bash + expect，在后台运行
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bash + expect, running in background
提问by Jakub G?azik
I'm using expect to establish a persistent ssh connection
我正在使用 expect 来建立持久的 ssh 连接
set stb_ip [lindex $argv 0]
spawn -noecho ssh -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPath=/tmp/ssh-master-%r@%h:%p -o ConnectTimeout=1 -O exit root@$stb_ip
spawn -noecho ssh -fN -o ControlMaster=yes -o ControlPath=/tmp/ssh-master-%r@%h:%p -o ControlPersist=360 -o ConnectTimeout=1 root@$stb_ip
expect {
-re ".*password:" {send "\r"; interact}
}
Unfortunately I can't manage to put this into background, I triend expect_background, fork+disconect but no luck. Even triend running this from another script with
不幸的是，我无法将其置于后台，我尝试使用 expect_background、fork+disconect 但没有运气。甚至 triend 从另一个脚本运行它
excpect -f script.ex param1 param2 &
but with no luck. Any help ?
但没有运气。有什么帮助吗？
回答by Cjolly
Heres a proc you can use to login and then interact. I have not tried it with all the ssh Options but I don't see any reason it would not work. Since I use the 8.6 command "try" this is for 8.6 tcl only but you can modify the try to use catch for earlier versions pretty easily.
这是一个可用于登录然后进行交互的过程。我没有尝试过所有 ssh 选项，但我看不出有任何原因它不起作用。由于我使用 8.6 命令“try”，这仅适用于 8.6 tcl，但您可以很容易地修改 try 以使用早期版本的 catch。
#!/bin/sh
# the next line restarts using wish \
exec /opt/usr8.6b.5/bin/tclsh8.6 "set stb_ip [lindex $argv 0]
spawn -noecho ssh -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPath=/tmp/ssh-master-%r@%h:%p -o ConnectTimeout=1 -O exit root@$stb_ip
spawn -noecho ssh -fN -o ControlMaster=yes -o ControlPath=/tmp/ssh-master-%r@%h:%p -o ControlPersist=360 -o ConnectTimeout=1 root@$stb_ip
expect {
-re ".*password:" {send "\r"; interact}
}
expect eof
" ${1+"$@"}
if { [ catch {package require Expect } err ] != 0 } {
puts stderr "Unable to find package Expect ... adjust your auto_path!";
}
proc login { user password cmdline } {
set pid [spawn -noecho {*}$cmdline ]
set bad 0;
set done 0;
exp_internal 0; # set to one for extensive debug
log_user 0; # set to one to watch action
set timeout 10
set passwdcount 0
set errMsg {}
# regexp to match prompt after successfull login you may need to change
set intialpromptregexp {^.*[$\#>]}
expect {
-i $spawn_id
-re $intialpromptregexp {
send_user $expect_out(0,string);
set done 1
}
-re {.*assword:} {
if { $passwdcount >= 1 } {
lappend errMsg "Invalid username or password for user $user"
set bad 1
} else {
exp_send -i $spawn_id "$password\r"
incr passwdcount
exp_continue;
}
}
-re {.*Host key verification failed.} {
lappend errMsg "Host key verification failed."
set bad 1
}
-re {.*onnection refused} {
lappend errMsg "Connection Refused"
set bad 1
}
-re {.*onnection closed by remote host} {
lappend errMsg "Connection Refused"
set bad 1
}
-re {.*Could not resolve hostname (.*): Name or service not known} {
lappend errMsg "Host invalid: Could not resolve hostname in $cmdline : Name or service not known"
set bad 1
}
-re {\(yes/no\)\?} {
exp_send -i $spawn_id "yes\r"
exp_continue;
}
timeout {
lappend errMsg "timeout \[[expr { [clock seconds] - $start } ]\]"
set bad 1
}
fullbuffer {
lappend errMsg " buffer is full"
exp_continue;
}
eof {
puts "Eof detected "
set bad 1
set done 1 ;
}
}
if { $bad } {
throw CONNECTION_ERROR [join $errMsg \n ]
}
return $spawn_id
}
# get login information in somehow in this case from command line
set user [lindex $argv 0]
set passwd [lindex $argv 1]
set host [lindex $argv 2 ]
try {
set spawn_id [login $user $passwd "ssh -X $user@$host" ]
} trap CONNECTION_ERROR a {
puts "CONNECTION ERROR: $a"
exit 1
}
interact
set exitstatus [ exp_wait -i $spawn_id ];
catch { exp_close -i $spawn_id };
# more clean up here if you want
回答by Paul Wasilewski
To execute an expect script in the background use expect eofat the end of your expect script. In case you have defined interactremove it from your script.
要在后台执行期望脚本，请在expect eof您的期望脚本末尾使用。如果您已定义，interact请将其从脚本中删除。
Changed script of OP
更改了 OP 的脚本
#!/usr/bin/expect -f
set host "host"
set password "password"
spawn ssh $host
expect {
"(yes/no)?" {
send -- "yes\r"
exp_continue
}
"*password:*" {
send -- "$password\r"
}
}
##Removing this:
#interact
##And adding this:
expect eof
exit
An other example [1].
另一个例子[1]。
nohup expect -f script.ex param1 param2 &
回答by Mike Pennington
Assuming your script works in the "foreground"...
假设您的脚本在“前台”工作...
#!/bin/sh
#
# Persistent ssh: Automatically create persistent ssh connections using OpenSSH 4.0
[ -z "$USER" ] && USER=`whoami`
MASTERSOCKDIR="/tmp/pssh-$USER"
MASTERSOCK="$MASTERSOCKDIR/%r-%h-%p"
# Check if master is running
output=`ssh -o ControlPath="$MASTERSOCK" -O check "$@" 2>&1`
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
case "$output" in
Control*)
# Master not running, SSH supports master
# Figure out socket filename
socket=`echo "$output" | sed -n -e 's/[^(]*(\([^)]*\)).*//p' -e '1q'`
# Clean old socket if valid filename
case "$socket" in
"$MASTERSOCKDIR"/*) rm -f "$socket" >/dev/null 2>&1 ;;
esac
# Start persistent master connection
if [ ! -d "$MASTERSOCKDIR" ]; then
mkdir "$MASTERSOCKDIR"
chmod 700 "$MASTERSOCKDIR"
fi
ssh -o ControlPath="$MASTERSOCK" -MNf "$@"
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "##代码##: Can't create master SSH connection, falling back to regular SSH" >&2
fi
;;
*)
# SSH doesn't support master or bad command line parameters
ERRCODE=$?
echo "$output" >&2
echo "##代码##: SSH doesn't support persistent connections or bad parameters" >&2
exit $ERRCODE
;;
esac
fi
exec ssh -o ControlPath="$MASTERSOCK" -o ControlMaster=no "$@"
回答by w00t
Here's a script I made a long time ago. It does what you want but doesn't use Expect (which I loathe). I don't use it any more, I can't guarantee that it even still works but it should get you going.
这是我很久以前制作的脚本。它做你想做的，但不使用 Expect（我讨厌）。我不再使用它了，我不能保证它仍然有效，但它应该能让你继续前进。
##代码##