Python 计算时差
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Calculating Time Difference
提问by Brian
at the start and end of my program, I have
在我的程序开始和结束时，我有
from time import strftime
print int(strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
Y1=int(strftime("%Y"))
m1=int(strftime("%m"))
d1=int(strftime("%d"))
H1=int(strftime("%H"))
M1=int(strftime("%M"))
S1=int(strftime("%S"))
Y2=int(strftime("%Y"))
m2=int(strftime("%m"))
d2=int(strftime("%d"))
H2=int(strftime("%H"))
M2=int(strftime("%M"))
S2=int(strftime("%S"))
print "Difference is:"+str(Y2-Y1)+":"+str(m2-m1)+":"+str(d2-d1)\
+" "+str(H2-H1)+":"+str(M2-M1)+":"+str(S2-S1)
But when I tried to get the difference, I get syntax errors.... I am doing a few things wrong, but I'm not sure what is going on...
但是当我试图找出差异时，我遇到了语法错误......我做错了一些事情，但我不确定发生了什么......
Basically, I just want to store a time in a variable at the start of my program, then store a 2nd time in a second variable near the end, then at the last bit of the program, compute the difference and display it. I am not trying to time a function speed. I am trying to log how long it took for a user to progress through some menus. What is the best way to do this?
基本上，我只想在程序开始时将时间存储在变量中，然后将第二次存储在接近末尾的第二个变量中，然后在程序的最后一位，计算差异并显示它。我不是要计时功能速度。我正在尝试记录用户浏览某些菜单所需的时间。做这个的最好方式是什么？
采纳答案by Tim Pietzcker
The datetimemodule will do all the work for you:
该datetime模块将为您完成所有工作：
>>> import datetime
>>> a = datetime.datetime.now()
>>> # ...wait a while...
>>> b = datetime.datetime.now()
>>> print(b-a)
0:03:43.984000
If you don't want to display the microseconds, just use (as gnibbler suggested):
如果您不想显示微秒，只需使用（如 gnibbler 建议的那样）：
>>> a = datetime.datetime.now().replace(microsecond=0)
>>> b = datetime.datetime.now().replace(microsecond=0)
>>> print(b-a)
0:03:43
回答by John La Rooy
from time import time
start_time = time()
...
end_time = time()
seconds_elapsed = end_time - start_time
hours, rest = divmod(seconds_elapsed, 3600)
minutes, seconds = divmod(rest, 60)
回答by Johannes Charra
You cannot calculate the differences separately ... what difference would that yield for 7:59 and 8:00 o'clock? Try
您无法单独计算差异...... 7:59 和 8:00 点会产生什么差异？尝试
import time
time.time()
which gives you the seconds since the start of the epoch.
它为您提供了自纪元开始以来的秒数。
You can then get the intermediate time with something like
然后你可以用类似的东西来获得中间时间
timestamp1 = time.time()
# Your code here
timestamp2 = time.time()
print "This took %.2f seconds" % (timestamp2 - timestamp1)
回答by user2394284
time.monotonic()(basically your computer's uptime in seconds) is guarranteed to not misbehave when your computer's clock is adjusted (such as when transitioning to/from daylight saving time).
time.monotonic()（基本上是您计算机的正常运行时间（以秒为单位））在调整计算机时钟时（例如在转换到/从夏令时转换时）不会出现异常行为。
>>> import time
>>>
>>> time.monotonic()
452782.067158593
>>>
>>> a = time.monotonic()
>>> time.sleep(1)
>>> b = time.monotonic()
>>> print(b-a)
1.001658110995777
