bash 如何在目标路径中使用通配符 (*) 使用 scp 进行复制？
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/40015807/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
How do I copy with scp with a wildcard(*) in the destination path?
提问by pingul
Is it possible to get the value of what a wildcard matched to? I.e. I want to do
是否有可能获得通配符匹配的值？即我想做
scp -r user@host:some/path/with/*/file.txt cp/to/*/file.txt
With the command above, I want
使用上面的命令，我想要
some/path/with/TEST/file.txt --> cp/to/TEST/file.txt
some/path/with/OTHER/file.txt --> cp/to/OTHER/file.txt
EDIT:I'll add some more data of my actual setup, which might make it clearer.
编辑：我将添加一些实际设置的更多数据，这可能会使其更加清晰。
On my server I have the structure
在我的服务器上我有结构
server $ pwd
~/sixtrack/simulations
server $ ls
run0001
run0002
run0003
...
Each run*is a directory, containing files like run*/summary.dat, run*/tracks.datetc. I could copy everything over to my own computer like
每run*一个目录，包含文件一样run*/summary.dat，run*/tracks.dat等我可以复制一切交给我自己的电脑一样
pingul $ scp -r 'user@host:sixtrack/simulations/*' .
However, I would like to not copy over everyfile, instead just some. Because all files are named the same and only separated through the directory, I have to respect the structure. As such, I would like host:sixtrack/simulations/run0001/summary.datto go into my local folder /Users/pingul/Workspace/simulations/run0001/summary.dat.
但是，我不想复制每个文件，而只是复制一些。因为所有文件都命名相同，并且仅通过目录分隔，所以我必须尊重结构。因此，我想host:sixtrack/simulations/run0001/summary.dat进入我的本地文件夹/Users/pingul/Workspace/simulations/run0001/summary.dat。
Running
跑步
pingul $ pwd
/Users/pingul/Workspace/simulations
pingul $ scp -r 'user@host:sixtrack/simulations/*/summary.dat' */.
Does not accomplish what I want. Adding the -voption as suggested prints out
没有完成我想要的。添加-v选项作为建议打印出来
Executing: cp -r -- run0001/. run0100/.
Executing: cp -r -- run0002/. run0100/.
Executing: cp -r -- run0003/. run0100/.
...
and I only get one summary.datin run0100. All other directories are empty (i.e. run0001, run0002, ...)
我只有一次summary.dat在run0100。所有其他目录都是空的（即run0001, run0002, ...）
Is what I want possible?
我想要的可能吗？
采纳答案by Arkadiusz Drabczyk
It depends on whether you want to expand *beforerunning a
command or afterrunning it and whether you want to do it
interactively or not.
这取决于您是要*在运行命令之前还是在运行命令之后进行扩展，以及是否要以交互方式进行。
If you want to expand it beforerunning a command interactively you can either use insert-completions (M-*)or glob-expand-word (C-x *)described in man bash:
如果您想在交互式运行命令之前扩展它，您可以使用insert-completions (M-*)或glob-expand-word (C-x *)描述man bash：
glob-expand-word (C-x *)
The word before point is treated as a pattern for
pathname expansion, and the list of matching filenames
is inserted, replacing the word. If a numeric argument
is sup- plied, an asterisk is appended before pathname
expansion.
insert-completions (M-*)
Insert all completions of the text before point that
would have been generated by possible-completions.
To use these functions put a cursor before or after *and press either Control-x*or Alt-*:
要使用这些功能，请将光标放在之前或之后*，然后按Control-x*或Alt- *：
$ pwd
/tmp/expand-glob
$ ls
FILE
$ cp /tmp/expand-*/*
Now put your cursor after the last *, don't press Enterbut C-x*and you'll get this
现在把你的光标放在最后一个之后*，不要按Enter但是C-x*你会得到这个
$ cp /tmp/expand-glob/FILE
If you want to expand *to test command in the script then neither
scpnor cpis a good option because the cannot run in dry-runmode. You should go with something like rsyncthat would show what
files it wouldtransfer if it was actually run like this:
如果你想扩展*到脚本中的测试命令，那么这既不
是一个好选择，scp也不cp是一个好的选择，因为它不能在dry-run模式下运行。如果它实际上像这样运行rsync，你应该使用类似的东西来显示它会传输哪些文件：
$ rsync -vn --relative /tmp/expand-*/* .
/tmp/
/tmp/expand-scp/
/tmp/expand-scp/a
/tmp/expand-scp/b
/tmp/expand-scp/c
/tmp/expand-scp/mmmm32
EDIT:
编辑：
How about this:
这个怎么样：
$ rsync -avn -R --rsync-path="cd sixtrack/simulations && rsync" user@host:run*/summary.dat .
-nstands for dry-run. With this option rsyncwill only print how will recreate a remote directory structure in current directory. In your case it will be something like:
-n代表试运行。使用此选项rsync将只打印如何在当前目录中重新创建远程目录结构。在您的情况下，它将类似于：
receiving incremental file list
drwxr-xr-x 4,096 2016/10/13 12:45:36 run0001
-rw-r--r-- 0 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0001/summary.dat
drwxr-xr-x 4,096 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run00010
-rw-r--r-- 0 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run00010/summary.dat
drwxr-xr-x 4,096 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0002
-rw-r--r-- 0 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0002/summary.dat
drwxr-xr-x 4,096 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0003
-rw-r--r-- 0 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0003/summary.dat
drwxr-xr-x 4,096 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0004
-rw-r--r-- 0 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0004/summary.dat
drwxr-xr-x 4,096 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0005
-rw-r--r-- 0 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0005/summary.dat
drwxr-xr-x 4,096 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0006
-rw-r--r-- 0 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0006/summary.dat
drwxr-xr-x 4,096 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0007
-rw-r--r-- 0 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0007/summary.dat
drwxr-xr-x 4,096 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0008
-rw-r--r-- 0 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0008/summary.dat
drwxr-xr-x 4,096 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0009
-rw-r--r-- 0 2016/10/13 12:23:18 run0009/summary.dat
回答by Leon
What you're asking for is impossible since cp/scpcommands take only a single destination. However you can easily simulate it with some very straightforward scripting:
你要求的是不可能的，因为cp/scp命令只需要一个目的地。但是，您可以使用一些非常简单的脚本轻松模拟它：
for d in *
do
scp -r user@host:some/path/with/"$d"/file.txt cp/to/"$d"/file.txt
done
It can also be written on a single line as
也可以单行写成
for d in *; do scp -r user@host:some/path/with/"$d"/file.txt cp/to/"$d"/file.txt; done
