Java 如何在spring webapp中创建后台进程？
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How to create background process in spring webapp?
提问by Vladimir
I want to run background process in parallel with my spring-mvc web-application. I need a way to start in automatically on context loading. Background process is a class that implements Runnable.
Is spring-mvc has some facilities for that?
我想与我的 spring-mvc web 应用程序并行运行后台进程。我需要一种在上下文加载时自动启动的方法。后台进程是一个实现Runnable. spring-mvc 是否有一些功能？
采纳答案by skaffman
Spring has a comprehensive task execution framework. See the relevant part of the docs.
Spring 有一个全面的任务执行框架。请参阅文档的相关部分。
I suggest having a Spring bean in your context, which, when initialized, submits your background Runnableto a SimpleAsyncTaskExecutorbean. That's the simplest approach, which you can make more complex and capable as you see fit.
我建议在您的上下文中使用 Spring bean，它在初始化时会将您的背景提交Runnable给SimpleAsyncTaskExecutorbean。这是最简单的方法，您可以根据需要将其变得更复杂和更强大。
回答by washley
I would go ahead and look at the task scheduling documentation linked by skaffman, but there's also a simpler way if all you really want to do is fire up a background thread at context initialization time.
我会继续查看 skaffman 链接的任务调度文档，但如果您真正想做的只是在上下文初始化时启动后台线程，还有一种更简单的方法。
<bean id="myRunnableThingy">
...
</bean>
<bean id="thingyThread" class="java.lang.Thread" init-method="start">
<constructor-arg ref="myRunnableThingy"/>
</bean>
回答by Lucas Holt
As another option, one can now use Spring's scheduling capabilities. With Spring 3 or higher, it has a cron like annotation that allows you to schedule tasks to run with a simple annotation of a method. It's also friendly with autowiring.
作为另一种选择，现在可以使用 Spring 的调度功能。在 Spring 3 或更高版本中，它有一个类似 cron 的注释，允许您使用简单的方法注释来安排任务运行。它对自动装配也很友好。
This example schedules a task for every 2 minutes with an initial wait (on startup) of 30 seconds. The next task will run 2 minutes after the method completes! If you want it to run every 2 minutes exactly, use fixedInterval instead.
此示例每 2 分钟安排一个任务，初始等待（启动时）为 30 秒。下一个任务将在方法完成后 2 分钟运行！如果您希望它恰好每 2 分钟运行一次，请改用 fixedInterval。
@Service
public class Cron {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Cron.class);
@Autowired
private PageService pageService;
@Scheduled(initialDelay = 30000, fixedDelay=120000) // 2 minutes
public void cacheRefresh() {
log.info("Running cache invalidation task");
try {
pageService.evict();
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("cacheRefresh failed: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
Be sure to also add @EnableAsync @EnableScheduling to your Application class to enable this feature.
确保还将 @EnableAsync @EnableScheduling 添加到您的 Application 类以启用此功能。
