在 PHP 5 中将 IP 与 CIDR 掩码匹配？
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Matching an IP to a CIDR mask in PHP 5?
提问by Uberfuzzy
I'm looking for quick/simple method for matching a given IP4 dotted quad IP to a CIDR notation mask.
我正在寻找快速/简单的方法来将给定的 IP4 点分四路 IP 与 CIDR 符号掩码匹配。
I have a bunch of IPs I need to see if they match a range of IPs.
我有一堆 IP，我需要查看它们是否与一系列 IP 匹配。
example:
例子：
$ips = array('10.2.1.100', '10.2.1.101', '10.5.1.100', '1.2.3.4');
foreach ($ips as $IP) {
if (cidr_match($IP, '10.2.0.0/16') == true) {
print "you're in the 10.2 subnet\n";
}
}
What would cidr_match()look like?
会是什么cidr_match()模样？
It doesn't really have to be simple, but fast would be good. Anything that uses only built-in/common functions is a bonus (as I'm likely to get one person to show me something in pear that does this, but I can't depend on pear or that package being installed where my code is deployed).
它并不一定很简单，但快速会很好。任何只使用内置/通用函数的东西都是一种奖励（因为我可能会让一个人向我展示一些用 pear 来做这件事的东西，但我不能依赖 pear 或安装在我的代码所在的那个包部署）。
回答by Alnitak
If only using IPv4:
如果仅使用 IPv4：
- use
ip2long()to convert the IPs and the subnet range into long integers - convert the /xx into a subnet mask
- do a bitwise 'and' (i.e. ip & mask)' and check that that 'result = subnet'
- 用于
ip2long()将 IP 和子网范围转换为长整数 - 将 /xx 转换为子网掩码
- 执行按位“与”（即 ip 和掩码）并检查“结果 = 子网”
something like this should work:
这样的事情应该工作：
function cidr_match($ip, $range)
{
list ($subnet, $bits) = explode('/', $range);
if ($bits === null) {
$bits = 32;
}
$ip = ip2long($ip);
$subnet = ip2long($subnet);
$mask = -1 << (32 - $bits);
$subnet &= $mask; #?nb: in case the supplied subnet wasn't correctly aligned
return ($ip & $mask) == $subnet;
}
回答by Dávid Veszelovszki
In a similar situation, I ended up using symfony/http-foundation.
在类似的情况下，我最终使用了 symfony/http-foundation。
When using this package, your code would look like:
使用此包时，您的代码将如下所示：
$ips = array('10.2.1.100', '10.2.1.101', '10.5.1.100', '1.2.3.4');
foreach($ips as $IP) {
if (\Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\IpUtils::checkIp($IP, '10.2.0.0/16')) {
print "you're in the 10.2 subnet\n";
}
}
It also handles IPv6.
它还处理 IPv6。
Link: https://packagist.org/packages/symfony/http-foundation
回答by Samuel Parkinson
I found many of these methods breaking after PHP 5.2. However the following solution works on versions 5.2 and above:
我发现其中许多方法在 PHP 5.2 之后都失效了。但是，以下解决方案适用于 5.2 及更高版本：
function cidr_match($ip, $cidr)
{
list($subnet, $mask) = explode('/', $cidr);
if ((ip2long($ip) & ~((1 << (32 - $mask)) - 1) ) == ip2long($subnet))
{
return true;
}
return false;
}
Example results
示例结果
cidr_match("1.2.3.4", "0.0.0.0/0"): true
cidr_match("127.0.0.1", "127.0.0.1/32"): true
cidr_match("127.0.0.1", "127.0.0.2/32"): false
Source http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.ip2long.php#82397.
回答by Decebal
Some function changed:
一些功能改变了：
- split with explode
- 分裂与爆炸
function cidr_match($ip, $range)
{
list ($subnet, $bits) = explode('/', $range);
$ip = ip2long($ip);
$subnet = ip2long($subnet);
$mask = -1 << (32 - $bits);
$subnet &= $mask;
return ($ip & $mask) == $subnet;
}
回答by A.R. Nasir Qureshi
My technique uses bit to bit matching using subnet and mask.
我的技术使用子网和掩码进行位对位匹配。
function cidr_match($ip, $range){
list ($subnet, $bits) = explode('/', $range);
$ip = substr(IP2bin($ip),0,$bits) ;
$subnet = substr(IP2Bin($subnet),0,$bits) ;
return ($ip == $subnet) ;
}
function IP2Bin($ip){
$ipbin = '';
$ips = explode(".",$ip) ;
foreach ($ips as $iptmp){
$ipbin .= sprintf("%08b",$iptmp) ;
}
return $ipbin ;
}
回答by Php'Regex
Here is one fast 64bits function to do it, please comment the return line you don't need. Accepting any valid Ipv4 with or without valid CIDR Routing Prefix for example 63.161.156.0/24or 63.161.156.0
这是一个快速的 64 位函数，请注释您不需要的返回行。接受任何有效的IPv4具有或不具有有效的CIDR路由前缀例如63.161.156.0/ 24或63.161.156.0
<?php
function cidr2range($ipv4){
if ($ip=strpos($ipv4,'/'))
{$n_ip=(1<<(32-substr($ipv4,1+$ip)))-1; $ip_dec=ip2long(substr($ipv4,0,$ip)); }
else
{$n_ip=0; $ip_dec=ip2long($ipv4); }
$ip_min=$ip_dec&~$n_ip;
$ip_max=$ip_min+$n_ip;
#Array(2) of Decimal Values Range
return [$ip_min,$ip_max];
#Array(2) of Ipv4 Human Readable Range
return [long2ip($ip_min),long2ip($ip_max)];
#Array(2) of Ipv4 and Subnet Range
return [long2ip($ip_min),long2ip(~$n_ip)];
#Array(2) of Ipv4 and Wildcard Bits
return [long2ip($ip_min),long2ip($n_ip)];
#Integer Number of Ipv4 in Range
return ++$n_ip;
}
To fast check if a given ipv4 is matching a given CIDRyou can do it inline like in this example
要快速检查给定的ipv4 是否与给定的 CIDR 匹配，您可以像本示例一样内联
<?php
$given_cidr='55.55.55.0/24';
$given_ipv4='55.55.55.55';
if(($range=cidr2range($given_cidr)) &&
($check=ip2long($given_ipv4))!==false &&
$check>=$range[0] && $check<=$range[1])
{
echo 'Yes, '.$given_ipv4.' is included in '.$given_cidr;
}
else
{
echo 'No, '.$given_ipv4.' is not included in '.$given_cidr;
}
To get the full rangeas an array for a given IP (with or without CIDR Routing Prefix) you can use the following code but be carefull because for example 25.25.25.25/16 return an array with 65536 elements and you can easily run out of memory using a smaller Routing Prefix
要获得给定 IP（带或不带 CIDR 路由前缀）的数组的完整范围，您可以使用以下代码，但要小心，因为例如 25.25.25.25/16 返回一个包含 65536 个元素的数组，您很容易用完使用较小路由前缀的内存
<?php
$result=cidr2range($ipv4);
for($ip_dec=$result[0];$ip_dec<=$result[1];$ip_dec++)
$full_range[$ip_dec]=long2ip($ip_dec);
print_r($full_range);
To fast check if a given ipv4 is matching a given array of IP(with or without CIDR Routing Prefix)
快速检查给定的ipv4 是否匹配给定的 IP 数组（带或不带 CIDR 路由前缀）
<?php
#This code is checking if a given ip belongs to googlebot
$given_ipv4='74.125.61.208';
$given_cidr_array=['108.59.93.43/32','108.59.93.40/31','108.59.93.44/30','108.59.93.32/29','108.59.93.48/28','108.59.93.0/27','108.59.93.64/26','108.59.93.192/26','108.59.92.192/27','108.59.92.128/26','108.59.92.96/27','108.59.92.0/27','108.59.94.208/29','108.59.94.192/28','108.59.94.240/28','108.59.94.128/26','108.59.94.16/29','108.59.94.0/28','108.59.94.32/27','108.59.94.64/26','108.59.95.0/24','108.59.88.0/22','108.59.81.0/27','108.59.80.0/24','108.59.82.0/23','108.59.84.0/22','108.170.217.128/28','108.170.217.160/27','108.170.217.192/26','108.170.217.0/25','108.170.216.0/24','108.170.218.0/23','108.170.220.0/22','108.170.208.0/21','108.170.192.0/20','108.170.224.0/19','108.177.0.0/17','104.132.0.0/14','104.154.0.0/15','104.196.0.0/14','107.167.160.0/19','107.178.192.0/18','125.17.82.112/30','125.16.7.72/30','74.125.0.0/16','72.14.192.0/18','77.109.131.208/28','77.67.50.32/27','66.102.0.0/20','66.227.77.144/29','66.249.64.0/19','67.148.177.136/29','64.124.98.104/29','64.71.148.240/29','64.68.64.64/26','64.68.80.0/20','64.41.221.192/28','64.41.146.208/28','64.9.224.0/19','64.233.160.0/19','65.171.1.144/28','65.170.13.0/28','65.167.144.64/28','65.220.13.0/24','65.216.183.0/24','70.32.132.0/23','70.32.128.0/22','70.32.136.0/21','70.32.144.0/20','85.182.250.128/26','85.182.250.0/25','80.239.168.192/26','80.149.20.0/25','61.246.224.136/30','61.246.190.124/30','63.237.119.112/29','63.226.245.56/29','63.158.137.224/29','63.166.17.128/25','63.161.156.0/24','63.88.22.0/23','41.206.188.128/26','12.234.149.240/29','12.216.80.0/24','8.34.217.24/29','8.34.217.0/28','8.34.217.32/27','8.34.217.64/26','8.34.217.128/25','8.34.216.0/24','8.34.218.0/23','8.34.220.0/22','8.34.208.128/29','8.34.208.144/28','8.34.208.160/27','8.34.208.192/26','8.34.208.0/25','8.34.209.0/24','8.34.210.0/23','8.34.212.0/22','8.35.195.128/28','8.35.195.160/27','8.35.195.192/26','8.35.195.0/25','8.35.194.0/24','8.35.192.0/23','8.35.196.0/22','8.35.200.0/21','8.8.8.0/24','8.8.4.0/24','8.6.48.0/21','4.3.2.0/24','23.236.48.0/20','23.251.128.0/19','216.239.32.0/19','216.252.220.0/22','216.136.145.128/27','216.33.229.160/29','216.33.229.144/29','216.34.7.176/28','216.58.192.0/19','216.109.75.80/28','216.74.130.48/28','216.74.153.0/27','217.118.234.96/28','208.46.199.160/29','208.44.48.240/29','208.21.209.0/28','208.184.125.240/28','209.185.108.128/25','209.85.128.0/17','213.200.103.128/26','213.200.99.192/26','213.155.151.128/26','199.192.112.224/29','199.192.112.192/27','199.192.112.128/26','199.192.112.0/25','199.192.113.176/28','199.192.113.128/27','199.192.113.192/26','199.192.113.0/25','199.192.115.80/28','199.192.115.96/27','199.192.115.0/28','199.192.115.128/25','199.192.114.192/26','199.192.114.0/25','199.223.232.0/21','198.108.100.192/28','195.16.45.144/29','192.104.160.0/23','192.158.28.0/22','192.178.0.0/15','206.160.135.240/28','207.223.160.0/20','203.222.167.144/28','173.255.125.72/29','173.255.125.80/28','173.255.125.96/27','173.255.125.0/27','173.255.125.128/25','173.255.124.240/29','173.255.124.232/29','173.255.124.192/27','173.255.124.128/29','173.255.124.144/28','173.255.124.160/27','173.255.124.48/29','173.255.124.32/28','173.255.124.0/27','173.255.124.64/26','173.255.126.0/23','173.255.122.128/26','173.255.122.64/26','173.255.123.0/24','173.255.121.128/26','173.255.121.0/25','173.255.120.0/24','173.255.117.32/27','173.255.117.64/26','173.255.117.128/25','173.255.116.192/27','173.255.116.128/26','173.255.116.0/25','173.255.118.0/23','173.255.112.0/22','173.194.0.0/16','172.102.8.0/21','172.253.0.0/16','172.217.0.0/16','162.216.148.0/22','162.222.176.0/21','180.87.33.64/26','128.177.109.0/26','128.177.119.128/25','128.177.163.0/25','130.211.0.0/16','142.250.0.0/15','146.148.0.0/17'];
echo '<pre>';
$in_range=false;
if (($given_ipv4_dec=ip2long($given_ipv4))!==false)
{
foreach($given_cidr_array as $given_cidr){
if(($range=cidr2range($given_cidr)) &&
$given_ipv4_dec>=$range[0] && $given_ipv4_dec<=$range[1])
{
$in_range=true;
echo $given_ipv4.' matched '.$given_cidr.' ('.join(array_map('long2ip',$range),' - ').")\n";
}
}
}
echo $given_ipv4.' is probably'.($in_range?'':' not').' a Googlebot IP';
To run fast the function don't check input but formally it should be a string matching the following regex
为了快速运行，该函数不检查输入，但正式它应该是与以下正则表达式匹配的字符串
#^(?:((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))\.((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))\.((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))\.((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))(?:/((?:(?:0)|(?:3[0-2])|(?:[1-2]?[0-9]))))?)$#
If you want to verify the inputbefore using the function
如果要在使用函数前验证输入
<?php
if (is_string($ipv4) && preg_match('#^(?:((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))\.((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))\.((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))\.((?:0)|(?:2(?:(?:[0-4][0-9])|(?:5[0-5])))|(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}))(?:/((?:(?:0)|(?:3[0-2])|(?:[1-2]?[0-9]))))?)$#',$ipv4))
{
#This is a valid ipv4 with or without CIDR Routing Prefix
$result=cidr2range($ipv4);
print_r($result);
}
Then the formal answer to your questionis the following
那么你的问题的正式答案如下
<?php
#Requiring cidr2range shown above function
function cidr_match($mixed_ip,$mixed_cidr){
if (!is_array($mixed_ip)){
$string_mode=true;
$mixed_ip=[$mixed_ip=>0];
}
else $mixed_ip=array_fill_keys($mixed_ip,0);
if (!is_array($mixed_cidr)) $mixed_cidr=[$mixed_cidr];
foreach($mixed_ip as $ip => &$result)
foreach($mixed_cidr as $cidr)
{
if(($range=cidr2range($cidr)) &&
($check=ip2long($ip))!==false &&
$check>=$range[0] && $check<=$range[1]){
$result=$cidr;
break;
}
}
$mixed_ip=array_filter($mixed_ip);
return $string_mode?($mixed_ip?true:false):$mixed_ip;
}
print '<pre>';
#Your example
$ips = array('10.2.1.100', '10.2.1.101', '10.5.1.100', '1.2.3.4');
foreach ($ips as $IP) {
if (cidr_match($IP, '10.2.0.0/16') == true) {
print "you're in the 10.2 subnet\n";
}
}
#Also working with IP array and/or CIDR array
#If IP array is given then return an array containing IP (keys) matching CIDR (values)
$result=cidr_match($ips,['20.2.0.0/16','10.2.0.0/15']);
foreach($result as $ip => $cidr){
print "$ip is in the $cidr subnet\n";
}
You can compile your own function using these examples, hope these few lines have helped you…
您可以使用这些示例编译自己的函数，希望这几行对您有所帮助……
回答by erik404
I also needed to test IP's against CIDR masks. I've found a website with excellent explanation and sourcecode which works perfectly well.
我还需要针对 CIDR 掩码测试 IP。我找到了一个具有出色解释和源代码的网站，它运行良好。
The website http://pgregg.com/blog/2009/04/php-algorithms-determining-if-an-ip-is-within-a-specific-range/
网站http://pgregg.com/blog/2009/04/php-algorithms-determining-if-an-ip-is-within-a-specific-range/
Because the website can one day cease to exist, here is the code
因为网站有一天会不复存在，这里是代码
<?php
/*
* ip_in_range.php - Function to determine if an IP is located in a
* specific range as specified via several alternative
* formats.
*
* Network ranges can be specified as:
* 1. Wildcard format: 1.2.3.*
* 2. CIDR format: 1.2.3/24 OR 1.2.3.4/255.255.255.0
* 3. Start-End IP format: 1.2.3.0-1.2.3.255
*
* Return value BOOLEAN : ip_in_range($ip, $range);
*
* Copyright 2008: Paul Gregg <[email protected]>
* 10 January 2008
* Version: 1.2
*
* Source website: http://www.pgregg.com/projects/php/ip_in_range/
* Version 1.2
*
* This software is Donationware - if you feel you have benefited from
* the use of this tool then please consider a donation. The value of
* which is entirely left up to your discretion.
* http://www.pgregg.com/donate/
*
* Please do not remove this header, or source attibution from this file.
*/
// decbin32
// In order to simplify working with IP addresses (in binary) and their
// netmasks, it is easier to ensure that the binary strings are padded
// with zeros out to 32 characters - IP addresses are 32 bit numbers
Function decbin32 ($dec) {
return str_pad(decbin($dec), 32, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
}
// ip_in_range
// This function takes 2 arguments, an IP address and a "range" in several
// different formats.
// Network ranges can be specified as:
// 1. Wildcard format: 1.2.3.*
// 2. CIDR format: 1.2.3/24 OR 1.2.3.4/255.255.255.0
// 3. Start-End IP format: 1.2.3.0-1.2.3.255
// The function will return true if the supplied IP is within the range.
// Note little validation is done on the range inputs - it expects you to
// use one of the above 3 formats.
Function ip_in_range($ip, $range) {
if (strpos($range, '/') !== false) {
// $range is in IP/NETMASK format
list($range, $netmask) = explode('/', $range, 2);
if (strpos($netmask, '.') !== false) {
// $netmask is a 255.255.0.0 format
$netmask = str_replace('*', '0', $netmask);
$netmask_dec = ip2long($netmask);
return ( (ip2long($ip) & $netmask_dec) == (ip2long($range) & $netmask_dec) );
} else {
// $netmask is a CIDR size block
// fix the range argument
$x = explode('.', $range);
while(count($x)<4) $x[] = '0';
list($a,$b,$c,$d) = $x;
$range = sprintf("%u.%u.%u.%u", empty($a)?'0':$a, empty($b)?'0':$b,empty($c)?'0':$c,empty($d)?'0':$d);
$range_dec = ip2long($range);
$ip_dec = ip2long($ip);
# Strategy 1 - Create the netmask with 'netmask' 1s and then fill it to 32 with 0s
#$netmask_dec = bindec(str_pad('', $netmask, '1') . str_pad('', 32-$netmask, '0'));
# Strategy 2 - Use math to create it
$wildcard_dec = pow(2, (32-$netmask)) - 1;
$netmask_dec = ~ $wildcard_dec;
return (($ip_dec & $netmask_dec) == ($range_dec & $netmask_dec));
}
} else {
// range might be 255.255.*.* or 1.2.3.0-1.2.3.255
if (strpos($range, '*') !==false) { // a.b.*.* format
// Just convert to A-B format by setting * to 0 for A and 255 for B
$lower = str_replace('*', '0', $range);
$upper = str_replace('*', '255', $range);
$range = "$lower-$upper";
}
if (strpos($range, '-')!==false) { // A-B format
list($lower, $upper) = explode('-', $range, 2);
$lower_dec = (float)sprintf("%u",ip2long($lower));
$upper_dec = (float)sprintf("%u",ip2long($upper));
$ip_dec = (float)sprintf("%u",ip2long($ip));
return ( ($ip_dec>=$lower_dec) && ($ip_dec<=$upper_dec) );
}
echo 'Range argument is not in 1.2.3.4/24 or 1.2.3.4/255.255.255.0 format';
return false;
}
}
?>
(I did not develop this; this is developed by Paul Gregg (http://pgregg.com/)
（我没有开发这个；这是由 Paul Gregg ( http://pgregg.com/)开发的）
回答by Johan
Just a note, Alnitak's answer works 32/64 bit.
请注意，Alnitak 的答案适用于 32/64 位。
Here is a cooked version of it, for quick spam protection based on country IP lists that you can get everywhere. google for country ip list or country ip block (Have to give one here, really difficult to find it in that sites page navigation:Country ip block generator)
这是它的成熟版本，用于基于您随处可见的国家/地区 IP 列表的快速垃圾邮件保护。google for country ip list or country ip block (必须在这里给出一个，在那个网站页面导航中很难找到它：Country ip block generator)
Copy-paste your cidr ip list to string $cidrs. And put this code just before page html, possibly in the header.php file.
将您的 cidr ip 列表复制粘贴到字符串 $cidrs。并将此代码放在页面 html 之前，可能在 header.php 文件中。
Can also be used to filter adsense use in page templates based on country.
也可用于根据国家/地区过滤页面模板中的 AdSense 使用。
This is only a in-the-middle-of-the-night-urgency solution. Sometimes one needs to come up with something like this for a client quickly yesterday, so here it is.
这只是一个半夜的紧急解决方案。有时，昨天需要快速为客户想出这样的东西，所以就是这样。
//++++++++++++++++++++++
//COUNTRY SPAM PROTECTOR
//speed: ~5ms @ 2000 cidrs
//comments start with #
//++++++++++++++++++++++
$cidrs=
'
#yourcountry
1.3.4.5/21
#mycountry
6.7.8.9/20
';
//$cidrs.="\n".'123.12.12.12/32';//test, your ip
$cidrs_ar=preg_split('/\s+/',$cidrs,-1,PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
$ip=@$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
$iplong=ip2long($ip);
//var_export($cidrs_ar);var_export($ip);var_export($iplong);
if($iplong)
foreach($cidrs_ar as $cidr)
{
$ar=explode ('/', $cidr);
$netiplong=ip2long($ar[0]);
if($netiplong===false) continue;
$mask=intval(@$ar[1]);
if(!$mask) continue;
$bitmask=-1 <<(32-$mask);
if(($iplong & $bitmask) == ($netiplong & $bitmask))
{
header('Location: http://www.someotherwebsite.com/',true,303);
exit;
}
}
回答by Evgeny Liskovets
You also can use Net_IPv4 PEAR library.
您还可以使用Net_IPv4 PEAR 库。
function cidr_match($ip, $net){
include_once("Net/IPv4.php");
$objIP = new Net_IPv4();
return $objIP->ipInNetwork($ip, $net);
}
回答by vartec
function cidr_match($ipStr, $cidrStr) {
$ip = ip2long($ipStr);
$cidrArr = split('/',$cidrStr);
$maskIP = ip2long($cidrArr[0]);
$maskBits = 32 - $cidrArr[1];
return (($ip>>$maskBits) == ($maskIP>>$maskBits));
}
