如何忽略 Git 中的某些文件

How to ignore certain files in Git

提问by Kohan95

I have a repository with a file, Hello.java. When I compile it, an additional Hello.classfile is generated.

我有一个带有文件的存储库，Hello.java. 当我编译它时，Hello.class会生成一个附加文件。

I created an entry for Hello.classin a .gitignorefile. However, the file still appears to be tracked.

我Hello.class在.gitignore文件中创建了一个条目。但是，该文件似乎仍被跟踪。

How can I make Git ignore Hello.class?

如何让 Git 忽略Hello.class？

回答by Ondrej Slinták

The problem is that .gitignoreignores just files that weren't tracked before (by git add). Run git reset name_of_fileto unstage the file and keep it. In case you want to also remove the given file from the repository (after pushing), use git rm --cached name_of_file.

问题是.gitignore忽略了之前（by git add）未跟踪的文件。运行git reset name_of_file以取消暂存文件并保留它。如果您还想从存储库中删除给定的文件（推送后），请使用git rm --cached name_of_file.

回答by Xman Classical

How to ignore new files

如何忽略新文件

Globally

全球范围内

Add the path(s) to your file(s) which you would like to ignore to your .gitignorefile (and commit them). These file entries will also apply to others checking out the repository.

将要忽略的.gitignore文件路径添加到文件中（并提交它们）。这些文件条目也适用于签出存储库的其他人。

Locally

本地

Add the path(s) to your file(s) which you would like to ignore to your .git/info/excludefile. These file entries will only apply to your local working copy.

将要忽略的.git/info/exclude文件路径添加到文件中。这些文件条目仅适用于您的本地工作副本。

How to ignore changed files (temporarily)

如何忽略更改的文件（暂时）

In order to ignore changed files to being listed as modified, you can use the following git command:

为了忽略已更改的文件被列为已修改，您可以使用以下 git 命令：

git update-index --assume-unchanged <file>

To revert that ignorance use the following command:

要恢复这种无知，请使用以下命令：

git update-index --no-assume-unchanged <file>

回答by Armand

Add the following line to .gitignore:

将以下行添加到 .gitignore：

/Hello.class

This will exclude Hello.class from git. If you have already committed it, run the following command:

这将从 git 中排除 Hello.class。如果您已经提交，请运行以下命令：

git rm Hello.class

If you want to exclude all class files from git, add the following line to .gitignore:

如果要从 git 中排除所有类文件，请将以下行添加到 .gitignore：

*.class

回答by SomeAnonymousPerson

1) Create a .gitignorefile. To do that, you just create a .txtfile and change the extension as follows:

1) 创建.gitignore文件。为此，您只需创建一个.txt文件并按如下方式更改扩展名：

Then you have to change the name, writing the following line in a cmd window:

然后您必须更改名称，在 cmd 窗口中写入以下行：

 rename git.txt .gitignore

Where git.txtis the name of the file you've just created.

git.txt您刚刚创建的文件的名称在哪里。

Then you can open the file and write all the files you don't want to add on the repository. For example, mine looks like this:

然后您可以打开文件并将所有不想添加到存储库的文件写入。例如，我的看起来像这样：

#OS junk files
[Tt]humbs.db
*.DS_Store

#Visual Studio files
*.[Oo]bj
*.user
*.aps
*.pch
*.vspscc
*.vssscc
*_i.c
*_p.c
*.ncb
*.suo
*.tlb
*.tlh
*.bak
*.[Cc]ache
*.ilk
*.log
*.lib
*.sbr
*.sdf
*.pyc
*.xml
ipch/
obj/
[Bb]in
[Dd]ebug*/
[Rr]elease*/
Ankh.NoLoad

#Tooling
_ReSharper*/
*.resharper
[Tt]est[Rr]esult*

#Project files
[Bb]uild/

#Subversion files
.svn

# Office Temp Files
~$*

Once you have this, you need to add it to your Git repository. You have to save the file where your repository is.

一旦你有了这个，你需要将它添加到你的 Git 存储库中。您必须将文件保存在您的存储库所在的位置。

Then in Git Bash you have to write the following line:

然后在 Git Bash 中，您必须编写以下行：

git config --global core.excludesfile ~/.gitignore_global

If the repository already exists then you have to do the following:

如果存储库已经存在，那么您必须执行以下操作：

1. git rm -r --cached .
2. git add .
3. git commit -m ".gitignore is now working"

1. git rm -r --cached .
2. git add .
3. git commit -m ".gitignore is now working"

If the step 2 doesn't work then you should write the whole route of the files that you would like to add.

如果第 2 步不起作用，那么您应该编写要添加的文件的整个路径。

回答by avj

To ignore:

忽略：

git update-index --assume-unchanged <path/to/file>

To undo ignore:

要撤消忽略：

git update-index --no-assume-unchanged <path/to/file>

回答by kapillohakare

You can use below methods for ignoring/not-ignoring changes in tracked files.

您可以使用以下方法忽略/不忽略跟踪文件中的更改。

1. For ignoring: git update-index --assume-unchanged <file>
2. For reverting ignored files: git update-index --no-assume-unchanged <file>

1. 忽略： git update-index --assume-unchanged <file>
2. 恢复被忽略的文件： git update-index --no-assume-unchanged <file>

回答by terminus

Create a .gitignorein the directory where .git is. You can list files in it separated by a newline. You also can use wildcards:

.gitignore在 .git 所在的目录中创建一个。您可以列出其中以换行符分隔的文件。您还可以使用通配符：

*.o
.*.swp

回答by Mile Mijatovi?

From the official GitHub site:

来自官方 GitHub 站点：

If you already have a file checked in, and you want to ignore it, Git will not ignore the file if you add a rule later. In those cases, you must untrack the file first, by running the following command in your terminal:

如果您已经签入了一个文件，并且您想忽略它，那么如果您稍后添加规则，Git 将不会忽略该文件。在这些情况下，您必须首先通过在终端中运行以下命令来取消跟踪文件：

git rm --cached FILENAME

or

或者

git rm --cached .

回答by KingCrunch

You should write something like

你应该写一些类似的东西

*.class

into your .gitignorefile.

进入你的.gitignore档案。

回答by Chinmoy

Add which files you want to ignore to file .gitignore:

将要忽略的文件添加到 file .gitignore：

*.class

*。班级

*.projects

*.projects

*.prefs

*.prefs

*.project

*。项目