add a new connection MY_NEW_CONNECTION
2. For the new connection, set the database name to whatever

3. In your filters.php or routes.php or controller's __construct method add the following:

   $db = 'get your database name'; Config::set('database.connections.MY_NEW_CONNECTION.database',$db); DB::setDefaultConnection('MY_NEW_CONNECTION');

1. 在 app/config/database.php 添加一个新的连接 MY_NEW_CONNECTION
2. 对于新连接，将数据库名称设置为任何

3. 在您的 filters.php 或 routes.php 或控制器的 __construct 方法中添加以下内容：

   $db = '获取你的数据库名称'; 配置::设置('database.connections.MY_NEW_CONNECTION.database',$db); DB::setDefaultConnection('MY_NEW_CONNECTION');

回答by Anand Capur

1) You can define multiple named connections in your database.php config file

1) 您可以在 database.php 配置文件中定义多个命名连接

'connections' => array(
    'tenant1' => array(
     ...
    ),
    'tenant2' => array(
     ...
    ),

Then you can choose which one to use with something like this.

然后你可以选择使用哪一个来处理这样的事情。

$something = DB::connection('tenant1')->select(...);

2) This isn't a full solution as I think it will require some hacking on the core, but you can choose which connection to run a migration on. Maybe you could iterate through your list of tenants and run it on all of them.

2）这不是一个完整的解决方案，因为我认为它需要对核心进行一些黑客攻击，但您可以选择在哪个连接上运行迁移。也许您可以遍历租户列表并在所有租户上运行它。

Schema::connection('tenant1')->create('users', function($table)

3) Unfortunately, I don't think seeding supports multiple connections yet. You might have to roll your own seeding functionality.

3）不幸的是，我认为播种尚不支持多个连接。您可能需要推出自己的播种功能。